英语书面表达高分与技巧完整.docx
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英语书面表达高分与技巧完整
英语书面表达高分与技巧
一.审题
1、审体裁:
明确用什么文体、什么格式。
2、审人称:
明确用什么人称。
3、审时态:
明确本文的主要时态,使全文时态一致。
4、审要点:
明确写什么,要确保要点齐全。
既要列出已知要点,还要列出隐含要点,更应列出……要点。
二.写作建议
1、正确性:
书面表达必须坚持正确第一的原则,保证所写句子在语法上、结构上是正确的、得体的,尤其是文章的开头和结尾。
2、条理性:
在确保正确的前提下,适当运用一些连接词或连接句,使文章条理清晰。
同时还要学会分段。
3、多样性:
在确保正确的前提下,要追求句型表达的多样性。
4、复杂性:
在确保正确的前提下,要追求词汇词组及句型的复杂性。
5、规范性:
要用黑色笔答题,不乱涂乱划,不超出答题区域,字迹要端正,标点符号不乱用。
三.短语优先原则
书面表达时,能用短语时,尽量用短语。
它会使文章增加亮点,提升文章的档次,也会给阅卷老师留下一个好印象。
1、因为……没有……
因为生病了他昨天没有参加会议。
Hedidn’tcometothemeetingyesterdaybecausehewasill.
Hedidn’tattendthemeetingyesterdayonaccountofhisillness.
Hewasabsentfromthemeetingyesterdayowingto/duetohisillness.
Hisillnessaccountedforhisabsencefromthemeetingyesterday.
Hisillnesspreventedhimfromattendingthemeetingyesterday.
2、喜欢……
当他是孩童时,就喜爱学习。
Whenhewasachild,helikedtolearneverything.
Asachild,hewasfondoflearning.
Whenhewasachild,hewasaddictedtoknowledge.
Asachild,hewasmadaboutknowledge.
Whenhewasachild,hewascrazyaboutlearning.
Asachild,hetookgreatpleasureinlearning.
Whenhewasachild,hehadastrongdesire/passionforknowledge.
Whenhewasachild,hehadastrongappetiteforknowledge.
3、认为……
有75%的学生认为五一节高三学生应该放假。
75%studentsthinkthattheSenior3studentsshouldhaveaholidayonMayDay.
Moststudents,about75%,holdtheviewthattheSenior3shouldhaveaholidayonMayDay.
ThemajorityofthestudentsaccepttheideathattheSenior3shouldhaveaholidayonMayDay.
Intheopinionofmoststudents,about3outof4,theSenior3studentsshouldtakesomedaysoffonMayDay.
Fromthepointofmoststudents’view,…
Asfarastheyareconcerned,…
4、感谢……
如果能考虑我的申请,我不胜感激。
I’llthankyouifyoucanthinkaboutmyapplication.
I’llbegrateful/thankfultoyouifyoucanthinkaboutmyapplication.
I’llthankyoufromthebottomofmyheartifyoucantakemyapplicationintoconsideration.
I’llappreciateitifyoucantakemyapplicationintoaccount.
5、尽力…
我们将尽力按时完成任务。
We’lldoourbesttofinishourtaskintime.
We’lldowhateverwecantofinishthetaskintime.
We’llmakegreateffortstofinishthetaskintime.
We’lldevoteoureffortstofinishingthetaskintime.
We’llsparenoeffortstofinishthetaskintime.
6、突然想到了……
我突然想到了一个好注意。
SuddenlyIhadagoodidea.
Allofasudden,Ithoughtofagoodidea.
Allofasudden,Icameupwithagoodidea.
Allofasudden,agoodideaoccurredtome.
Allofasudden,agoodideaflashedacrossmymind.
7、非常吃惊
污染如此严重,他非常吃惊。
Thepollutionwassoserious.Hewasverysurprised.
Hewasverysurprisedtoseethepollutionwassoserious.
Heshowedgreatsurprisetoseehowseriousthepollutionwas.
Tohisgreatsurprise,hefounditwassoseriouslypolluted.
Whatsurprisedhimmostwasthatitwassoseriouslypolluted.
四.一二三原则
1)1st,2nd,3rd,atlast(反对)
2)first,second,third,last(不推荐)
3)firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally(不推荐)
4)tobeginwith,then,furthermore,finally(强烈推荐)
5)tostartwith,next,inaddition,finally(强烈推荐)
6)firstandforemost,besides,lastbutnotleast(强烈推荐)
7)mostimportantofall/firstofall,moreover,finally
8)ontheonehand,ontheotherhand(适用于两点的情况)
9)foronething,foranotherthing(适用于两点的情况)
五.多变句式原则
多变句式指:
写作时要适当使用复合句、非谓语形式、被动语态、倒装句、强调句型等,使文章更精彩。
1、合并句子:
1)高考临近,我们没有心情去游玩。
TheCollegeEntranceExamiscomingnear.Wehavenointerestingoinganywhere.
TheCollegeEntranceExamisonthewaysowehavenodesiretogoanywhere.
WiththeCollegeEntranceExamdrawingnear,wehavenoappetitetogoanywhere.
2)他喜欢踢足球,也喜欢打篮球。
Heenjoysplayingfootball.Healsoenjoysplayingbasketball.
Notonlydoesheenjoyplayingfootball,butalsoheenjoysplayingbasketball.
2、改变语态:
1)他在英语方面已经取得了很大的进步。
HehasmaderapidprogressinEnglish.
RapidprogresshasbeenmadeinEnglish.
2)我们应尽力阻止环境遭到破坏。
Weshouldmakegreateffortstopreventtheenvironmentfrombeingdestroyed.
Greateffortsshouldbemadetopreventtheenvironmentfrombeingdestroyed.
3、使用短语:
1)我英语好,我愿意为大会做志愿者(volunteer).
I’mgoodatEnglish,soI’dliketobeavolunteerforthemeeting.
WithagoodknowledgeofEnglish,I’dliketobeavolunteerforthemeeting.
2)这辆汽车质量好,价格也合理。
Thequalityofthecarisgood,andthepriceofthecarisreasonable.
Inadditiontothegoodquality,thepriceofthecarisalsoreasonable.
4、使用非谓语形式:
1)我愿意在下周五举行的会议上做志愿者。
IwouldliketobeavolunteerforthemeetingwhichwillbeheldnextMonday.
IhaveastrongdesiretobeavolunteerforthemeetingtobeheldnextMonday.
2)当我发现这么多人坐在教室里,我很紧张。
WhenIfoundthatsomanypeopleweresittingintheclassroom,Iwasverynervous.
Findingsomanypeopleseatedintheclassroom,Iwasverynervous.
3)我不得不呆在家里,照料我生病的母亲。
Ihadtostayathomeandlookaftermysickmother.
Ihadtostayathomelookingaftermysickmother.
Ihadnochoicebuttostayathomelookingafter….
5、使用名词性从句:
1)他没有出现,使每个人失望。
Toeveryone’sdisappointment,hedidn’tturnup.
Whatdisappointedeveryonewasthathedidn’tturnup.
Itdisappointedeveryonethathedidn’tturnup.
Thefactthathedidn’tturnupdisappointedeveryone.
2)他又迟到了,这使老师非常生气。
Hewaslateagainanditmadetheteacherveryangry.
Hisbeinglateagainmadetheteacherveryangry.
Itmadetheteacherveryangrythathewaslateagain.
Thefactthathewaslateagainmadetheteacherveryangry.
6、使用定语从句:
1)新华词典,词汇11,000个,价格11元。
Thereare11,000wordsintheXinHuaDictionary.Thepriceofitis11yuan.
Thereare11,000wordsintheXinHuaDictionary,thepriceofwhichis11yuan.
TheXinHuaDictionary,whichcharges11yuan,hasacollectionof11,000words.
7、使用状语从句:
1)合理安排时间,使学习更有效。
Arrangeyourtimeproperly.Itwillmakeyourstudymoreefficiently.
Arrangeyourtimeproperlysothatyoucanmakeyourstudymoreefficiently.
2)天下大雨,但他们仍继续工作。
Itrainedheavily,buttheystillwentonwiththework.
Althoughitrainedheavily,theystillwentonwiththework.
Despitetheheavyrain,theystillwentonwiththework.
8、使用倒装结构:
在旧社会,人们饥寒交迫。
这些日子一去不复返了。
Peoplesufferedfromcoldandhungerinthepast.Thedaysaregoneforever.
Goneforeverarethedayswhenpeoplesufferedfromcoldandhunger.
9、使用强调句型:
生日这天,我们常能收到许多生日礼物及生日祝福。
Onbirthday,weusuallyreceivealotofnicepresentsandgoodwishes.
Itisonbirthdaythatweusuallyreceivealotofnicepresentsandgoodwishes.
六.长短句原则
写作中要注意长短句结合,简单句为主,复合句为辅,不要一味追求长句及复合句。
适当的短句,可使文章长短结合,抑扬顿挫。
七.主题句原则
写作时要突出主题,开门见山,把主题句放在文首或段首,使读者一目了然。
IprefermyEnglishclassestobetaughtinEnglishonly.Asweallknow,agoodlearningenvironmentisnecessaryifwewanttostudyEnglishwell….
八.多实少虚原则
写作时,一定要写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。
这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。
我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大、比较空的词。
比如说“很好”,不应只说verynice.还可说:
generous,humorous,interesting,smart,gentle,warm-hearted,等形容词。
又如:
“走出房间”一般的词是:
walkoutoftheroom
但是小偷走出房间:
slipoutoftheroom
小姐走出房间:
sailoutoftheroom
小孩走出房间:
danceoutoftheroom
老人走出房间:
staggeroutoftheroom
匆匆走出房间:
hurryoutoftheroom
冲出房间:
rushoutoftheroom
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!
I.用于文章主题句
1.不用说…
Itgoeswithoutsayingthat….
=Itisneedlesstosaythat…
=Needlesstosay,…
=Itisobviousthat…
=Obviously,…
例:
不用说早睡早起是值得的。
Itgoeswithoutsayingthatitisworthwhiletogetupearly.
2.不可否认…
Thereisnodenyingthat…
=Noonecandenythat…
Thereisnodoubtthat…
Thereisnopossibilityofdoing...
Itisimpossibletodo...
Itisoutofthequestiontodo…
Thereisnopoint/senseofdoing…
It’snouse/gooddoing…
例︰不可否认,成功关键在于健康的身心。
Thereisnodenyingthatsuccessliesinahealthybodyandmind.
3.就我的看法…;我认为…
Inmyopinion,…/Personally,…
=frommypointofview,….
=AsfarasIamconcerned,…
例︰就我的看法,打电脑游戏既花费时间也有害健康。
Inmyopinion,playingcomputergamesnotonlytakesmuchtimebutalsoisharmfultohealth.
4.人们普遍认为…
itisgenerally/commonlyaccepted/thoughtthat…
例如:
人们普遍认为教育不应该随着毕业而结束。
Itiscommonlyacceptedthateducationshouldn’tendwithgraduation.
5.俗语说得好:
…
Wellgoesanoldsaying,“…”
=Asanoldsayinggoes(runs,says),"…"
=Anoldsayinggoes,"…"
=It'sanoldsayingthat...
例︰俗话说得好:
“诚实为上策”。
Asanoldsayinggoes,"Honestyisthebestpolicy."
6.以下…
(A)…用下列方法……inthefollowingways.
(B)…有三个主要理由。
…forthreemajorreasons.
(C)要…,至少我们可做三件事。
To…,thereareatleastthreethingswecando.
例:
我用下列方法增加信心。
Iincreasemyconfidenceinthefollowingways.
人们学外语有三个理由。
Peoplelearnaforeignlanguageforthreemajorreasons.
为了维护健康,我们每天至少可做三件事。
Tokeephealthy,thereareatleastthreethingswecandoeveryday.
6.…正成为增长的趋势
Thereisagrowingtendencyforsbtodo…
例如:
近年来,人们买汽车呈增长的趋势。
Thereisagrowingtendencyforpeopletobuyprivatecarsinrecentyears.
学生考试作弊现象呈增长趋势。
Thereisagrowingtendencyforstudentstocheatintheexam.
II.用于文章承转句
1.基于/考虑到…
Inviewof…=Considering…
例如:
考虑到这些严重的状况,我们必须采取一些措施来阻止河流被污染。
Inviewofsuchaserioussituation,somethingmustbedonetopreventtheriversfrombeingpolluted.
基于这个理由…Forthisreason,…
为了这个目的…Forthispurpose,…
例如:
基于这个理由,我已决定把改变注意。
Forthisreason,Ihavedecidedtochangemymind.
2.此外,…
besides/inaddition/moreover/what’smore/furthermore…
例如︰此外我们还应该考虑他们提出的一些建议。
Inaddition,weshouldtaketheirsuggestionsintoconsideration.
3.相反地…
onthecontrary,…
=bycontrast/incontrast,…
例︰相反地,我们应该帮助那些处于困境中的学生。
Onthecontrary,weshouldhelpthosestudentswhoareintrouble.
与上面的观点相反,大部分学生认为英语课应该用英语授课。
Contrarytotheaboveopinion,themajorityofthestudentsprefertheirEnglishclassestobetaughtinEnglish.
III.用于文章结论句
1.总而言之…