上海英语试题今年上海出的练习题.docx

上海英语试题今年上海出的练习题.docx

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上海英语试题今年上海出的练习题

1.Thereciprocatingmotionofthepistonisconvertedto____motionofthecrankshaftbytheconnectingrod,whichswivelsaboutthewrist（pistonorgudgeon）pinatthetop,andatitsbottomendrotatesaboutthecrankpin.

a.turningb.relativec.rollingd.backandforth

2.Whilethesearetheoreticalcyclesthatareonly____inreality,itisthedualcombustioncyclethatmostaccuratelyrepresentstheoperationofmostdieselenginesofcurrentdesign.

a.approximatedb.closedc.approachd.accurate

3,IntheOttocycle,achargeoffuelandairisignitedbyasparkandburnsexplosively,sorapidlythatcombustioniscompletedbeforethepistonbeginstomovedownandtherefore____atconstantvolume.

a.taketheplaceofb.occursc,istakenplaced.carryout

4.Practicalconsiderationspreventalltheseotherfactorsfrom___,butthefactorremainsthatthecloserthedualcombustioncyclecanbemadetoapproachanOttocycle,withalargefractionofthefuelburningrapidlybeforethepistoncommenceitsdownwardstroke,thehigherwillbeitstheoreticalthermalefficiency.

a.beingthesameb.equalc.isequald,equation

5.Ottoanddualcombustioncyclesarerelatedbythemannerinwhichcombustiontakesplace,ifallotherfactorswereequal,thetheoreticalthermalefficiency__higherforanOttocycle.

a.wouldbeb.willbec.wasd.is

6.Insteamturbineshighpressuresteamisdirectedinto__bladesorvanesattachedtoashaft,causingittorotate.

a.aseriesofb.aseriousofc,seriesofd.serious

7.Gasturbinesdifferfromsteamturbines__gasratherthansteamisusedtoturnashaft.

a.since（inthat）b.sothatc.therefored.thus

8.Asthecylindervolumeincreases,howeverthecontinuedcombustionmaintainsthepressureinthecylinderuntilinjectionandthencombustion__.

a.stopb.increasec.ceased.tocease

9.Theexhauststrokeactuallybeginsjustbeforethepistonreachesbottomdeadcenter,whentheexhaustvalveopensandtheresidualhighpressureinthecylinder__theexhaustmanifoldasthegasesblowdown.

a.isrelievedintob.isreducedintoc.isdischargingtod.ischargedinto

10.Fuelinjectionbeginsduringthe__stroke,beforethepistonreachestopdeadcenter.

a.expansionb.suctionc.compressiond.exhaust

11.Withoutexception,modernoil-burningdieselenginesachievethese__withsolidinjectionsystems.

a.objectivesb.gatec.doord.object

12.Itisimportantto__thatinahighspeedenginethecrankshaftrotatesfartherinagivenperiodoftimethaninalowspeedengine,whichexplainsthegenerallylowertoleranceofhighspeedenginesforfueloflowignitionquality.

a.indicateb.writec.explaind.show

13.Ifthepressurerisestoosharplythecombustionbecomesaudible,aphenomenonknownas__.

a.dieselknockb.dieselenginec.mechanicald.fireknock

14.Oncethecombustionhasbeenestablishedinthecylinder,furtherfueldropletsenteringthecylinderwillburnassoonastheyhavepenetrated,heated,vaporized,andmixed,sothatthecombustionrate__theinjectionratebythepreparationtime.

a.lagsbehindb.leadingc.isslowerthand.isthesameas

15.Typically,however,__someirregularitiesreflectingcombustionofincompletelyburnedfuelorofintermediatecombustionproducts,andsomedelayedchemicalendreactions.

a.therewillbeb.thereisc.therewillhaved.therehas

16.Compressordischargepressureisusuallydescribedbyitsratioto__,calledthepressureratio.

a.intakepressureb.dischargepressurec.waterpressured.exhaustpressure

17.Currently,turbo-chargersaresuitableforpressureratios__4.0.

a.ashighasb.suchhighasc.aslowasd.aswellas

18.Maintainingtheengineinawarmconditionhelpsinminimizing__.

a.frictionb.wearc.corrosiond.rust

19.Auxiliaryengine__self-containedcoolingcircuits.

a.tendstob.tendtoc.tendstohaved.tendtohave

20.Cylinderoilisahighviscositymineraloil,witha__matchedtotheanticipatedsulfurcontentofthefuel.

a.TANb.TBNc.SANd.SBN

21.Incrossheadenginesingoodconditionthecylinderoilconsumptionmayusuallybe__.

a.below0.1g/hp.Hrb.above10g/hp.hr

c.below1.0g/hpd.zero

22.Thechangefromonefueltoanother__graduallytoallowtemperatureinthesystemtostabilize.

a.takeplaceb.aretakenplacec.shouldtakeplaced.shouldbetakenplace

23.Refiningseparatescrudeoilintonumberofhydrocarbonproductsinaprocessbasedontheir__,withthelightestproductshavingthelowestboilingpoints（evaporationpoints）.

a.boilingpointsb.flashpointsc.freezingpointsd.meltingpoints.

24.Farmorefrequentlyitisblendedwithadistilledproduct（thecuttingstock）toproducealessviscousintermediatefuel,which,dependingontheproportionsused,canitself__lightorheavy.

a.bedefinedasb.bereferredtoasc.calledd.name

25.Itcanbeseenthatrelativelysmallfractionofdistilledproductcanreducetheviscositysubstantially,sothateventhelighterblendswillcontain__ofundesirableconstituents.

a.largeamountsb.importantamountsc.smallamountsd.afew

26.Thepresenceofsulfurinthefuelthereforeindicatesapotentialfor__,i.e.,acidicattackofsurfacesexposedtotheexhaustgaswhentheyareatorbelowabout150。

C.

a.coldendcorrosionb.hotendcorrosionc.corrosionattheend

d.corrosionintheend

27.Torsionalvibrationarises（results）fromperiodically__superimposeduponthesteadytorquebeingtransmittedtotheload.

a.changingtorqueb.strongtorquec.verygreattorqued.steadytorque

28.WhenapropulsionsystemisoperatedinitnormalrangeofRPM,torsionalvibrationbecomesaproblemifasourceofexcitationhasafirstorhigherorderfrequency__oneofthenaturalfrequenciesfortorsionalvibrationoftherotatingsystem.

a.nearb.closedtoc.shutoffd.close

29.Underthesecircumstances,thetorquevariationofthesourcewillforcetherotatingsystemintoresonance,causingittooscillatetorsionallyathighangularamplitude,withcorrespondinghighstressesthatcould__shaftlinecomponentfatiguefailure.

a.resultfromb.leadtoc.withtheresultthatd.resultin

30.Ingearedinstallationsatlowpowerlevels,theoscillationscancausethegeartoothloadedfacesto__separateandchatter.

a.irregularlyb.periodicalc.periodd.regularly

31.____,themetalexpands.

a.heatingb.heatedc.heatsd.toheat

32.Intheevaporator,theliquidvaporizesataconstantpressureandtemperatureasheatis__throughthewallsofthecoolingcoils.

a.givenupb.packedupc.putupd.pickedup

33.Apumprequiredinthehydraulicsystemwhichcanimmediatelypumpfluidinordertoprovideahydraulicforcethatwillmovetherudderisof__type.

a.variabledeliveryb.constantdeliveryc.smalldeliveryd.largedelivery

34.Aroundthefurnacearebanksoftubes,whichhaveconnectedwithtwodrums___.

a.respectfulb.respectfullyc.respectivelyd.respective

35.Allworkingpartsoftheequipmentwhich__wearortodamageshouldbeeasilyaccessibleformaintenance.

a.arereliableb.areliabletoc.arelikelytod.arepossible

36.Inearlyapplicationsthecontrolstation__theopentypeplacedintheengineroom.

a.wasofb.isofc.wered.is

36.Thesestoreddataarethenavailableforlocaldisplayandprintoutaswellas__ashorebysatelliteand/ormodemtocompanyheadquarters.

a.transmissionb.transmittedc.transferredd.transportation

37.The__ofadigitalcentraloperatingsystemanditsusesarelimitedonlybytheimaginationoftheengineerandthedesiresoftheowner.

a.implementationb.carryoutc.conductd.achievement

38.Internalstorage_thememorybankusedastheresidenceforinstruction,computation,andotherfunctionsthatdeterminethe__ofthesystem.

a.featureb.performancec.speedd.capacity

39.Inputregister–unitstoprovideapathintotheinternalstoragefortheinstructionsordatauponwhichthecomputer____asasystem.

a.doesb.functionsc.sailsd.compares

40.Outputregisters–providersofthepathfortheresultsofany__directedbythesystemtobeoutputtotheobserverorthecentralsystem.

a.operationb.maintenancec.componentsd.communications

41.Itisnecessarythatthesemachines___insynchronismwitheachother.

a.beingb.arec.wered.be

42.Itmaybenecessarytohavethewindings__beforeputtingthemotorintooperation.

a.driedb.dryingc.beingdriedd.havingdried

43.Themotorstopsrunning,thepowersupply__introuble.

a.isb.beenc.beingd.be

44.Thereisadangerofthestartingcurrent__thatthewindingsareburntout.

a.toincreaseb.tobesoincreasedc.increasedd.beingsoincreased

45.Thepropelleradvancesadistancethroughthewaterinonerevolutionequaltoitspitchminusaslippage,calledslip,which__theaxialvelocityinducedbythepropeller.

a.isequivalenttob.equivalenttoc.isequaltod.equivalenceof

46.ClassIforthemajorityofmerchantvesselsgivestoleranceonpitchofthebladesof+_0.75percentwithanylocalpitchontheblade__+_2percent.

a.beingb.isc.ared.willbe

47.Theenduranceportionofthetrialdemonstratestheabilityofalltheship,ssystemto__foraprescribedextendedperiodoftimeatmaximumspeedandpowerwithoutthefailureofthecomponents.

a.performb.predictionc.predictd.evaluated

48.Thisinformationisusefultotheship’sofficerin__theshipandmayberequiredasevidenceinalegalactioninvolvingtheship.

a.handlingb.exercisingc.operationd.drive

49.Tr