考试阅读理解.docx

考试阅读理解.docx

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考试阅读理解

Severalrecentstudieshavefoundthatbeingrandomly（随机地）assignedtoaroommateofanotherracecanleadtoincreasedtolerancebutalsotoagreaterlikelihood（可能性）ofconflict.

Recentreportsfoundthatlodgingwithastudentofadifferentracemaydecreaseprejudiceandcompelstudentstoengageinmoreethnicallydiversefriendships.

AnOhioStateUniversitystudyalsofoundthatblackstudentslivingwithawhiteroommatesawhigheracademicsuccessthroughouttheircollegecareers.Researchersbelievethismaybecausedbysocialpressure.

InaNewYorkTimesarticle,SamBoakye–theonlyblackstudentonhisfreshmanyearfloor-saidthat"ifyou'resurroundedbywhites,youhavesomethingtoprove."

Researchersalsoobservedproblemsresultingfrompairinginterracialstudentsinresidences.

Accordingtotworecentstudies,randomlyassignedroommatesofdifferentracesaremorelikelytoexperienceconflictssostrainedthatoneroommatewillmoveout.

AnIndianaUniversitystudyfoundthatinterracialroommateswerethreetimesaslikelyastwowhiteroommatestonolongerlivetogetherbytheendofthesemester.

GraceKao,aprofessoratPennsaidshewasnotsurprisedbythefindings."Thismaybethefirsttimethatsomeofthesestudentshaveinteracted,andlived,withsomeoneofadifferentrace,"shesaid.

AtPenn,studentsarenotaskedtoindicateracewhenapplyingforhousing.

"Oneofthegreatthingsaboutfreshmanhousingisthat,withsomeexceptions,theprocessthrowsyoutogetherrandomly,"saidUndergraduateAssemblychairmanAlecWebley."Thisisthedefinitionofintegration."

"I'veexperiencedroommateconflictsbetweeninterracialstudentsthathavebothbrokendownstereotypesandreinforcedstereotypes,"saidonePennresidentadvisor（RA）.TheRAoftwoyearsaddedthatwhilesomeconflicts"providedmoremulticulturalacceptanceandmelding（融合）,"therewerealso"jarringculturalconfrontations."

TheRAsaidthattheseconflictshavealsooccurredamongroommatesofthesamerace.

Kaosaidshecautionsagainstforminganygeneralizationsbasedonanyoneofthestudies,notingthatmorebackgroundcharacteristicsofthestudentsneedtobestudiedandexplained.

注意：

此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

57.Whatcanwelearnfromsomerecentstudies?

A）Conflictsbetweenstudentsofdifferentracesareunavoidable.

B）Studentsofdifferentracesareprejudicedagainsteachother.

C）Interraciallodgingdoesmoreharmthangood.

D）Interraciallodgingmayhavediverseoutcomes.

58.WhatdoesSamBoakye'sremarkmean?

A）Whitestudentstendtolookdownupontheirblackpeers.

B）Blackstudentscancompetewiththeirwhitepeersacademically.

C）Blackstudentsfeelsomewhatembarrassedamongwhitepeersduringthefreshmanyear.

D）Beingsurroundedbywhitepeersmotivatesablackstudenttoworkhardertosucceed.

59.WhatdoestheIndianaUniversitystudyshow?

A）Interracialroommatesaremorelikelytofallout.

B）Fewwhitestudentslikesharingaroomwithablackpeer.

C）Roommatesofdifferentracesjustdon'tgetalong.

D）Assigningstudents'lodgingrandomlyisnotagoodpolicy.

60.WhatdoesAlecWebleyconsidertobethe"definitionofintegration"?

A）Studentsofdifferentracesarerequiredtosharearoom.

B）Interraciallodgingisarrangedbytheschoolforfreshmen.

C）Lodgingisassignedtostudentsofdifferentraceswithoutexception.

D）Theschoolrandomlyassignsroommateswithoutregardtorace.

61.WhatdoesGraceKaosayaboutinterraciallodging?

A）Itisunscientifictomakegeneralizationsaboutitwithoutfurtherstudy.

B）Schoolsshouldbecautiouswhenmakingdecisionsaboutstudentlodging.

C）Students'racialbackgroundshouldbeconsideredbeforelodgingisassigned.

D）Experiencedresidentadvisorsshouldbeassignedtohandletheproblems.

答案

57.D）Interraciallodgingmayhavediverseoutcomes.

58.D）Beingsurroundedbywhitepeersmotivatesablackstudenttoworkhardertosucceed.

59.A）Interracialroommatesaremorelikelytofallout.

60.D）Theschoolrandomlyassignsroommateswithoutregardtorace.

61.A）Itisunscientifictomakegeneralizationsaboutitwithoutfurtherstudy.

PassageTwo

Questions62to66arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Globalwarmingiscausingmorethan300,000deathsandabout$125billionineconomiclosseseachyear,accordingtoareportbytheGlobalHumanitarianForum,anorganizationledbyAnnan,theformerUnitedNationssecretarygeneral.

Thereport,tobereleasedFriday,analyzeddataandexistingstudiesofhealth,disaster,populationandeconomictrends.Itfoundthathuman-influencedclimatechangewasraisingtheglobaldeathratesfromillnessesincludingmalnutrition（营养不良）andheat-relatedhealthproblems.

Butevenbeforeitsrelease,thereportdrewcriticismfromsomeexpertsonclimateandrisk,whoquestioneditsmethodsandconclusions.