四级深度阅读试题精选5套10篇.docx

四级深度阅读试题精选5套10篇.docx

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四级深度阅读试题精选5套10篇

深度阅读试题精选——五套共十篇

第一套

SectionB

Directions:

Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）,andD）.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

选材题源NewScientist《新科学家》

选材仿真度★★★★

仿真设题57题仿照2008年6月第57题设题；58题仿照2010年12月第58题设题；

59题仿照2006年6月第59题设题；60题仿照2009年6月第61题设题；

61题仿照2008年6月第66题设题。

Doyoubelievethatsomeprinciplesaresacred?

Ifyoudo,itcouldmakeyouahawkratherthanadoveintimeofwar.Anewstudysuggeststhatmostsocietieshave“sacredrules”forwhichtheirpeoplewoulddieratherthancompromise.Ifpeopleperceiveonesuchruletohavebeenviolated,theymayfeelmorallyobligedtoretaliate（报复）againstthewrongdoers—eveniftheretaliationdoesmoreharmthangood.

PsychologistJeremyGingesandanthropologistScottAtranpresented50USstudentswithahypotheticalcrisisinwhichaforeigncountrycaptured100UScitizensandwasexpectedtokillthem.Halfthevolunteerswereaskedtoconsideramilitaryresponsetothekidnapping,andhalfadiplomaticresponse.

Whentoldthattheiractionwouldresultinallhostages（人质）beingsaved,bothgroupsapprovedtheplanpresentedtothem.Toldthatonehostagewoulddie,however,most“diplomats”becamereluctanttoapprovetheproposedresponse.“Militarists”hadnosuchdoubts.Infact,themostcommonresponsesuggestedthattheywouldsupportmilitaryactionevenif99hostagesdiedasaconsequence.SimilarresultswerefoundinstudiesofNigerianandPalestinianvolunteers.“Peoplearemuchmorewillingtoacceptgrievouslossesduringviolencethanindiplomacy,”Atransays.“Itdoesn’tmakeanysense.”

Atranhasatheorytoexplaintheunusualresults.Thediplomatsconsideredthecostsandbenefitsoftheirdecisionbutthemilitary-thinkersapparentlyignoredsuchconsiderations,hethinks.Heconcludesthattheirdecisionmusthavebeengovernedbytheirsociety’ssacredrulesinstead.

Inthehostagesituation,theabductors（绑架者）werethreateningtoviolatethesacredruleagainstkillinginnocentpeople.Thatrulewassostrongfortheparticipantsthattheyfeltmorallyobligedtomeetviolencewithviolence,regardlessoftheoutcome.

“Theirideasareimmenselyplausible,”saysDavidLivingstoneSmith,aphilosopherattheUniversityofNewEnglandinBiddeford,Maine—althoughhepointsoutthattheexperimentsonlyrevealwhatpeoplesaytheywoulddo,notwhattheyactuallywoulddo.

Arelianceonsacredrulesmayhavebeenbeneficialinhumans’distantpast,whichmightexplainhowtherulesemerged,saysDominicJohnson,whostudiesglobalconflictandcooperationattheUniversityofEdinburgh,UK.Earlygroupsofhumanswhocementedthemselvestogetherwithasharedsetofsuchsacredruleswouldhavehadanadvantageoverlesscooperativegroups,hethinks.Howrelevanttheseresultsaretothebehaviourofpoliticalormilitaryleadersisstillupfordebate.

注意：

此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

57.Whatdoweknowaboutsacredrulesfromthefirstparagraph?

A）Sacredrulesaskpeopletodieinwars.C）Violationofsacredrulesisnotforgivable.

B）Peoplecompromiseinfrontofthem.D）Wrongdoersarepunishedbyrulemakers.

58.By“halfadiplomaticresponse”（Line3,Para2）,theauthorreferstothevolunteerswho.

A）respondedtotheresearchinaverydiplomaticway

B）wereaskedtoresorttopeacefulmethodstosolvetheproblem

C）reactedtothesituationattheriskoftheirownlives

D）offeredtosolvethecrisiswithonlyhalfthemoney

59.Inthehostagesituation,whyarepeoplewillingtouseviolencedespiteterribleconsequences?

A）Theirsociety’ssacredrulescompelthemtodoso.

B）Theirpreviousexperiencesteachthemtodolikethis.

C）Theycaremoreaboutprotectingthelivesofthehostages.

D）Theygiveprioritytothecostsandbenefitsoftheirdecision.

60.WhatdoesDavidLivingstoneSmiththinkabouttheparticipants’violentresponse?

A）Itisaviolationtothesociety’ssacredrules.

B）Itismoresensibletomakecompromise.

C）Itseemsreasonableforpeopletoturntoviolence.

D）Itreflectswhatpeoplewillactuallydoinreallife.

61.AccordingtoDominicJohnson,sacredruleswereusefulinthepastinthat.

A）manyconflictswereavoidedbythemC）theygovernedthesocietyasthelaw

B）peoplecouldtakeadvantageofthemD）theymadepeoplemorecooperative

PassageTwo

Questions62to66arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

选材题源TheWashingtonPost《华盛顿邮报》

选材仿真度★★★★★

仿真设题62题仿照2009年6月第63题设题；63题仿照2007年12月第61题设题；

64题仿照2006年12月第57题设题；65题仿照2008年6月第59题设题；

66题仿照2008年6月第60题设题。

Callittherealnightshift—thatnocturnal（夜间的）periodwhenbleary-eyedadultsleavewarmbedstotendtotheneedsofsickkids,elderlyparentsoranillspouse.So,whotakesthenightshift:

MomorDad?

Womenare2.5timesaslikelyasmentointerrupttheirsleeptocareforothers,accordingtoanewstudybyresearchersfromtheUniversityofMichigan.Andoncethey’reup,womenareawakelonger:

44minutes,comparedwith30minutesformen.

“Peoplearegettingupforotherthings,too.Butmorewomenarespecificallygettinguptocarefordependents—thatincludesfeeding,tendingtophysicalormedicalcare,andespeciallyforyoungchildren,”saysthestudy’sleadresearcher,SarahBurgard,anassistantprofessorofsociologyandepidemiologyattheUniversityofMichiganSchoolofPublicHealthinAnnArbor.

Amongdual-incomecoupleswithachildyoungerthan1,32percentofwomenreportedsleepinterruptionsonagiven24-hourperiod,comparedwith11percentofmen.Forthosewithchildrenaged3to5,3percentofmothersand1percentoffathersexperiencedinterruptedsleep.Overall,aftercontrollingthedatafordifferencesinworkcommitment,partnershipstatusandotherfactors,Burgardsaid,motherstook“thenightshiftofcaretaking”about2.5timesasoftenasfathers.

Accordingtothestudy,thegendergapwasthegreatestduringtheparents’primechildbearingandchild-rearingyears,their20sand30s—whichisalsotheoptimalperiodforearningsandcareerdevelopment.Sleep-deprivedindividualsdonotfunctionwellonthejob,Burgardsaid:

“Poorsleepqualitymanifestsquickly:

You’reunabletofocus...It’sareallimitation.”Previousresearchintowomen’slackofsufficientsleepnotedproblemssuchasundiagnosedsleepapnea（呼吸暂停症）anddepression,shesaid,butthisstudyshedslightonanotherfactor:

gender-definedresponsibilities.

Whetherthewomanwasthe“primarycaregiver,primarybreadwinner,itdidn’tmatter,”saysBurgard.Amongparentsofchildrenyoungerthan1,28percentofwomenwhowerethesoleearnerinthecouplereportedgettingupinthemiddleofthenighttotakecareofchildren,comparedwith4percentofmenwhowerethesolebreadwinner.“Theprimarycareresponsibilitiesstillbelongtofemalesregardlessofotherobligations,”saysBurgard.

注意：

此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

62.Whatdoes“thenightshift”inthefirstparagraphreferto?

A）Interruptionofsleeptotakecareofothers.

C）Workingatnighttendingtothepatients.

B）Gettingupatmidnighttoconductresearch.

D）Proportionofparentsputtingchildrentobed.

63.Asismentionedinthepassage,womengetupatnightspecificallyforreasonslike.

A）watchingTVprogramsC）lockingthedoorsandwindows

B）studyingforpromotionD）lookingaftertheiryoungchildren

64.Whatdoweknowaboutgendergapfromthestudy?

A）Itexistsonlyinone’s20sand30swhenpeopleareinthecriticalperiodofcareerdevelopment.

B）Itcausesthegreatdifferenceforpeople’searningsintheir20sand30s.

C）Itisthegreatestinparents’bestyearsofbearingandrearingchildren.

D）Ithelpsfathersgetgoodexcuseswhentheydon’twanttolookafterthechildren.

65.Anewdiscoveryofthisstudyisthatwomen’slackofsufficientsleepmaybearesultof.

A）undiagnosedsleepapneaC）impropermedicaltreatment

B）commitmenttotheirworkD）theirspecialdutiesasfemale

66.AccordingtoBurgard,morewomengetupatnighttocarefortheirchildren.

A）onlywhenmenarethesolebreadwinnersC）whenthechildrenbecomeolderandstronger

B）whethertheyareprofessionalfemalesornotD）whenmenearnmoremoneythanwomen

第二套

SectionB

Directions:

Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）,andD）.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

选材题源TheNewYorkTimes《纽约时报》

选材仿真度★★★★

仿真设题57题仿照2008年6月第59题设题；58题仿照2009年12月第58题设题；

59题仿照2008年12月第66题设题；60题仿照2006年6月第60题设题；

61题仿照2010年6月第62题设题。

Anewstudyreportsthatmenwhoseparentsdivorcedbeforetheywere18aretwotothreetimesaslikelytoseriouslyconsidertakingtheirownlivesasmenwhoseparentswerenotdivorcedbythatage.Womenwhoseparentsdivorcedbyage18werenotaffectedassignificantly.They,too,thoughtaboutsuicidemoreoftenthanotherwomen,butthethoughtswereexplainedbyotherdistressingexperiencesthey’dhad,likechildhoodabuse.

Divorcemightbeexpectedtohaveabiggeroverallimpactondaughtersthanonsons,sinceingeneralwomentendtobemoreliablethanmentodepressionandsuicidalthoughts.Butthefindingswerenotasurprisetothestudy’sleadauthor,Dr.EsmeFuller-Thomson,aprofessoroffamilyandcommunitymedicineattheUniversityofToronto.

Shenotedthatin