四级深度阅读试题精选5套10篇.docx

1、四级深度阅读试题精选5套10篇深度阅读试题精选五套 共十篇第一套Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A) , B) , C) , and D) .You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter

2、 on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.选材题源 New Scientist 新科学家 选材仿真度 仿真设题 57题仿照2008年6月第57题设题；58题仿照2010年12月第58题设题；59题仿照2006年6月第59题设题；60题仿照2009年6月第61题设题；61题仿照2008年6月第66题设题。Do you believe that some principles are sacred?

3、 If you do, it could make you a hawk rather than a dove in time of war. A new study suggests that most societies have “sacred rules” for which their people would die rather than compromise. If people perceive one such rule to have been violated, they may feel morally obliged to retaliate(报复) against

4、 the wrongdoerseven if the retaliation does more harm than good.Psychologist Jeremy Ginges and anthropologist Scott Atran presented 50 US students with a hypothetical crisis in which a foreign country captured 100 US citizens and was expected to kill them. Half the volunteers were asked to consider

5、a military response to the kidnapping, and half a diplomatic response.When told that their action would result in all hostages(人质) being saved, both groups approved the plan presented to them. Told that one hostage would die, however, most “diplomats” became reluctant to approve the proposed respons

6、e.“Militarists” had no such doubts. In fact, the most common response suggested that they would support military action even if 99 hostages died as a consequence. Similar results were found in studies of Nigerian and Palestinian volunteers.“People are much more willing to accept grievous losses duri

7、ng violence than in diplomacy,” Atran says.“It doesnt make any sense.”Atran has a theory to explain the unusual results. The diplomats considered the costs and benefits of their decision but the military-thinkers apparently ignored such considerations, he thinks. He concludes that their decision mus

8、t have been governed by their societys sacred rules instead.In the hostage situation, the abductors（绑架者） were threatening to violate the sacred rule against killing innocent people. That rule was so strong for the participants that they felt morally obliged to meet violence with violence, regardless

9、 of the outcome.“Their ideas are immensely plausible,” says David Livingstone Smith, a philosopher at the University of New England in Biddeford, Mainealthough he points out that the experiments only reveal what people say they would do, not what they actually would do.A reliance on sacred rules may

10、 have been beneficial in humans distant past, which might explain how the rules emerged, says Dominic Johnson, who studies global conflict and cooperation at the University of Edinburgh, UK. Early groups of humans who cemented themselves together with a shared set of such sacred rules would have had

11、 an advantage over less cooperative groups, he thinks. How relevant these results are to the behaviour of political or military leaders is still up for debate.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。57. What do we know about sacred rules from the first paragraph?A) Sacred rules ask people to die in wars. C) Violation of

12、sacred rules is not forgivable.B) People compromise in front of them. D) Wrongdoers are punished by rule makers.58. By “half a diplomatic response” (Line 3, Para 2), the author refers to the volunteers who .A) responded to the research in a very diplomatic wayB) were asked to resort to peaceful meth

13、ods to solve the problemC) reacted to the situation at the risk of their own livesD) offered to solve the crisis with only half the money59. In the hostage situation, why are people willing to use violence despite terrible consequences?A) Their societys sacred rules compel them to do so.B) Their pre

14、vious experiences teach them to do like this.C) They care more about protecting the lives of the hostages.D) They give priority to the costs and benefits of their decision.60. What does David Livingstone Smith think about the participants violent response?A) It is a violation to the societys sacred

15、rules.B) It is more sensible to make compromise.C) It seems reasonable for people to turn to violence.D) It reflects what people will actually do in real life.61. According to Dominic Johnson, sacred rules were useful in the past in that .A) many conflicts were avoided by them C) they governed the s

16、ociety as the lawB) people could take advantage of them D) they made people more cooperativePassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.选材题源 The Washington Post华盛顿邮报选材仿真度 仿真设题 62题仿照2009年6月第63题设题；63题仿照2007年12月第61题设题；64题仿照2006年12月第57题设题；65题仿照2008年6月第59题设题；66题仿照2008年6月第60题设题。Call i

17、t the real night shiftthat nocturnal (夜间的) period when bleary-eyed adults leave warm beds to tend to the needs of sick kids, elderly parents or an ill spouse. So, who takes the night shift: Mom or Dad? Women are 2.5 times as likely as men to interrupt their sleep to care for others, according to a n

18、ew study by researchers from the University of Michigan. And once theyre up, women are awake longer: 44 minutes, compared with 30 minutes for men.“People are getting up for other things, too. But more women are specifically getting up to care for dependentsthat includes feeding, tending to physical

19、or medical care, and especially for young children,” says the studys lead researcher, Sarah Burgard, an assistant professor of sociology and epidemiology at the University of Michigan School of Public Health in Ann Arbor.Among dual-income couples with a child younger than 1, 32 percent of women repo

20、rted sleep interruptions on a given 24-hour period, compared with 11 percent of men. For those with children aged 3 to 5, 3 percent of mothers and 1 percent of fathers experienced interrupted sleep. Overall, after controlling the data for differences in work commitment, partnership status and other

21、factors, Burgard said, mothers took “the night shift of caretaking” about 2.5 times as often as fathers.According to the study, the gender gap was the greatest during the parents prime childbearing and child-rearing years, their 20s and 30swhich is also the optimal period for earnings and career dev

22、elopment. Sleep-deprived individuals do not function well on the job, Burgard said: “Poor sleep quality manifests quickly: Youre unable to focus.Its a real limitation.” Previous research into womens lack of sufficient sleep noted problems such as undiagnosed sleep apnea(呼吸暂停症) and depression, she sa

23、id, but this study sheds light on another factor: gender-defined responsibilities.Whether the woman was the “primary caregiver, primary breadwinner, it didnt matter,” says Burgard. Among parents of children younger than 1, 28 percent of women who were the sole earner in the couple reported getting u

24、p in the middle of the night to take care of children, compared with 4 percent of men who were the sole breadwinner.“The primary care responsibilities still belong to females regardless of other obligations,” says Burgard.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。62. What does “the night shift” in the first paragraph refer

25、 to?A) Interruption of sleep to take care of others.C) Working at night tending to the patients.B) Getting up at midnight to conduct research.D) Proportion of parents putting children to bed.63. As is mentioned in the passage, women get up at night specifically for reasons like .A) watching TV progr

26、ams C) locking the doors and windowsB) studying for promotion D) looking after their young children64. What do we know about gender gap from the study?A) It exists only in ones 20s and 30s when people are in the critical period of career development.B) It causes the great difference for peoples earn

27、ings in their 20s and 30s.C) It is the greatest in parents best years of bearing and rearing children.D) It helps fathers get good excuses when they dont want to look after the children.65. A new discovery of this study is that womens lack of sufficient sleep may be a result of .A) undiagnosed sleep

28、 apnea C) improper medical treatmentB) commitment to their work D) their special duties as female66. According to Burgard, more women get up at night to care for their children .A) only when men are the sole breadwinners C) when the children become older and strongerB) whether they are professional

29、females or not D) when men earn more money than women第二套Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A) , B) , C) , and D) .You should decide on the best choice and mark

30、the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.选材题源 The New York Times 纽约时报选材仿真度 仿真设题 57题仿照2008年6月第59题设题；58题仿照2009年12月第58题设题；59题仿照2008年12月第66题设题；60题仿照2006年6月第60题设题；61题仿照2010年6月第62题设题。A new study report

31、s that men whose parents divorced before they were 18 are two to three times as likely to seriously consider taking their own lives as men whose parents were not divorced by that age. Women whose parents divorced by age 18 were not affected as significantly. They, too, thought about suicide more oft

32、en than other women, but the thoughts were explained by other distressing experiences theyd had, like childhood abuse.Divorce might be expected to have a bigger overall impact on daughters than on sons, since in general women tend to be more liable than men to depression and suicidal thoughts. But the findings were not a surprise to the studys lead author, Dr. Esme Fuller-Thomson, a professor of family and community medicine at the University of Toronto.She noted that in