形容词和副词用法总结归纳讲解汇编.docx

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形容词和副词用法总结归纳讲解汇编

第三章形容词和副词

形容词用来修饰、说明名词或不定代词,表示人或物的性质、特征和状态。

而副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子,有时也能修饰名词,表示时间、地点、方式、程度等。

何时用形容词何时用副词是许多同学搞不清楚的地方。

一些常见形容词、副词的区别也是高考的一个重点。

第1讲形容词和副词的选用

考点1.根据所作的句子成分选用形容词和副词

修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子用副词,这时,副词作状语;作定语、表语和补语时一般用形容词。

可简单归结为:

形作“定表补”;副修“副句形动”(可谐音记为“付诸行动”),常做状语。

常见的使用形容词的情况:

作表语、定语、补语。

Heisacarefulboy.(作定语,用形容词)

Heiscareful.(作表语,用形容词)

Youmustkeepyoureyesclosed.(作宾语补足语,用形容词)。

常见的使用副词的情况:

修饰动词、形容词、副词和整个句子。

Hewritescarefully.Hewalksslowly.

(认真地写,慢慢地走,修饰动词用副词)

Thismaterialisenvironmentallyfriendly.

(修饰形容词用副词)

Herunsveryslowly.

(修饰副词slowly,因此very是副词)

Unfortunately,helostallofhismoney.

(修饰整个句子用副词)

Ⅰ.用括号内词的形容词或副词形式的适当形式填空,并说明为什么用这种形式。

1.Thismathproblemis_____andIcanworkitout_____.(easy)

2.Therewasa_____windlastnight,itblew_____.(strong)

3.Theboyshavea_____time,they’replaying_____.(happy)

4.The_____girlsingsvery_____.(beautiful)

5.“I’vemissedit,”Robertsaid_____.(angry)

6._____(surprising),hereturnedsafeandsound(安然无恙地)thenextmorning.

7._____(hope),hecangetonwellwithallhisclassmatesinthenewschool.

8._____,hedidn’tfailintheexam.(luck)

9.Hewas_____illandIwas_____sorryforthat.(terrible)

10.Itwas_____(extreme)coldthatdayandthemeetingwas_____(especial)important.

11.Heisan_____singerandhesings_____well.(incredible)

Ⅱ.选择括号内的形容词或副词填空。

Thehikerswerewalking(1.slow/slowly)upthemountainpath.Suddenly,theysawalargecreatureabovethem.Itlookedvery(2.strange/strangely),withalargeheadandthickblackhair.Thecreaturescreamed(尖叫)(3.loud/loudly.)Itsounded(4.horrible/horribly),likethescreamofamadperson.Thenthecreatureran(5.quick/quickly)behindarock.Whenthehikersgotthere,theysawbigfootprintsinthesnowandsomeblackhairontherocks.Thehairwasdirtyandsmelled(6.terrible/terribly).Thehikers(7.careful/carefully)tookphotos.Fromthatmomenttheystartedtofeel(8.anxious/anxiously)andtheyslept(9.bad/badly)thatnight.Whentheygotbackhome,theydeveloped(冲洗)thephotos.Therewasnothingthere,onlysnowandrocks!

Ⅲ.单项选择。

1.Theseorangestaste_______.

A.goodB.well

C.tobegoodD.tobewell

2. 【2006上海春】Someexpertsthinkthatlanguagelearningismuch_____forchildrenastheirtonguesaremoreflexible. 

A.easyB.easier

C.easilyD.moreeasily

3.【2009福建】Itseemsthatlivinggreenis_____easyandaffordable.Asmallstepmakesabigdifference.

A.exactlyB.fortunately

C.surprisinglyD.hardly

4.—Whatdoyouthinkoftheplan?

   

—Ifeel_____thatweoughttogiveitupatonce. 

A.strongB.stronger

C.stronglyD.itstrong

5.【1993全国】Shedoesn’tspeak_____herfriend,butherwrittenworkisexcellent.

A.aswellasB.sooftenas 

C.somuchasD.asgoodas

6.【2004上海】HespeaksEnglishwellindeed,butofcoursenot_____anativespeaker.

A.asfluentasB.morefluentthan

C.sofluentlyasD.muchfluentlythan

7.【2006湖南】AlthoughshedidnotknowBostonwell,shemadeherway_____totheHomeCircleBuilding.

A.easyenoughB.enougheasy

C.easilyenoughD.enougheasily

8.【2007上海春】Nowadaystherolesofhusbandandwifearenotas_____definedasbefore,especiallywhenbothpartnersworkandearnmoneyforthefamily.

A.clearB.clearer

C.clearlyD.moreclearly

9.【2007浙江】Workgetsdone_____whenpeopledoittogether,andtherewardsarehighertoo.

A.easilyB.veryeasy

C.moreeasilyD.easier

10.【2005上海春】—Whatanicefireyouhaveinyourfireplace!

—DuringthewinterIlikemyhouse_____.

A.warmlyandcomfortably 

B.warmandcomfortable

C.warmandcomfortably 

D.warmlyandcomfortable

11.【2007上海春】Althoughthecountryhashadpoliticalindependenceforoveracentury,_____itneedsthesupportofitsneighbors.

A.naturallyB.economically

C.especiallyD.luckily

12._____,thethiefdidn’ttakeanythingvaluablebutmynotebook.   

A. StrangeitisB.Tobestrange  

C.StrangelyenoughD.Itwasstrange

考点2.形容词也作状语,但表示主语所处的状态

1.【2013上海】Thejudgesgavenohintofwhattheythought,soIlefttheroomreally________.

A.tobeworriedB.toworry

C.havingworriedD.worried

2.Theoldhostessstood_____foramomentwhenshesawabeggarappearbeforehersuddenly.

A.surprisingB.surprised

C.surprisedlyD.tosurprise

3.【2008北京】Afterthelongjourney,thethreeofthemwentbackhome,_____.

A.hungryandtiredlyB.hungryandtired

C.hungrilyandtiredlyD.hungrilyandtired

4.【2009浙江】_____andshortofbreath,AndyandRubywerethefirsttoreachthetopofMountTai.

A.TobetriedB.Tired

C.TiringD.Beingtired

考点3.以-ly结尾的未必都是副词

下列单词以-ly结尾,但却是形容词而非副词:

lively,lonely,lovely,deadly,friendly,ugly,silly,likely,brotherly,timely等。

考点4.下列几组词,词尾有无-ly都可作副词

一些副词有副词原形和以-ly结尾两种形式。

大多数情况下,不以-ly结尾表“具体”,以-ly结尾表“抽象”。

1. close与closely

close意思是“近”;closely意思是“仔细地,密切地”。

如:

Heissittingclosetome.

Watchhimclosely.

2.late与lately

 late意思是“晚”;lately意思是“最近”。

如:

 Whathaveyoubeendoinglately?

3.deep与deeply

deep意思是“深”,表示空间深度;deeply时常表示感情上的深度,“深深地”。

如:

 Hepushedthestickdeepintothemud.

 EvenFatherwasdeeplymovedbythefilm.

4.high与highly

high表示空间高度;highly表示程度,相当于much。

如:

Theplanewasflyinghigh.

Ithinkhighlyofyouropinion.

5.wide与widely

wide表示空间宽度;widely意思是“广泛地”,“在许多地方”。

如:

Heopenedthedoorwide.

Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.

6.free与freely

free的意思是“免费的”;freely的意思是“无限制地”。

如:

Youcaneatfreeinmyrestaurantwheneveryoulike.

Youmayspeakfreely;saywhatyoulike.

5.【2002北京】Itwasrainingheavily.LittleMaryfeltcold,soshestood______tohermother.

A.closeB.closely

C.closedD.closing

6.Holdthebook______please,forIcan’tseethewordsinitclearly.

A.morecloserB.moreclosely

C.closelyD.closer

7.Althoughhewasdisabledwhenhewasonlytenyearsofage,yetheaimed______,forwhichhisclassmatesspoke______ofhim.

A.high;highB.highly;highly

C.highly;highD.high;highly

第2讲-ed形容词与-ing形容词

-ed形容词,通常说明人,意为“(某人)感到……”;-ing形容词通常说明事物,意为“(某事物)令人……”或“令人……的(事物)”。

 Hehasafrightenedlookonhisface.他脸上带有惊恐的神情。

(他感到恐惧)

Hehasafrighteninglookonhisface.他脸上带着令人恐惧的神情。

excite使人兴奋excited感到兴奋的exciting令人兴奋的

surprise使吃惊surprised感到吃惊的surprising令人吃惊的

amaze使惊奇amazed感到惊奇的amazing令人惊奇的

embarrass使窘迫embarrassed感到窘迫的embarrassing令人窘迫的

frustrate使沮丧frustrated感到沮丧的frustrating令人沮丧的

interest使感兴趣interested感到有兴趣的interesting令人感兴趣的

thrill使兴奋thrilled感到兴奋的thrilling令人兴奋的

terrify使恐惧terrified感到恐惧的terrifying令人恐惧的

please使高兴pleased感到高兴的pleasing令人高兴的

satisfy使满意satisfied感到满意的satisfying令人满意的

frighten使害怕frightened感到害怕的frightening令人害怕的

tire使疲倦tired感到疲倦的tiring令人疲倦的

bore使厌烦bored感到厌烦的boring令人厌烦的

relax使放松relaxed感到放松的relaxing令人放松的

fascinate使神魂颠倒fascinated感到神魂颠倒的fascinating令人神魂颠倒的

annoy使恼怒annoyed感到恼怒的annoying令人恼怒的

move使感动moved感到感动的moving令人感动的

worry使忧虑worried感到忧虑的worrying令人忧虑的

confuse使困惑confused感到困惑的confusing令人困惑的

touch使感动touched感到感动的touching令人感动的

disappoint使失望disappointed感到失望的disappointing令人失望的

shock使震惊shocked感到震惊的shocking令人震惊的

puzzle使迷惑puzzled感到迷惑的puzzling令人迷惑的

练习Ⅰ.用括号内所给动词的-ed形式或-ing形式填空。

1.Thechildrenwere_____afterthetrip.(tire)

2.Thetripwas_____.(tire)

3.The_____childrenwenttobedearlyafterthetrip.(tire)

4.The_____triplastedawholeday.(tire)

5.Thetripmadethechildren_____.(tire)

6.Thebadweathermadethetrip_____.(tire)

7.Tom’sparentsare_____athis_____resultsoftheexams.(disappoint)

8._____andangry,heleftthemeeting-room.(disappoint)

9.Itis_____thathedidn’tpasstheexamination.

(disappoint)

10.Whenhearingthe_____newsthatMichaelJacksonpassedaway,theywere_____tolookateachother.(surprise)

11.Hewas_____abouthis_____son.(worry)

12.I’mnot_____withhisinterpretationofthissentence.(satisfy)

13.Hewas_____withthe_____person.(annoy)

14.Apolicecarappearedontheroad,thethiefhada_____lookonhisface.(frighten)

15.Thesituationhereis_____andweare_____.(encourage)

16.Ifindtheshoppingvery_____.Igetvery_____insupermarkets.(bore)

17.Iam_____inscience.Ithinkit’svery_____.(interest)

18.Idon’tfindbasketball_____.Ionlyget_____whenIwatchfootball.(excite)

19.Hesaidhewas_____(please)withtheprogressofeconomy,butIfoundsomeofwhathesaidwas_____(worry).

Ⅱ.单项选择。

1.Fromhis_____voiceonthephoneIknoweverythingisgoingunderway.

A.satisfactoryB.satisfying

C.satisfiedD.satisfaction

2.【2002春】—I’mvery_____withmyowncooking.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious.

—Mm,itdoeshavea_____smell.

A.pleasant;pleased

B.pleased;pleased

C.pleasant;pleasant

D. pleased;pleasant

3.【2003北京春】Mr.Smith,_____ofthe_____speech,startedtoreadanovel.

A.tired;boringB.tiring;bored

C.tired;boredD.tiring;boring

4.【2004重庆】Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildren’sactionsagainstthelawsgetparents_____.

A.worriedB.toworried 

C.worryingD.worry

5.Hehadneverspenta______day.

A.moreworryB.mostworrying

C.moreworryingD.moreworried

6.【2006安徽】Tomsoundsverymuch______inthejob,butI’mnotsurewhetherhecanmanageit.

A.interestedB.interesting  

C.interestinglyD.interestedly

7.Howdidyoufindyourvisittothemuseum?

Ithoroughlyenjoyedit.Itwas_____thanIexpected.

A.farmoreinterestingB.evenmuchinterested

C.somoreinterestingD.alotmuchinterested

8.Poorboy!

His______looksand______handssugge

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