高考英语阅读理解和短文改错选练21.docx

高考英语阅读理解和短文改错选练21.docx

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高考英语阅读理解和短文改错选练21

（新课标）2016高考英语阅读理解和短文改错选练

（2）

阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项。

体裁：

记叙文　话题：

人物介绍　时间：

7分钟

Thesonofapianoproducer，ElwynBrooksWhitewasborninMountVernoninawealthyfamily.Andhewasraisedwiththemixofsophistication（高水平）andcommonsensethatwouldmarkhiswriting.

Aftergraduation，ElwynBrooksWhitespentayearasanewspaperreporterinNewYorkCity，andthendecidedtodriveacrossthecountrywithafriend.ThetripgaveElwynBrooksWhitealifetimeofanecdotes.“Whentheyranoutofmoney，”ElwynBrooksWhite'sfriend，JamesThurber，noted,“theyplayedfortheirsupperandtheirgasolineonaninterestingmusicalinstrumentthatElwynBrooksWhitehadmadeoutofsomepiecesofwireandanoldshoe.”

WhenElwynBrooksWhitereturnedtoNewYorkCityinthemid1920s，hespentafewyearsbouncingbetweenadvertisingjobsandunemploymentbeforetryinghishandagainatwriting.Notveryseriously，hesentsomeessaystoanewmagazinecalledTheNewYorker.Sinceitsfoundingin1925，themagazinehadstruggledtofindits_niche，andElwynBrooksWhite'sworkhelpedputTheNewYorkeronthemap.Hisessayswerefunnyandsophisticated；theyspokeequallytosocialites（社会名流）andcabdrivers，professorsandrepairmen.Throughhisessays，whichhewrotefornearly50years，ElwynBrooksWhitehelpedgiveTheNewYorkeritsvoiceandidentity.

In1945，alreadyaleadingliteraryfigure，ElwynBrooksWhiteswitchedtohissecondoccupationonwritingchildren'sbooks.HemovedfromNewYorktoafarminMaine，whereheraisedchickensandgeese.Seekingawaytoamusehisniecesandnephews，ElwynBrooksWhitestartedtowritestoriesforthem.“ChildrenwerealwaysaftermetotellthemastoryandIfoundIcouldn'tdoit，”hesaid.“SoIhadtogetitdownonpaper.”

BythetimehediedfromAlzheimer'sdiseasein1985，ElwynBrooksWhite'sessayshadappearedinmoreliterarycollectionsincollegesthanthoseofanyotherwriter.Manysaidhisessaysmatchedhispersonality:

sophisticatedwithoutbeingsimple，criticalwithoutbeingmean.

【语篇导读】　本文介绍了ElwynBrooksWhite的生平。

1．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?

A．ElwynBrooksWhitetookthetriptorealizehislifelongdream.

B．ThetriphadalastingeffectonElwynBrooksWhite'spersonality.

C．ThetravellingcompanionfoundElwynBrooksWhite'smusictalent.

D．ElwynBrooksWhitehadmanyexperiencestotalkaboutafterthetrip.

解析　细节理解题。

根据第二段的第二句话“ThetripgaveElwynBrooksWhitealifetimeofanecdotes.”可知D项正确。

答案　D

2．Theunderlinedpart“itsniche”inParagraph3meanssomethingthat______.

A．suitsitssponsors'tastes

B．protectsitssocialidentity

C．helpsbuilditsownstyle

D．voicesitsauthors'concern

解析　词义猜测题。

根据画线部分后面的“ElwynBrooksWhite'sworkhelpedputTheNewYorkeronthemap”以及该段最后一句话中的“ElwynBrooksWhitehelpedgiveTheNewYorkeritsvoiceandidentity”可知C项正确。

答案　C

3．WhatdoweknowaboutElwynBrooksWhite'sworks?

A．Theyoriginallycamefromthestoriestoldbyhisnieces.

B．Theywereintendedforpeopleofdifferentsocialstatus.

C．TheyhelpedTheNewYorkerfinditspositiononthemap.

D．Theywerechosenbycollegetextbookswhentheycameout.

解析　细节理解题。

由第三段的倒数第二句话“Hisessayswerefunnyandsophisticated；theyspokeequallytosocialites（社会名流）andcabdrivers，professorsandrepairmen.”可知，他的作品适合不同社会地位的人。

答案　B

【科普知识型---阅读理解】

It'sacommonbeliefthatovertime,petownersstarttolookliketheiranimals,andviceversa.Nowcomestheterrifyingnewsthatcatslookuptotheirownersasrolemodelsandcopytheirbehaviour.

Nexttimeyoureachforyourfridge,thinktwice.Ifyourkittyiswatching,sheislikelytoovereataswell.

Whatisyourcat'sIQ?

InanewstudyfromtheUniversityofMessina,itturnsoutthatindoorcatswholivecloselytotheirowners“mirror”thelivesoftheircaregivers.Theysleepatthesametime,eatatthesametime,andcanevenbecomemoreorlesssocialdependingonthebehaviouroftheirowners.

“Catsareintelligentanimalswithalongmemory,”JaneBrunt,theexecutivedirectoroftheCatalystCouncil,toldDiscoveryNews.“Theywatchandlearnfromus,notingthepatternsofouractions,knowingwheretheirfoodiskeptandwhattimetoexpecttobefed,howtoopenthecupboarddoorthat'sbeenimproperlyclosed,andwheretheirfeedingandtoiletingareasare.”Becausecatscopyourhabits,ifyouspendalotoftimeraiding（搜刮）thefridge,yourcatwillreturntoitsfoodbowlforthatmidnightsnack,too.Accordingtothestudy,thisexplainswhy“humanandcatoverweightratesoftenseemtomatch”．So,ifyoufeelguiltyaboutleavingyourpreciouskittyathomewhileyougotowork,nowyoucanfeelevenworse：

youaremakingyourcatfat!

There'snowordifdrinkinggreenteaandmakingsureyougotoyogawillbenefityour

cat,butbasedonthestudy,itsoundslikestickingtoahealthyeatingandsleepingscheduleisbestforbothofyou.

There'salotwecanlearnfromourcatsinreturn.“Whentheysitonourlapssoftlypurringwithrhythmicbreathingandhalfclosedeyes,thesenseofpeaceandcalmthatcomesoverusislikeaprivatelessonininnermeditation，”Bruntsaid.Sure.Butcatsdon'thavetositinrushhourtrafficforanhouradayorworryabouttheirinlaws.They'reprobablyprettygoodatremainingcalm.

So,accordingtoscience,eventhoughweassumethatcatsarenotclosetousalltheseyears,itturnsouttheyareinfact

learningfromusandlookinguptous.Scary,huh?

1．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A．Catscancopyhumans'schedule.

B．Humanscanlearnfromcatsinsomeway.

C．Catsaresmartandhavealongmemory.

D．Greenteaandyogacanbenefitcats.

2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inParagraph5referto?

A．Humans'keepingsearchingthefridge.

B．Cats'goingtotheirownersforfood.

C．Cats'copyinghumans'habitoflookingforfood.

D．Humans'leavingcatshomewhileworking.

3．Whatcanwelearnfromourcats?

A．Toremaincalm.B．Tobeabletocopy.

C．Tostayproud.D．Tolookuptofriends.

4．Thebesttitleforthepassagecouldbe“________”．

A．YourcatcanbringyoupleasureB．Youarecopyingyourcat

C．YoucanmakeyourcatsocialD．Yourcatiscopyingyourhabit

【要点综述】本文是一篇有关养宠物猫的科普文章。

宠物猫和主人待的时间长了会模仿主人的习惯，而人也能从猫身上学习一些好的习惯。

1．D　推理判断题。

根据文章的“There'snowordifdrinkinggreenteaandmakingsureyougotoyogawillbenefityourcat…”可知D项错误。

2．C　词义指代题。

根据画线这一段的内容可知this指代的是猫会模仿主人搜刮冰箱的习惯。

故选C项。

3．A　细节理解题。

根据文章倒数第二段内容，特别是最后一句“They'reprobablyprettygoodatremainingcalm.”可知A项正确。

4．D　主旨大意题。

本文是一篇有关养宠物猫的科普文章。

宠物猫和主人待的时间长了会模仿主人的习惯，而人也能从猫身上学习一些好

的习惯。

故选D项。

【由北京市丰台区2014高考模拟改编】

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Haveyoueverlookedtowardtheskyonafalldayandwitnessedagroupofmigratingbirds?

Ifso,youprobablynotedtheV-shapedformationofthebirdsorthebirdsflyinginaball-likeformation.Whydobirdsflythisway?

Manytheorieshavebeendevelopedtoexplaintheformationpatternsofdifferenttypesofbirds.

Onetheoryisthatbirdsflyincertainformationstotakeadvantageofthelawsofnature.ThebirdsknowthatflyinginaV-shapedpatternwillsaveenergy.Liketheleadcyclistinaracewhodecreaseswindforceforthecyclistswhofollow,theleadbirdcutswindforceforthebirdsthatfollow.Thisdecreaseinwindforcemeansthatthebirdsuseupto70percentlessenergyduringtheirflight.Whentheleadbirdbecomestired,amorerestedbirdtakesoverthatposition.

Butsavingenergyisimportantformorethanonereason.Sometimesfoodisshortduringmigrationflights.Keepingenergyenablesthebirdstoflylongerdistancesbetweenmeals.

Whenfoodissighted,thebirdsguideoneanotherinadifferentway.Whenabirdidentifiesafamiliarfeedingarea,itmightturnaroundinordertosignalthegrouptochangedirection.Then,thisbirdbecomesthenewleader.Ithelpsguaranteethatotherbirdswillknowexactlywhereitisgoing.Thenthewholegroupmakesachangeindirection,gentlystreamingfromtheskydowntotheground.Thisformationislikeanarrowpointingtothelocationoffood.

Scientistshavealsostudiedthebirdsthatsometimesflyinaball-likeformation.Researchersbelievethatthebirdscometogetherifapredator（天敌）isspotted.Thepredatormaythenbecomeimpatientwaitingforasinglebirdtoflyawayfromthegroup.Thebirdswilloftendipanddiveasagroup,frustratingeventhemostpersistentenemy.Scientistsreportthatthisisaveryeffectivemethodofdefenseagainstanattack.

Thebirdscarefortheirfellowfliersthroughteamwork.AstransportationexpertHenryFordoncesaid,“Ifeveryoneismovingforwardtogether,thensuccesstakescareofitself.”Whenitcomestoteamwork,thesefeatheredfliersareasoaringsuccess!

1.Accordingtothepassage,wecanlearnthatbirds___________.

A.movefasterthancyclists

B.prefertoflyinaVformation

C.aresmarterthanotheranimals

D.playdifferentrolesinaformation

2.Whenfoodissighted,____________.

A.thegroupfollowsthediscoverer

B.theleadbirddecideswhattodo

C.thediscovererleavesthegroup

D.thewholegroupformsastream

3.Toprotectthemselvesfromattack,birdswill_____________.

A.breakintogroupsB.comeclosetogether

C.changedirectionsD.flyupanddown

4.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.ABird’s-EyeViewofTeamwork.

B.SuccessTakesCareofItself.

C.TheStrongestWillSurvive.

D.AScienceBehindFlying.

【参考答案】1—4、DABA

短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。

错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：

在缺词处加一个漏词符号（^），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。

删除：

把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：

在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Maria,a91-year-oldwoman,hasanunbelievableexperiencelastweek