大学英语CET六级阅读模拟.docx

大学英语CET六级阅读模拟.docx

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大学英语CET六级阅读模拟

CET6模拟阅读练习

（A）

TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivate-enterprise，market-orientedeconomyinwhichconsumerslargelydeterminewhatshallbeproducedbyspendingtheirmoneyinthemarketplaceforthosegoodsandservicesthattheywantmost.Privatebusinessmen，strivingtomakeprofits，producethesegoodsandservicesincompetitionwithotherbusinessmen；andtheprofitmotive，operatingundercompetitivepressures，largelydetermineshowthesegoodsandservicesareproduced.Thus，intheAmericaneconomicsystemitisthedemandofindividualconsumers，coupledwiththedesireofbusinessmentomaximizeprofitsandthedesireofindividualstomaximizetheirincomes，thattogetherdeterminewhatshallbeproducedandhowresourcesareusedtoproduceit.

　　Animportantfactorinamarket-orientedeconomyisthemechanismbywhichconsumerdemandscanbeexpressedandrespondedtobyproducers.IntheAmericaneconomy，thismechanismisprovidedbyapricesystem，aprocessinwhichpricesriseandfallinresponsetorelativedemandsofconsumersandsuppliesofferedbyseller-producers.Iftheproductisinshortsupplyrelativetothedemand，thepricewillbebidupandsomeconsumerswillbeeliminatedfromthemarket.If，ontheotherhand，producingmoreofacommodityresultsinreducingitscost，thiswilltendtoincreasethesupplyofferedbyseller-producers，whichinturnwilllowerthepriceandpermitmoreconsumerstobuytheproduct.Thus，priceistheregulatingmechanismintheAmericaeconomicsystem.

　　Theimportantfactorinaprivate-enterpriseeconomyisthatindividualareallowedtoownproductiveresources（privateproperty），andtheyarepermittedtohirelabor，gaincontrolovernaturalresources，andproducegoodsandservicesforsaleataprofit.IntheAmericaneconomy，theconceptofprivatepropertyembracesnotonlytheownershipofproductiveresourcesbutalsocertainrights，includingtherighttodeterminethepriceofaproductortomakeafreecontractwithanotherprivateindividual.

　　1.InPara.1，“thedesireofindividualstomaximizetheirincomes”means___.

　　A.Americansneverfeelsatisfiedwiththeirincomes.

　　B.Americanstendtooverstatetheamountoftheirincomes.

　　C.Americanswanttohavetheirincomesincreased.

　　D.Americanswanttoincreasethepurchasingpoweroftheirincomes.

　　2.Thefirsttwosentencesinthesecondparagraphclaritytheideatousthat___.

　　A.producerscansatisfytheconsumersbymechanizedproduction.

　　B.consumerscanexpresstheirdemandsthroughproducers.

　　C.producersdecidethepricesofproducts.

　　D.supplyanddemandregulateprices.

　　3.Theword“embraces”inPara.3probablyparallels___.

　　A.enfold

　　B.hug

　　C.comprehend

　　D.support

　　4.Accordingtothepassage，aprivate-enterpriseeconomyischaracterizedby___.

　　A.privatepropertyandrightsconcerned.

　　B.manpowerandnaturalresourcescontrol.

　　C.ownershipofproductiveresources

　　D.freecontractsandprices.

　　5.Thepassageismainlytalkingabout___.

　　A.howAmericangoodsareproduced.

　　B.howAmericanconsumersbuytheirgoods.

　　C.howAmericaneconomicsystemworks.

　　D.howAmericanbusinessmanmaketheirprofits.

　　答案：

DDCAC

（B）

Therearevariouswaysinwhichindividualeconomicunitscaninteractwithoneanother.Threebasicwaysmaybedescribedasthemarketsystem，theadministeredsystem，andthetraditionalsystem.

　　Inamarketsystemindividualeconomicunitsarefreetointeractamongeachotherinthemarketplace.Itispossibletobuycommoditiesfromothereconomicunitsorsellcommoditiestothem.Inamarket，transactionsmaytakeplaceviabarterormoneyexchange.Inabartereconomy，realgoodssuchasautomobiles，shoes，andpizzasaretradedagainsteachother.Obviously，findingsomebodywhowantstotrademyoldcarinexchangeforasailboatmaynotalwaysbeaneasytask.Hence，theintroductionofmoneyasamediumofexchangeeasestransactionsconsiderably.Inthemodernmarketeconomy，goodsandservicesareboughtorsoldformoney.

　　Analternativetothemarketsystemisadministrativecontrolbysomeagencyoveralltransactions.Thisagencywillissueedictsorcommandsastohowmuchofeachgoodandserviceshouldbeproduced，exchanged，andconsumedbyeacheconomicunit.Centralplanningmaybeonewayofadministeringsuchaneconomy.Thecentralplan，drawnupbythegovernment，showstheamountsofeachcommodityproducedbythevariousfirmsandallocatedtodifferenthouseholdsforconsumption.Thisisanexampleofcompleteplanningofproduction，consumption，andexchangeforthewholeeconomy.

　　Inatraditionalsociety，productionandconsumptionpatternsaregovernedbytradition；everyperson‘splacewithintheeconomicsystemisfixedbyparentage，religion，andcustom.Transactionstakeplaceonthebasisoftr