博雅学校雅思阅读模拟题及答案三ver5.docx

博雅学校雅思阅读模拟题及答案三ver5.docx

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博雅学校雅思阅读模拟题及答案三ver5

ReadingPassage1

Networking

Networkingasaconcepthasacquiredwhatisinalltruthanunjustifiedairofmodernity.Itisconsideredinthecorporateworldasanessentialtoolforthemodernbusinessperson,astheytrotroundtheglobedrummingupbusinessforthemselvesoracorporation.Theconceptiswornlikeabadgeofdistinction,andnotjustinthebusinessworld.

Peoplecanbedividedbasicallyintothosewhokeepknowledgeandtheirpersonalcontactstothemselves,andthosewhoarepreparedtosharewhattheyknowandindeedtheirfriendswithothers.Apersonwhoisinsecure,forexamplesomeonewhofindsitdifficulttoshareinformationwithothersandwhoisunabletobringpeople,includingfriends,togetherdoesnotmakeagoodnetworker.Theclassicnetworkerissomeonewhoisstrongenoughwithinthemselvestoconnectdifferentpeopleincludingclosefriendswitheachother.Forexample,abusinessmanoranacademicmaymeetsomeonewhoislikelytobeavaluablecontactinthefuture,butatthemomentthatpersonmaybenefitfrommeetinganotherassociateorfriend.

Ittakesquiteasecurepersontobringthesepeopletogetherandallowarelationshiptodevelopindependentlyofhimself.Fromthenon-networker'spointofviewsuchadevelopmentmaybeintolerable,especiallyifitishappeningoutsidetheircontrol.Theunfortunatethinghereisthattheinitiatorofthecontact,ifhedidbutknowit,wouldbetheonetobenefitmost.Andwhy?

Becauseallthingsbeingequal,peoplemovewithincirclesandthatpersonhasthepotentialofbeingsuckedintoevergrowingspheresofnewcontacts.Itissaidthat,ifyouknoweightpeople,youareintouchwitheveryoneintheworld.Itdoesnottakemuchcommonsensetorealizethepotentialforanykindofventureasoneisabletodrawontheexperienceofmoreandmorepeople.

Unfortunately,makingnewcontacts,businessorotherwise,whileitbringssuccess,doescauseproblems.Itenlargestheindividual'sworld.Thisisintruthnotaltogetherabadthing,butitputsmorepressureonthenetworkerthroughhishavingtomaintainaneverlargercircleofpeople.Themostconvenientwayoutis,perhaps,toculloldcontacts,butthiswouldbeanathematoournetworkerasitwoulddefeatthewholepurposeofnetworking.Anotherproblemisthereactionoffriendsandassociates.Spreadingoneselfthinlygivesonelesstimeforotherswhowereperhapsclosertooneinthepast.Intheworkplace,thiscancausetensionwithjealouscolleagues,andevenwithsuperiorswhomightbetemptedtoreininamoresuccessfulinferior.Jealousyandenvycanprovetobeverydetrimentalifoneisfacedwithaveryinsecuremanager,asthispersonmayseektostiflesomeone'scareerorevenblockitcompletely.

Theanswerhereistoletone'ssuperiorsshareintheglory;tothrowthemafewcrumbsofcomfort.Itiscalledleadershipfromthebottom.Inthepresentbusinessclimate,companiesandenterprisesneedtoco-operatewitheachotherinordertoexpand.Asglobalizationgrowsapace,companiesneedtobeabletospannotjustcountriesbutcontinents.Whilstpeoplemayrailagainstthisdevelopmentitisforthemomentheretostay.Withoutco-operationandcontacts,specialistcompanieswillnotsurviveforlong.Computercomponents,forexample,needtobecompatiblewiththevariousmachinesonthemarketandtoachievethis,firmsneedtoworkinconjunctionwithothers.Nobusinessorinstitutioncanaffordtobeanislandintoday'senvironment.Inthenotverydistantpast,itwaspossibleforcompaniestogoitalone,butitisnowmoredifficulttodoso.

Thesameappliesintheacademicworld,whereideashavebeenjealouslyguarded.Theopening-upofuniversitiesandcollegestotheoutsideworldinrecentyearshasbeenofenormousbenefittoindustryandeducationalinstitutions.Thestereotypicalacademicisonewhomovesinararefiedatmospherelivingalifeofsometimessplendidisolation,aprisoneroftheirowngenius.Thissortofpersondoesnotfiteasilyintothemouldofthemodernnetworker.Yeteventhisinsularworldischanging.Theivorytowersarebeingleftevermorefrequentlyaseducationalexpertsforgelinkswithotherbodies;sometimestostunningeffectasinSiliconValleyinAmericaandaroundCambridgeinEngland,whichnowhasoneofthemostconcentratedclustersofhightechcompaniesinEurope.

Itisthenetworkers,thewheeler-dealers,themoversandshakers,callthemwhatyouwill,thatcarrytheworldalong.TheworldoftheNeanderthalswasshakenbetween35,000and40,000BC;theyweresupersededbyHomoSapienswiththevery'networking'skillsthatseparateusfromotheranimals:

understanding,thoughtabstractionandculture,whichareinextricablylinkedtoplanningsurvivalandproductivityinhumans.Itissaidthemeekwillinherittheearth.Butwillthey?

Questions1-5

Dothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgivenin ReadingPassage1?

Inboxes11-13onyouranswersheet,write

YES

ifthestatementagreeswiththewriter'sclaims

NO

ifthestatementcontradictsthewriter'sclaims

NOTGIVEN

ifthereisimpossibletosaywhatthewriterthinksaboutthis

Example

Answer

Networkingisaconcept

Yes

1 Networkingisnotamodernidea.

2 Networkingiswornlikeabadgeexclusivelyinthebusinessworld.

3 Peoplefallintotwobasiccategories.

4 Apersonwhosharesknowledgeandfriendsmakesabetternetworkerthanonewhodoesnot.

5 Theclassicnetworkerisphysicallystrongandgenerallyingoodhealth.

Questions6-10

Using NOMORETHANTHREEWORDS fromthepassage,completethesentencesbelow.

6 Makingnewacquaintances ........................................ butalsohasitsdisadvantages.

7 Atwork,problemscanbecausedifthemanageris ........................................ .

8 Amanagercansuppress,oreventotally ........................................ thecareerofanemployee.

9 Inbusinesstoday,workingtogetherisnecessaryinorderfor........................................ togrow.

10 Businessesthatspecializewillnotlastforlongwithout ........................................ .

Questions11-15

Using NOMORETHANTHREEWORDS fromthepassage,completethesentencesbelow.

11 Inwhichsphereoflifehaveideasbeenprotectedjealously?

12 Whichtypeofindividualdoesnoteasilybecomeamodernnetworker?

13 WhereisoneofthegreatestconcentrationsofhightechcompaniesinEurope?

14 WhoreplacedtheNeanderthals?

15 What,aswellasunderstandingandthoughtabstraction,setsusapartfromotheranimals?

ReadingPassage2

ASILENTFORCE

A

ThereisalegendthatStAugustineinthefourthcenturyADwasthefirstindividualtobeseenreadingsilentlyratherthanaloud,orsemi-aloud,ashadbeenthepracticehitherto.ReadinghascomealongwaysinceAugustine'sday.Therewasatimewhenitwasamenialjobofscribesandpriests,notthemarkofcivilizationitbecameinEuropeduringtheRenaissancewhenitwasseenasoneoftheattributesofthecivilizedindividual.

B

Modernnationsarenowseriouslyaffectedbytheirlevelsofliteracy.WhiletheWesternworldhasseenanoticeabledeclineintheseareas,otherlessdevelopedcountrieshaveadvancedand,insomecases,overtakentheWest.India,forexample,nowhasalargepoolofeducatedworkers.SoEuropeancountriescannolongerrestontheirlaurelsastheyhavedoneforfartoolong;otherwise,theyareindangeroffallingevenfurtherbehindeconomically.

C

Itisdifficultinthemodernworldtodoanythingotherthanabasicjobwithoutbeingabletoread.Readingasaskillisthekeytoaneducatedworkforce,whichinturnisthebedrockofeconomicadvancement,particularlyinthepresenttechnologicalage.StudieshaveshownthatbyincreasingtheliteracyandnumeracyskillsofprimaryschoolchildrenintheUK,thebenefittotheeconomygenerallyisinbillionsofpounds.Theskillofreadingisnownomorejustanintellectualorleisureactivity,butratherafully-fledgedeconomicforce.

D

Partoftheproblemwithreadingisthatitisaskillwhichisnotappreciatedinmostdevelopedsocieties.ThisisanattitudethathascondemnedlargeswathesofthepopulationinmostWesternnationstoilliteracy.ItmightsurprisepeopleincountriesoutsidetheWesttolearnthatintheUnitedKingdom,andindeedinsomeotherEuropeancountries,theliteracyratehasfallentobelowthatofso-calledlessdevelopedcountries.

E

Therearealsoforcesconspiringagainstreadinginourmodernsociety.ItisnotseenascoolamongayoungergenerationmoreathomewithcomputerscreensoraWalkman.Thesolitudeofreadingisnotveryappealing.Studentsatschool,collegeoruniversitywhoreadalotarecalledbookworms.Thetermindicatesthecontemptinwhichreadingandlearningareheldincertaincirclesorsubcultures.Itisacriticism,likeallsuchattacks,drivenbytheinsecurityofthosewhoarenotliterateoraresemi-literate.Criticismisalsoameans,likeallbullying,ofkeepingpeersinplacesothattheydonotstepoutofline.Peerpressureamongyoungpeopleissopowerfulthatitoftenkillsanyattemptstochangeattitudestohabitslikereading.

F

Butthenegativeconnotationsapart,ismodernWesternsocietystandingCanute-likeagainstanuncontrollablespiralofdecline?

Ithinknot.

G

Howshouldpeoplebeencouragedtoreadmore?

Itcaneasilybedonebyincreasingbasicreadingskillsatanearlyageandencouragingyoungpeopletoborrowbooksfromschools.Someschoolshaveclassroomlibrariesaswellasschoollibraries.Itisnogoodwaitinguntilpupilsareintheirsecondaryschooltoencourageaninterestinbooks;