中文常用习语俗语常用成语英文翻译.docx

中文常用习语俗语常用成语英文翻译.docx

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中文常用习语俗语常用成语英文翻译

明枪易躲，暗箭难防Itiseasytododgeaspearintheopen,buthardtoguardagainstanarrowshotfromhiding.

城门失火，殃及池鱼Afireoncitywallbringsdisastertothefishinthemoat.

路遥知马力，日久见人心Asalongroadtestsahorse’sstrength,soalongtaskprovesaperson’sheart.

初生牛犊不怕虎New-borncalvesmakelittleoftigers.

口蜜腹剑tobehoney-mouthedanddagger-hearted

声东击西toshoutintheeastandstrikeinthewest

刻骨铭心 tobeengravedonone’sheartandbones

引狼入室toleadawolfintothehouse

〔cf.tosetthewolftokeepthesheep）

打落水狗tobeatthedoginthewater

重见天日toseethedaylightagain

百川归海Allriversflowintothesea.

画饼充饥todrawcakestoallayhunger

所以这纨虽青春丧偶，且处在膏梁锦绣之中，竟如“槁木死灰〞一般，一概不问。

〔?

红楼梦?

〕

Sothisyoungwidowlivinginthelapofluxurywasnobetteroffthanwitheredwoodorcoldashes,takingnointerestintheoutsideworld.

他一家子在这儿，他的房子、地在这儿，他跑？

跑得了和尚跑不了庙。

〔周立波：

?

暴风骤雨?

〕

Escape?

Buthishomeandpropertycan’tescape.Themonkmayrunaway,butthetemplecan’trunwithhim.

咳！

这一来，竹篮子打水一场空了。

〔梁斌：

?

红旗谱?

〕

Ah！

Weweredrawingwaterinabamboobasket.

三个臭皮匠，胜过诸亮。

ThewitofthreecobblersbinedsurpassesthatofZhugeLiangthemastermind.  〔增加词语，提供背景知识〕

班门弄斧 showoffone’sproficiencywithaxebeforeLuBan,themastercarpenter〔增加词语，以表达原文涵意义、提供背景知识〕

胸有成竹

tohaveabambooinhisstomach

tohaveawell-thought-outplanbeforedoingsomething

桃满天下

tohavethepeachesandplumsallovertheworld

tohavestudentsallovertheworld

用典的习语往往不能保存比喻形象

叶公好龙

professedloveofwhatonereallyfears

东施效颦

crudeimitationwithludicrouseffect

南柯一梦

afonddream orillusoryjoy/fonddream

四面楚歌

tobebesiegedonallsides

悬梁刺股

tobeextremelyhard-workinginone’sstudy

初出茅庐

atthebeginningofone’scareer

罄竹难书

（ofcrime）toonumeroustomention

失之东隅收之桑榆Whatonelosesontheswings,onegetsbackontheroundabouts.

塞翁失马安知非福？

Alossmayturnouttobeagain.

庆父不除鲁难未已Therewillalwaysbetroubleuntilthetrouble-makerisremoved.

几乎不含文化因子的比喻形象往往不能保存

眉飞色舞

hiseyebrowsareflyingandhiscountenanceisdancing

tobeamwithjoy

粗枝大叶

withbigbranchesandlargeleaves

tobecrudeandcareless

灯红酒绿

withredlightsandgreenwine

dissipatedandluxurious

扬眉吐气

toraisetheeyebrowsandletoutabreath

tofeelproudandelated

无孔不入

togetintoeveryhole

totakeadvantageofeveryweakness

开门见山

toopenthedoorandseethemountain

toestraighttothepoint

纸醉金迷

withdrunkenpaperandbewitchedgold

（alifeof）luxuryanddissipation

风雨飘摇

thewindandrainarerocking

（ofasituation）beingunstable

小题大做makeamountainoutofamolehill

赴汤蹈火gothroughfireandwater

过河拆桥kickdowntheladder

格格不入belikesquarepegsinroundholes

魂不附体jumpoutofone’sskin

乳臭未干bewetbehindtheears

空中楼阁castleintheair

浑水摸鱼tofishintroubledwater

班门弄斧toteachfishtoswim

暗送秋波tomakeeyeat

掌上明珠 theappleofone’seye

一丘之貉birdsofafeatherflocktogether

家丑不可外扬Itisanillbirdthatfoulsitsownnest.

cutinajoke              插科打诨

speakone’smind   畅所欲言

beafterone’sownheart  满意如意

atone’sfinger-tips             了如指掌

fishintroubledwaters  混水摸鱼

thousandsuponthousandsof 成千上万

indeepwater   水深炽热

turnupone’snoseat  嗤之以鼻

skinandbones   皮包骨头

touchandgo            一触即发

fromthecradletothegrave         一生一世

hitthenailonthehead  一语道破

makefishofoneandfleshofanother  厚此薄彼

licksb’sboots                      巴结

sticktoone’slast            安分守己

keepsthunderone’shat                   

eatone’sheartout                            极度悲哀

beinsb’s pocket            被某人操纵

beinirons            被监禁

wearone’sheartonone’ssleeve       表露感情

putone’scardsonthetable        说明观点

eatlikeabird                    吃得极少

catchfortywinks   打盹儿

breaktheice    打破僵局

jumpoutofone’sskin  大吃一惊

getcoldfeet    害怕 

bedrivenfrompillartopost 被逼得走投无路

walkonair    得意洋洋

getthegreenlight   得到许可

mendone’sfences   改善关系

pokeone’snoseintosth  干预

turnthumbsdownonsth  反对

充耳不闻  turnadeafearto

出人头地  beheadandshouldersaboveothers

吹毛求疵  pickaholeinsb’scoat

破釜沉舟  burnone’sboat

大惊小怪  makeafussabout

大海捞针  lookforaneedleinabundleofhay

颠倒黑白  talkblackintowhite

得意忘形  haveone’snoseintheair

攀龙附凤  worshiptherisingsun

大发雷霆  hittheceiling;flyintoarage

骑虎难下  holdawolfbytheears

视而不见  turnablindeyeto

大吵大闹 raisetheroof

公开认错 standinawhitesheet

有花不完的钱haveenoughmoneytoburn

话中有话 withthetongueinthecheek

获得全胜 sweeptheboard

机敏 keepone’seyesontheball

坚决反对 putone’sfootdown;setone’sfaceagainst

简言之 inanutshell

幸运 bytheskinofone’steeth

结为良缘 winthehandof

鸡毛蒜皮  trifling

开门见山  estraighttothepoint

 狗急跳墙 dosthdesperate

顺手牵羊  walkoffwithsth

守株待兔  trusttochanceandstrokeofluck

铜墙铁壁  animpregnablefortress

唇枪舌剑  engageinabattleofwords

黔驴技穷  atone’swit’send

单枪匹马  allbyoneself

生龙活虎  burstingwithenergy

截然不同 oilandvinegar

家丑 askeletoninthecupboard;afamilyskeleton

觉得可疑 smellarat

鲁莽的人 abullinachinashop

捏造 pullsthoutofone’shat

揭发 putthefingeron 

干苦差事 hold[carry]thebaby

反响快 quickonthetrigger;thinkonone’sfeet

恻隐之心 themilkofhumankindness

 keepsthunderone’shat

注意形象的不同

胆小如鼠astimidasahare

如鱼得水likeaducktowater

多如牛毛asplentifulasblackberries

一箭之遥atastone’sthrow

水中捞月tofishintheair

半瓶子醋half-baked

蠢得像猪asstupidasagoose

害群之马　blacksheep

挥金如土tospendmoneylikewater

烂醉如泥drunkasasailor

热锅上的蚂蚁likeacatonahottinroof

瘦得像猴子asthinasashadow

如履薄冰totreaduponeggs

棋逢敌手diamondcutdiamond

挂羊头卖狗肉cryupwineandsellvinegar

火上加油toaddfueltothefire

趁热打铁Strikewhiletheironishot.

隔墙有耳Wallshaveears.

眼见为实Seeingisbelieving.

沧海一粟adropintheocean

破釜沉舟burnone’sboat

竭泽而渔

todrainapondtocatchall thefish

tokillthegoosethatlaysthegoldeneggs

打草惊蛇

tostirupthegrassandalertthesnake

towakeasleepingdog

易如反掌

tobeaseasyasturningoverone’shand

aseasyasfallingoffalog

掌上明珠

apearlinthepalm

theappleofone’seye

守口如瓶

tokeepone’smouthclosedlikeabottle

tokeepastilltongueinone’shead

雪中送炭

tosendcharcoalinsnowyweather

tohelpalamedogoverastile

画蛇添足

todrawasnakeandaddfeettoit

topaintthelily