中文常用习语俗语常用成语英文翻译.docx
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中文常用习语俗语常用成语英文翻译
城门失火,殃及池鱼Afireoncitywallbringsdisastertothefishinthemoat.
路遥知马力,日久见人心Asalongroadtestsahorse’sstrength,soalongtaskprovesaperson’sheart.
初生牛犊不怕虎New-borncalvesmakelittleoftigers.
口蜜腹剑tobehoney-mouthedanddagger-hearted
声东击西toshoutintheeastandstrikeinthewest
刻骨铭心 tobeengravedonone’sheartandbones
引狼入室toleadawolfintothehouse
(cf.tosetthewolftokeepthesheep)
打落水狗tobeatthedoginthewater
重见天日toseethedaylightagain
百川归海Allriversflowintothesea.
画饼充饥todrawcakestoallayhunger
所以这李纨虽青春丧偶,且处在膏梁锦绣之中,竟如“槁木死灰”一般,一概不问。
(《红楼梦》)
Sothisyoungwidowlivinginthelapofluxurywasnobetteroffthanwitheredwoodorcoldashes,takingnointerestintheoutsideworld.
他一家子在这儿,他的房子、地在这儿,他跑?
跑得了和尚跑不了庙。
(周立波:
《暴风骤雨》)
Escape?
Buthishomeandpropertycan’tescape.Themonkmayrunaway,butthetemplecan’trunwithhim.
咳!
这一来,竹篮子打水一场空了。
(梁斌:
《红旗谱》)
Ah!
Weweredrawingwaterinabamboobasket.
三个臭皮匠,胜过诸葛亮。
ThewitofthreecobblerscombinedsurpassesthatofZhugeLiangthemastermind. (增加词语,提供背景知识)
班门弄斧 showoffone’sproficiencywithaxebeforeLuBan,themastercarpenter(增加词语,以表达原文内涵意义、提供背景知识)
胸有成竹
tohaveabambooinhisstomach
tohaveawell-thought-outplanbeforedoingsomething
桃李满天下
tohavethepeachesandplumsallovertheworld
tohavestudentsallovertheworld
用典的习语往往不能保留比喻形象
叶公好龙
professedloveofwhatonereallyfears
东施效颦
crudeimitationwithludicrouseffect
南柯一梦
afonddream orillusoryjoy/fonddream
四面楚歌
tobebesiegedonallsides
悬梁刺股
tobeextremelyhard-workinginone’sstudy
初出茅庐
atthebeginningofone’scareer
罄竹难书
(ofcrime)toonumeroustomention
失之东隅收之桑榆Whatonelosesontheswings,onegetsbackontheroundabouts.
塞翁失马安知非福?
Alossmayturnouttobeagain.
庆父不除鲁难未已Therewillalwaysbetroubleuntilthetrouble-makerisremoved.
几乎不含文化因子的比喻形象往往不能保留
眉飞色舞
hiseyebrowsareflyingandhiscountenanceisdancing
tobeamwithjoy
粗枝大叶
withbigbranchesandlargeleaves
tobecrudeandcareless
灯红酒绿
withredlightsandgreenwine
dissipatedandluxurious
扬眉吐气
toraisetheeyebrowsandletoutabreath
tofeelproudandelated
无孔不入
togetintoeveryhole
totakeadvantageofeveryweakness
开门见山
toopenthedoorandseethemountain
tocomestraighttothepoint
纸醉金迷
withdrunkenpaperandbewitchedgold
(alifeof)luxuryanddissipation
风雨飘摇
thewindandrainarerocking
(ofasituation)beingunstable
小题大做makeamountainoutofamolehill
赴汤蹈火gothroughfireandwater
过河拆桥kickdowntheladder
格格不入belikesquarepegsinroundholes
魂不附体jumpoutofone’sskin
乳臭未干bewetbehindtheears
空中楼阁castleintheair
浑水摸鱼tofishintroubledwater
班门弄斧toteachfishtoswim
暗送秋波tomakeeyeat
掌上明珠 theappleofone’seye
一丘之貉birdsofafeatherflocktogether
家丑不可外扬Itisanillbirdthatfoulsitsownnest.
cutinajoke 插科打诨
speakone’smind 畅所欲言
beafterone’sownheart 称心如意
atone’sfinger-tips 了如指掌
fishintroubledwaters 混水摸鱼
thousandsuponthousandsof 成千上万
indeepwater 水深火热
turnupone’snoseat 嗤之以鼻
skinandbones 皮包骨头
touchandgo 一触即发
fromthecradletothegrave 一生一世
hitthenailonthehead 一语道破
makefishofoneandfleshofanother 厚此薄彼
licksb’sboots 巴结
sticktoone’slast 安分守己
keepsthunderone’shat 保密
eatone’sheartout 极度悲痛
beinsb’s pocket 被某人操纵
beinirons 被监禁
wearone’sheartonone’ssleeve 表露感情
putone’scardsonthetable 表明观点
eatlikeabird 吃得极少
catchfortywinks 打盹儿
breaktheice 打破僵局
jumpoutofone’sskin 大吃一惊
getcoldfeet 胆怯
bedrivenfrompillartopost 被逼得走投无路
walkonair 得意洋洋
getthegreenlight 得到许可
mendone’sfences 改善关系
pokeone’snoseintosth 干涉
turnthumbsdownonsth 反对
充耳不闻 turnadeafearto
出人头地 beheadandshouldersaboveothers
吹毛求疵 pickaholeinsb’scoat
破釜沉舟 burnone’sboat
大惊小怪 makeafussabout
大海捞针 lookforaneedleinabundleofhay
颠倒黑白 talkblackintowhite
得意忘形 haveone’snoseintheair
攀龙附凤 worshiptherisingsun
大发雷霆 hittheceiling;flyintoarage
骑虎难下 holdawolfbytheears
视而不见 turnablindeyeto
大吵大闹 raisetheroof
公开认错 standinawhitesheet
有花不完的钱haveenoughmoneytoburn
话中有话 withthetongueinthecheek
获得全胜 sweeptheboard
机敏 keepone’seyesontheball
坚决反对 putone’sfootdown;setone’sfaceagainst
简言之 inanutshell
侥幸 bytheskinofone’steeth
结为良缘 winthehandof
鸡毛蒜皮 trifling
开门见山 comestraighttothepoint
狗急跳墙 dosthdesperate
顺手牵羊 walkoffwithsth
守株待兔 trusttochanceandstrokeofluck
铜墙铁壁 animpregnablefortress
唇枪舌剑 engageinabattleofwords
黔驴技穷 atone’swit’send
单枪匹马 allbyoneself
生龙活虎 burstingwithenergy
截然不同