重庆市中考英语二轮语法突破 动词及动词短语训练题.docx
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重庆市中考英语二轮语法突破动词及动词短语训练题
专题八 动词及动词短语
中考体验
1.(2018·重庆B卷)Thecake________delicious.I'dliketohaveanotherone.
A.tastesB.looks
C.soundsD.feels
答案:
A
2.(2018·重庆B卷)Please________theTV.It'stimetogotobed.
A.turnonB.turnoff
C.putonD.putoff
答案:
B
3.(2017·重庆A卷)Therearesomanyfishswimminginthepool.They________veryhappy.
A.tasteB.smell
C.soundD.look
答案:
D
4.(2017·重庆A卷)Noonecanberightallthetime.Whenpeoplemakemistakes,weshouldn't________them.
A.waitforB.sendfor
C.knockatD.laughat
答案:
D
5.(2017·重庆B卷)It'snotagoodhabitto________whatyoucandotodaytilltomorrow.
A.takeoffB.putoff
C.getoffD.turnoff
答案:
B
6.(2016·重庆A卷)Atruefriendwillnever________fromyouwhenyouareintrouble.
A.takeawayB.runaway
C.putoffD.getoff
答案:
B
7.(2015·重庆A卷)Theyall________Lauraaboutbuildingamuseumhere.
A.waitedforB.handedin
C.agreedwithD.knockedwith
答案:
C
8.(2013·重庆A卷)We'll________anEnglishplay“SnowWhite”duringthisyear'sArtFestival.
A.lookupB.lookout
C.putoffD.puton
答案:
D
考点聚集
考点1动词的分类及基本形式
1.动词的分类
动词分为:
实义动词,系动词,助动词和情态动词四大类。
2.动词的基本形式
(1)动词第三人称单数形式的构成原则
(2)动词现在分词的构成规则
(3)规则动词过去式的构成规则
用所给单词的适当形式填空
①Here________(be)somebooksforyou,Tom.
②Thegirl________(have)herownideaaboutthismatter.
③Look,thechildren________(swim)intheswimmingpool.
④He________(take)partinMary'spartyandhadagoodtime.
⑤—Youmustn't________(park)here!
Lookatthesign,itsays“Noparking”.
—Sorry,Ididn'tnoticethatsignjustnow.
答案:
①are ②has ③areswimming ④took ⑤park
考点2系动词
系动词的分类
类别
功能
例词
表示状态的系动词
表示主语所处的状态
be
表示持续的系动词
表示主语继续或保持某种身份或状态
keep,remain,stay,stand,lie
表示感官的系动词
表示人体的感觉
look,feel,smell,
taste,sound
表示状态变化的系动词
表示主语从一种状态变换成另一种状态
become,get,go,
grow,turn
(1)一般情况下,系动词没有被动语态。
(2)表示状态变化的系动词在表示“渐渐……”时,可用于进行时。
It'sgettingwarmerandwarmer.
天气渐渐变得暖和。
①Thispairofshoes________mewell,buttheshoes________expensive.
A.fit;areB.fits;are
C.fits;isD.fit;is
②—Mom,whatareyoucookinginthekitchen?
It________reallydelicious!
—Comeandhaveatry.It'sfish.Yourfavorite.
A.looksB.sounds
C.tastesD.smells
③—________thisyourfamily?
—Yes,these________myparentsandthosearemybrothers.
A.Is;areB.Are;are
C.Is;isD.Are;is
④Itwasherjobto________theroomclean.
A.lookB.get
C.keepD.smell
⑤Look!
Theleaves________brown.
A.areturningB.arekeeping
C.arelookingD.arerunning
答案:
①B ②D ③A ④C ⑤A
考点3及物动词和不及物动词
1.英语的实义动词又可分为及物动词和不及物动词两大类:
后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的叫及物动词;本身意义完整,后面不需跟宾语的叫不及物动词。
2.有些动词通常只作不及物动词。
如:
go,walk,work,lie,listen,rise,arrive等。
有些动词通常用作及物动词。
如:
love,ask,say,raise,lay,find,buy等。
3.大多数动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词。
如:
study,sing等。
4.有些动词作及物动词与作不及物动词时的意义有所不同。
如:
know,wash等。
5.有些动词常和介词、副词或其他词类构成固定词组,形成动词短语。
如listen,wait,look等。
①Theyeach________aCDintheirbags.
A.haveB.has
C.isD.are
②Doyouknowwhat________yesterday?
A.happenedB.happens
C.washappenedD.ishappened
③Ourgeographyteachertoldusthesun________intheeastandsetsinthewest.
A.getsB.faces
C.risesD.lifts
④Tom,aswellashisclassmates________playingfootballverymuch.
A.likeB.likes
C.islikeD.islikes
⑤—Wheredidyou________threedaysago?
—I________toShanghaiwithmyfather.
A.went;wentB.go;go
C.went;goD.go;went
答案:
①A ②A ③C ④B ⑤D
考点4助动词
助动词本身无词义,不能单独作谓语,常见的助动词有be,do,have,will(would),shall(should)等。
它们在句中与实义动词一起构成各种时态、语态和语气以及否定用法和疑问结构。
分类
用法
示例
be
am/is/are+v.ing
was/were+v.ing
willbe+v.ing
wouldbe+v.ing
Thelittleboyisclimbingatree.那小男孩在爬树。
Theywerehavingsupperwhenthetelephonerang.他们正在吃晚饭,这时电话铃响了。
do/does
/did
do/does/did+动词原形,构成否定句、疑问句
Idon'tcarewhatshesaid.我不在乎她说了什么。
have/has
/had
have/has/had+v.ed
LucyhadleftwhenIgotthere.当我到达那里时,露西已经离开了。
will/
shall
will/shall+动词原形
Whenshallwemeetagain?
什么时候我们再聚?
①—Whokeptsomanychickens?
—Myaunt________.
A.isB.was
C.doesD.did
②Atfirstshe________likemaths,butnowshe________.
A.didn't;didB.doesn't;does
C.didn't;doesD.doesn't;did
③—________yourauntlikerice?
—Sorry,I________know.
A.Does;doesn'tB.Do;don't
C.Does;don'tD.Do;doesn't
④—Pleasecometoschoolearliertomorrow,Kate.
—OK.I________.
A.willB.won't
C.wouldD.wouldn't
⑤EveryoneexceptTomandJohn________seenthefilm.
A.isB.has
C.areD.have
答案:
①D ②C ③C ④A ⑤B
考点5情态动词
情态动词本身有一定的词义,后接动词原形,表示说话人的语气和情态。
情态动词没有人称和数的变化。
情态动词的用法
(1)must引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答常用must,否定回答常用needn't/don'thaveto。
—MustIfinishmyhomeworktoday?
—Yes,youmust./No,youneedn't.
——今天我必须完成我的家庭作业吗?
——是的,你必须完成。
/不,你不需要。
(2)need引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答常用must或haveto;否定回答常用needn't。
—NeedIanswerthequestion?
—Yes,youmust/haveto./No,youneedn't.
——我必须回答这个问题吗?
——是的,你必须回答。
/不,你不需要。
①—Ihaveacold.Youarenearthewindow.________pleasecloseit?
—OK.Youshouldlookafteryourselfwell.
A.CouldIB.Couldyou
C.CanID.Canyou
②Youdon'tlookwell.You________stayinbedandhavearest.
A.shouldB.willnot
C.can'tD.would
③—Listen!
Someoneissinginginthenextroom.Who________itbe?
IsitLinda?
—No,it________beher.Sheisatschoolnow.
A.may;can'tB.must;mustn't
C.will;maynotD.may;won't
④—________Iswimhere?
—I'msorry.Children________swimalonehere.
A.Must;can'tB.May;must
C.Can;mustn'tD.Can't;can
⑤—MustIsingthesongLiveItUpatthepartynextweekend?
—No,you________.You________singotherslikeYouRaiseMeUp.
A.can't;mustB.mustn't;can
C.maynot;mustD.needn't;may
答案:
①B ②A ③A ④C ⑤D
考点6动词短语
1.动词+介词
Theboyinsistedongoingwithhisparents.
男孩坚持要跟父母一起去。
Ilookstupidwiththishaircut.Allmyclassmateswilllaughatme.
我剪了头发看上去好傻。
所有的同学都会嘲笑我的。
2.动词+副词
—Whenwilltheplanetakeoff?
—At2:
00thisafternoon.
——飞机什么时候起飞?
——今天下午两点。
Whenthebestsingerinourclassshowedup,everyoneshoutedwithexcitement.
当我们班上最好的歌手现身时,每个人都兴奋地喊叫起来。
代词作宾语时必须放在动词与副词中间。
当宾语是名词时,放在副词前后均可。
3.动词+副词+介词
Let'sgoonwiththework.
让我们继续工作吧!
Hegetsalongwellwithhisclassmates.
他与同学们相处愉快。
4.动词+名词+介词
Hetakesprideindoingajobwell.
他以做好工作为荣。
Pleasepayattentiontothephrasesinthearticle.
请注意文章中的短语。
①—Jenny,it'scoldoutside.________yourcoatwhenyougoout.
—OK,dad.
A.PutawayB.Takeoff
C.PutonD.Takeaway
②Annaispreparingforthecomingexam,soshehasto________theinvitationtotheparty.
A.turnonB.turndown
C.turnoffD.turnup
③Thegirlhasto________hergrandmabecauseherparentsareworkinginanothercity.
A.lookatB.lookinto
C.lookthroughD.lookafter
④Don't________toolate,oryou'llfeeltiredinclass.
A.callupB.wakeup
C.stayupD.pickup
⑤Today,WeChatbecomesverypopular,andquitealotofpeopleliketouseitto________eachother.
A.getintouchwithB.catchupwith
C.keepupwithD.takecareof
答案:
①C ②B ③D ④C ⑤A
课后作业
Ⅰ 单项选择
1.(2019·安徽省亳州市中考一模)—________Itakethenewspaperaway?
—No,youmustn't.You________readitonlyhere.
A.Must;canB.May;can
C.Need;mustD.Must;must
答案:
B 征求对方的许可要用情态动词may,在回答情态动词may开头的一般疑问句时,肯定回答用may或can,否定回答用mustn't。
下文强调的是你能做的事,表示允许,因此用情态动词can,故选B。
2.(2019·山东省新目标版中考模拟六)—When________AlexanderGrahamBellinventthetelephone?
—In1876.
A.isB.was
C.doesD.did
答案:
D 根据1876,可知此句要用一般过去时。
贝尔和发明是主动关系,应使用助动词did构成疑问,故选D。
3.(2019·河南名校联考三模)Thecomingrainwillmakeitpossibleforthesportsmeetingtobe________.
A.putupB.putdown
C.putawayD.putoff
答案:
D 句意:
即将到来的雨可能会让运动会延期举行。
putup“提升;建造”;putdown“降落;放下;镇压”;putaway“把……放回原处;积蓄”;putoff“推迟;取消”。
根据句意可知选D。
4.(2019·甘肃省武威市第十中学中考模拟一)Usuallyababy'sface________smooth.
A.isfeelingB.felt
C.feelslikeD.feels
答案:
D 感官动词feel,表示“摸起来”,后接形容词。
主语ababy'sface为第三人称单数,应用feel的第三人称单数形式feels,故选D。
5.(2019·呼和浩特市初三年级质量普查调研)
—MayIdotherestoftheworktomorrow?
—Yes,ofcourse.You________finishittoday.
A.mustB.musn't
C.can'tD.needn't
答案:
D may表示“可以(允许)”时的否定回答,如果是表示“不允许(禁止)”要用情态动词mustn't;如果表示“不需要”要用needn't或don'thaveto。
故应选D。
6.(2019·黑龙江哈尔滨第六十九中学中考二模)—MayIsteponthegrass?
—No,you________.Lookatthesign“Keepoffthegrass”.Everyoneshouldberesponsibleforprotectingtheenvironment.
A.maynotB.mustn't
C.needn'tD.shouldn't
答案:
B may表示“可以/允许”时的否定回答如果是表示“不允许/禁止”要用情态动词mustn't,故选B。
Ⅱ 用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.He________(notlike)oranges.
答案:
doesn'tlike
2.Here________(be)somecards,aretheyyours?
答案:
are
3.She________(dare)notperformballetinthefrontoftheclass.
答案:
dare
4.Icecreamisnotgoodforhealth,butittastes________(well).
答案:
good
5.Shetalkedtoomuchyesterdayand________(donot)drinkenoughwater.
答案:
didn't
6.Whatbeautiful________(shoe)heiswearing!
答案:
shoes
7.________(nottalk)tootherslikethat.It'simpolite.
答案:
Don'ttalk
8.—LinJia,youhavealovinggrandma,right?
—Yes,shealways________(spend)hertimewithmewheneverIneedher.
答案:
spends
9.—When________theplane________(take)off?
—At2:
00thisafternoon.
答案:
will;take
10.Springiscoming.Everythingseems________(be)lively,suchasnewgreentrees,beautifulflowersandwarmsunshine.
答案:
tobe
Ⅲ 根据汉语完成句子
1.向一杯水里加些盐。
________somesalt________aglassofwater.
答案:
Add;to
2.最后,水变成了冰。
Finally,thewater________________ice.
答案:
turnsinto
3.我们必须在午饭前自己完成这项工作。
Thework________________________byourselvesbeforelunch.
答案:
mustbefinished/completed
4.中学生不该依赖父母太多。
Studentsshouldn't________________theirparentstoomuch.
答案:
dependon
5.这部情景喜剧是多么的精彩啊!
我们都喜欢它。
________________thesitcomis!
Wealllikeit.
答案:
Howwonderful