广州版英语八年级上册第四单元Unit4Inventions课文知识详细讲解与语法详细讲解.docx
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广州版英语八年级上册第四单元Unit4Inventions课文知识详细讲解与语法详细讲解
第七讲
Unit4
◆知识探究
SteponeGettingready
1.Listentoadvertisementsforfourfunnyinventions.
advertisement可数名词“广告”
anadvertisementadvertisements缩写为ads
eg.Theywillputanadvertisementinthenewspaper.
TherearetoomanyadvertisementontheTV.
advertising不可数名词“广告，广告业”，是广告的总称。
eg.Advertisingiseverywhere.
advertise动词，“做广告，登广告”可做及物或不及物动词。
eg.Theyadvertisedthenewcar.
Headvertisedforanewjob.
1.大街上有很多广告。
____________________________________________
2.李雷为自己打广告。
_____________________________________________
funny形容词“有趣的”，在句中作定语或表语。
fun名词“乐趣”
eg.Hetoldmeafunnystory.
Ithinkthefilmisveryfunny.
Wehadalotoffunattheparty.
拓展：
funnymoney伪钞funnypaper连环漫画栏
funnycar腊肠型赛车funnyfarm精神病院funnybook连环画刊
1.你真是个有趣的女同学。
__________________________________________
2.Writeashortarticleaboutanewinventionthatyouwillcreate.
create及物动词“创造，创作”指经过努力让事物从无到有或从粗糙到完美，对象可以是具体的或者抽象的。
eg.Hecreatedmanyfamousplays.
Hecreatedthewonder.
拓展：
create作可数名词“创造物，作品”
作不可数名词“创造，创建”
creator可数名词“创作者”
creative形容词“有创造力的”
eg.Thecreatorcreatedthecreation.Heiscreative.
辨析：
create与make
create创造出原来不存在的东西make通过工作制造出某种东西
eg.Whocreatedtheworld.
Hemadethewatch.
1.达芬奇是一个创作家，他创造了许多名画。
__________________________________________________________.
【随堂练】：
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
He is an （invent）,he （invent）lots of （invent）.
2. She_____ （born） in China.
3. She （realize） she was wrong yesterday.
4. The p is so high,it is so e .
5. Surfing the internet is p among teenage.
6. The idea is p ,we will take thisidea.
7. This toy is s ,and I have never seen it before.
8. She created many famous works,and she was .（create）
二、完成句子
1.自那以后,我就已经学会照顾自己.
Ihavelearnedtotakecareofmyself.
2.我们已经三年没有联系了.
Weeachotherforthreeyears.
3.请远离毒品,学会保护自己.
Pleasedrugs,andlearntoprotectyourself.
4.我们很相爱,同时,我们互相照顾对方.
Weloveeachother,wetakegoodcareofeachother.
5.勤劳在白天,作息在晚上.
Work,andrestatnight.
SteptwoReading&listening
3telephone
可数名词“电话，电话机”缩写形式phone
eg.Idon’thaveatelephone.
Tonyoftentalkswithmeonthetelephone.
动词“打电话”
eg.Itelephonemygrandmaeveryweek.
拓展：
“给某人打电话”表达
telephone/phonesb
callsb（up）
givesbacall
makeatelephonecalltosb
eg.Ioftentelephone/phonemyparentsonweekends.
Pleasecallme（up）thisevening.
Pleasegivemeacallwhenyougethome.
Mybestfriendoftenmakesatelephonecalltome.
1.到家了就给我打电话。
_________________________________
4.Theyhelppeopleliveabetterlife.
live及物动词“过…的生活”livea…life
eg.liveagood/rich/poorlife.
1.我们过去过着贫穷的生活。
___________________________________
5.Afteritsinvention,travelingbecamefasterandmorecomfortable.
comfortable形容词“舒适的，舒服的”反义词uncomfortable
comfort名词和动词“舒适，安慰”
comfortably副词
eg.Ilikecomfortablelife.
Ifeeluncomfortablenow.Iwanttogohome.
Thenewcarbecomesmorecomfortable.
中考链接：
Whathesaidmadeeveryonefeel.
A.comfortB.comfortableC.comfortingD.comfortably
6.Intheearly19thcentury…
century可数名词“世纪，百年”一世纪指一百年，不指具体时间，只指时间段
eg.Hewasborninthe20thcentury.
Twocenturieslater,peoplestillrememberhim.
拓展：
twentieth-century“20世纪的”是一个序数词+名词构成的形容词，作定语。
“在第几世纪”必须用序数词，而且应在序数词前加定冠词the
eg.Itwasatwentieth-centuryinvention.
inthe21stcentury
inthemid-19thcentury/inthemiddleofthe19thcentury
7.AlexanderGrahamBellinventedoneofthefirstpracticaltelephonesin1876.
invent及物动词“发明”
eg.Doyouknowwhoinventedcomputer?
Heinventedagreencar.
辨析invent与discover
invent“发明”指客观上没有，发明以前未曾有过的东西，如新工具，新方法
discover“发现”指发现客观上已经存在，但不为人知的事物
eg.Gilbertdiscoveredelectricity,butEdisoninventedtheelectriclightbulb.
8.Sincethen,peoplehavebeenabletospeaktoeachotheroverlongdistances.
distance可用作可数名词和不可数名词“距离”
eg.Keepasafedistancebetweencars.
Whatisthedistancefromheretoyourschool?
拓展：
与distance相关的表达
atadistance隔一段距离inthedistance在远处
fromadistance从远处outofdistance（from）离…太远，达不到
9.Theyallowpeopletokeepintouchwitheachotheranytime,anywhere.
allow及物动词，“允许”allowsbtodosth“允许某人做某事”动词不定式作宾语补足语。
eg.Myparentsdon’tallowmetogooutatnight.
DoyouallowustowatchTV?
拓展：
allowdoingsth允许做某事
beallowedtodosth被允许做某事
eg.Hedoesn’tallowsmokinghere.
Passagesarenotallowedtosmoke.
中考链接：
Taketimetorelaxbylisteningtomusic,readingabookorjustspendingsometimealone.Relaxingallowsyoutoyourstudieswithmoreenergy.
A.returnB.toreturnC.returning
keepintouch（withsb）“与…保持联系”=stayintouch（withsb）
eg.Weshouldkeepintouchwitheachother.
We’llalwayskeep/stayintouch.
10.ThomasEdisondevelopedthefirstpracticallightbulbin1879.
develop及物动词“开发，研制”
eg.Weneedtodevelopsolarenergy.
Theyaredevelopinganewcar.
拓展：
develop还可用作不及物动词，“发展”
developed形容词“发达的”developing形容词“发展中的”
development名词“发展，开发”
eg.Everythingdevelops.
TheUSisadevelopedcountry,IndiaandChinaaredevelopingcountries.
中考链接：
It’shelpfultoagoodhabitofreadinginlanguagelearning.
A.takeB.showC.developD.math
11.Withlightbulb,peoplecandoasmanythingsintheeveningsastheycaninthedaytime.
daytime不可数名词，意为“白天，日间”inthedaytime在白天
Tigersandfoxesoftensleepinthedaytime.
Heworksinthedaytimeandhelpsmewithmyhouseworkintheevening.
12.thenewcarsmadeloudnoisesandfrightenedthem.
makenoises“发出噪音，弄出声音”make（a）noise
Don’tmakenoises.Yourfatherissleeping.
辨析noise,voice与sound
noise
噪音，喧闹声
指吵闹、喧哗声，往往是不和谐、不悦耳的声音
voice
噪音
尤指人或动物特有的声音，如说话声、歌声、笑声等
sound
声音
泛指自然界中的一切声音
Healwaysmakesloudnoises.
Sheoftentalksinalowvoice.
Lighttravelsfasterthansound.
中考链接：
Stopmakingsomuch.Thechildrenaresleeping.
A.voiceB.noiseC.sound
13.Isupposethatpeoplecouldonlydriveinthe（4）daytimebecausethosecarsdidn’thavelights.
suppose及物动词“认为，猜想，想象”后接从句作宾语，常和“suppose+sb+（+tobe）+形容词/名词”结构作同义句转换。
suppose，think，believe等后跟宾语从句时，主句的主语是第一人称时，若变为否定句，必须否定前移，即把否定句转移到主句上来。
Doyousuppose…Yes,Isupposeso/No,Isupposenot或No,Idon’tsupposeso.
eg.Idon’tsupposeheisthirty.
-Doyousupposeitisgoingtorain?
-Yes,Isupposeso/No,Isupposenot或No,Idon’tsupposeso.
拓展：
besupposedtodo“被要求做某事，应该做某事，被期望做某事”
相当于shoulddosth
eg.Teachersaresupposedtoknowalot.
中考链接：
YouaretotypequicklywhentalkingtoeachotheronQQsotheotherpersondoesn’tgetbored.
A.suggestedB.supposedC.taughtD.supported
【随堂练】：
一、完成句子
1.她住在乡村,我住在城市.
Shelived,andIlivedincity.
2.我们一起走一下吧.
Let,s.
3.很久以前,这里住着公主和王子.
princessandprincelivedhere.
4.不好意思,我没意识到我错了.
Sorry,IIwaswrong.
5.我已经三年没有跟她联系了.
Ihaven,talreadyher.
二、用good,bad,as...as...填空。
1.Whogota（good）markinPE,MarkorMary?
2.Whogota（bad）markinPE,MarkorMary?
MarkgotabettermarkinPE.
3.Whosehomeis（far）fromschool,Mark,sorMary,s?
4.Whogota（good）markinPEinyourclass?
5.Whogota（bad）markinPE,inyourclass.
6.Whosehomeis（far）fromschool,Mark,s,Lintao,sorMary,s?
7.Hercomputerwasas（good）asmine.
8.Themachinecanproduceas（much）productionashers
9.Thecomputerwas（good）thanthatone.
Stepthree-Listening讲解
1.keepthedustoffyourshoes
keep…off“使…不接近（或不接触，远离）”
eg.Keepitofftheshoes.
Shewearssunglassestokeepthesunoff.
dust不可数名词，“灰尘，尘土”
throwdustinone’seyes
dustbinduststorm
2.canlookbehindandinfrontofyouatthesametime.
atthesametime“同时”其中same为形容词，在使用前一定要加定冠词the。
eg.Theyarrivedatschoolatthesametimeyesterdaymorning.
Youmusthandinyourpapersatthesametime.
【随堂练】：
一、完成句子
1．木马太重了，他们不能随身带走。
Thewoodenhorsewas___________heavy___________them______________________withthem.
1.他终于成功地写完了这本书。
Atlasthe_________________________________thisbook.
2.最后制造皇冠的人被送进监狱。
Intheendthecrown-maker____________________________________________.
3.他自从来到这间学校，认识了许多朋友。
he______________________manyfriendssincehe___________tothisschool.
4.今晚我不去看电影，因为我看过了。
Iwon’tgotothecinema,becauseI______________________it.
5.好久不见，你到哪里去了？
I______________________youforalongtime.Where___________you___________?
Stepfour-Speaking＆Writing
1.Wemakeourvoiceriseattheend.
辨析rise与raise
rise
不及物动词
指自然地上升；表示（太阳、价格等）上升、（河水）上涨、起立、起床
raise
及物动词
指人为地增加、上涨、升上去等；表示举手、升国旗、饲养抚育等意思
eg.Themoonabovethemountains.
Beforeyouanswerthequestion,youshouldyourhand.
2.Whatdoyouuseitfor?
辨析whatfor与why
what...for
侧重于问目的，一般不用because回答
——Whatdoyouwantabasketfor?
——Iwanttobuysomeapples.
why
侧重于询问原因，一般要用because回答
——Whywereyoulateforschool?
——BecauseImissedtheearlybus.
3.Whatisspecialaboutit?
special形容词，“特别的，特殊的”
辨析special与specially
special
形容词
表示“特殊的，特别的”反义词是ordinary，强调事物特有的性质或专门的目的、用途
Thereissomethingspecialyoucandointhepark.
specially
副词
表示“特别的，尤其”
Icameherespeciallytoseeyou.
中考链接：
——WhatwasJimwearingintheparty?
——Nothing.Hewasinhisusualshirtandjeans.
A.specialB.simpleC.importantD.interesting
4.Ifyoushout“fly”,thecarwillturnintoaplanein30second.
turninto“变成，成为”
eg.Thesofaturnsintoabed.
Therobotturnsintoahugespidersoon.
拓展：
turnaway把…打发走turnon打开
turnoff关上turnup调大
turndown调小turnover翻身
【随堂练】
一、单项选择
1. We _______ be rude to our parents.
A.ought B.ought to C.ought not D.ought not to
2. I would like ______ an English song for you.
A.sing B.to sing
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