Unit 5 A Few Kind Words for Superstition 练习答案.docx
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Unit5AFewKindWordsforSuperstition练习答案
Unit5
AFewKindWordsforSuperstition
ConsolidationActivities
I.TextComprehension
1.Decidewhichofthefollowingbeststatestheauthor'spurpose.
A.Totellreaderstheoriginandhistoryofsuperstitioninhumansociety.
B.Todescribefourtypesofsuperstitionandtheireffectsonhumannature.
C.Todescribefourtypesofsuperstitionandtheirrelevancetoscienceandreason.
~
Key:
[B]
2.Judge,accordingtothetext,whetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.
1).SincesuperstitionisasignofnaÏvetéorignorance,itisonlypracticedbyill-educatedpeople.[F]
2).Idolatryismanifestedbypeople’sprofoundbutungroundedconvictioninsomethingthatcouldbringgoodluck.[T]
3).Manypeoplehavepracticedsuperstitionevenwithouttheirownawareness.[T]
4).Religionandsuperstitionhavethesamepersistentandminatorypoweronallpeople.[F]
&
5).Superstitionisprevalentbecauseitcanmeetpeople’scuriosityabouttheirfuture.[T]
II.WritingStrategies
Inthisexpositoryessay,theauthorfirstpresentsfourtypesofsuperstitionbymeansofclassificationanddivision.Eachtypeisclarifiedwithsomeanecdotesandexamples.Then,heoffershisexplanationastowhysomepeoplearefascinatedwiththeseirrationalpracticesbytakingacloselookathumannature.Duringtheprocess,theauthornowandtheninsertssomerhetoricalquestionstoachieveavarietyoffunctions.Readthefollowingquestionstakenfromthetextandexplaintheirrespectivemeanings:
1.Isitbecauseithasanunacknowledgedholdonsomanyofus(Paragraph1)
Toexpressdoubt.
2.Youdidnotknowthatsuperstitiontakesfourforms(Paragraph3)
Tointroducethesubsequentclassification.
}
3.Andwhynot(Paragraph4)
Toexpresscertainty.
4.Modestidolatry,butwhatelsecanyoucallit(Paragraph5)
Toexpresssubmissionoracceptance.
5.HowdidtheMelanesianscomebythesameidea(Paragraph9)
Toexpresswonderorsurprise.
6.Butwhenhasastrologynotbeenpopular(Paragraph10)
Toexpresscertainty.(Ofcourse,astrologyhasalwaysbeenpopular.)
7.Whenhastheheartofmangivenadamnforscience(Paragraph10)
Toemphasizetheauthor’sconviction.(Idon’treallybelievethatsciencecouldworkinthismanner.)
;
III.LanguageWork
1.Explaintheunderlinedpart(s)ineachsentenceinyourownwords.
1).Isitbecauseithasanunacknowledgedholdonsomanyofus
hasanunrecognizedcontrolover
2).Iliveinthemiddleofalargeuniversity,andIseesuperstitioninitsfourmanifestations,aliveandflourishingamongpeoplewhoareindisputablyrationalandlearned.
unquestionably
}
3).Ifyouhaveeversupervisedalargeexaminationroom,youknowhowmanyjujus,luckycoins,andotherbringersofluckareplacedonthedesksofthecandidates.
thingsthataresupposedtocontainsomepowertobringgoodluck
4).WhenItalkedwithhim,hedidnotthinkhewaspricingGodcheapbecausehecouldaffordnomore.
wasofferingGodtoolittlemoney
5).Mostpeoplekeeptheirterrorwithinbounds,buttheycannotrootitout,nordotheyseemtowanttodoso.
getridofitcompletely
6).Superstitionmakesitsappearance,apparentlyunbidden,veryearlyinlife...
.
comesintobeing
7).Thepsychoanalystshavetheirexplanation,butcallingasuperstitionacompulsionneurosisdoesnotbanishit.
doawaywith
8).Nousesayingsciencediscreditsit.
accordingtoscienceitisfalse,notbelievable
9).Superstitioningeneralislinkedtoman’syearningtoknowhisfate,andtohavesomehandindecidingit.
havesomecontrolin
@
10).Iamnotonetostandalooffromtherestofhumanityinthismatter...
keepadistancefrom
2.Fillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsofthegivenwords.
1).Idon’tthinkyouunderstandthegravity(grave)ofthesituation.
2).Thetoneoftheletterwasplacatory(placate).
3).Theyareforcedtoliveindeplorable(deplore)conditions.
4).Sheclaimedthattheriseinunemploymentwasjustafurthermanifestation(manifest)ofthegovernment’sincompetence.
】
5).Religiousobservances(observe)suchasfastingcanbehardtofollow.
6).Thereportabsolved(absolution)herfromallblamefortheaccident.
7).Thefruitwaspreservedbysubmersion(submerge)inalcohol.
8).Idivined(divination)fromhisgrimexpressionthatthenewswasnotgood.
9).Thepasttwoyearshaveseenaproliferation(proliferate)ofTVchannels.
10).She’sneurotic(neurosis)aboutherweight—sheweighsherselfthreetimesaday.
3.Fillintheblank(s)ineachsentencewithaphrasetakenfromtheboxinitsappropriateform.
withinthebounds|depth|yearning|hasten
rootout|makeanappearance|giveadamn
【
haveaholdon|comeby|standaloof
1).MsCampbellhasbeenappointedtorootoutinefficiencyinthiscompany.
2).Theircompanyhasastrongholdonthecomputermarket.
3).Whathedidwaswithintheboundsofacceptablebehavior.
4).ThefamousmoviestarmakeararepersonalappearancelastFriday.
`
5).Theyhadnotrealizedthedepthoftheirfeelingsforoneanother.
6).Thepresidenthastenedtoreassurehispeoplethathewasinperfecthealth.
7).Cheaporganicfoodisstilldifficulttocomeby.
8).Hecanthinkwhathelikesaboutme—Idon’tgiveadamn!
9).Althoughmanyofhisfriendswerepoliticians,hestoodalooffrompolitics.
·
10).Isupposeit’sbecauseIliveinacrowdedcitythatIhavethisyearningforopenspaces.
4.Explainthemeaningoftheunderlinedpartineachsentence.
1).Peopleoftenbehaveirrationallywhentheyareunderstress.
dounreasonablethings
2).EvidenceoflinkswithdrugdealershasdiscreditedthePresident.
harmedthereputationof
3).Hedevoutlyhopedthattheywouldreachapeacefulagreement.
sincerely
^
4).Themosteffectivetechniqueistocajoleratherthantothreaten.
trytopersuade
5).AresandAphroditeweretheancientGreekdeitiesofwarandlove.
godandgoddess
6).OperainBritainisenjoyingalong-awaitedrenaissance.
rebirth
7).Theterroristactionhasbeencondemnedasanactofbarbarismandcowardice
stronglycriticized
8).ProfessorRossisregardedastheoracleoneatingdisorders.
authority
|
9.Treesaredyinginareaswhereacidrainismostprevalent.
widespread
10.Atnightimageswouldcomeunbiddenintohermind.
appearautomaticallyin
5.Correcttheerrorsinthefollowingpassage.Thepassagecontainstenerrors,oneineachindicatedline.Ineachcase,onlyonewordisinvolved.
Correctionsshouldbedoneasfollows:
Wrongword:
underlinethewrongwordandwritethecorrectwordintheblank.
Extraword:
deletetheextrawordwithan“×.”
Missingword:
markthepositionofthemissingwordwitha“∧”andwritethemissingwordintheblank.
~
TheZodiac
SomeoftheearliestcivilizationsonEarthdevelopedinMesopotamia.
Inthemdevelopedtheearlydivisionofsocietyinfarmers,warriorsandreligiouspersonnel.Thesepriestsspentmostoftheirtimewatchingthestarsastheywerebelievedtohaveadirecteffectondailylife.Onthisday,almosteveryoneknowstheirbirth(orzodiac)sign.Newspapersprintouthoroscopes;loverstrytofigureout∧theyarecompatible,andpeoplespendalotofmoneyconsultingastrologers.ThesolaryearbeginswiththesunpassingthroughtheconstellationofAriesaroundthebeginningofApril.
Ariesisaram,andthosebornatthistimearesaidtobeindependentandunpredicted.ThencomesTaurus,thestrong,notverybright,butstubbornbull.Geminiaretwins∧thisdoublenessistobefoundinthosewithbirthdaysinlateMayandearlyJune.Cancerthecrab,movessidewaysandcanpinch.Leo,thelion,isthekingofanimals,proud,braveandtrustworthy.Virgo,themaiden,iskindandsweet,characterizedbyinnocence.Libraisthescalesthatweightwhatisgoodandbad,justandunjust.Scorpio,thescorpion,isaverydangerouscreature,bestavoid.Sagittariusisthecentaur,aman-horse,whoisalsoanarcher.Thisgivesafinemixtureofqualities.Capricorn,thegoat,isversatile,abletosurvivealmostanywhere,and∧timesrathercrudeandcoarse.Aquarius,thewater-carrier,isadreamerwithsomeofthefluidqualityofwater.TheyearendswithPisces,thefish,brilliant,slippingandfast.
(1)into
'
(2)To
(3)out
(4)if/whether
(5)unpredictable
)
(6)and
(7)weigh
(8)avoided
(9)at
,
(10)slippery
6.FillineachblankinthepassagebelowwithONEappropriateword.
Telepathy
Icanwellbelieveintelepathy,forithasbeenpartofmylifesincechildhood.Myownfirst
(1)experienceofwhatmightbeakindoftelepathyIhavealreadydescribedinASortofLife.Iwouldhaveputitdowntomerecoincidenceifithadnotbeenrepeatedtwiceunderroughlythesamecircumstances,each
(2)involvingatragedyatseaandalossoflife.ThefirstoccasionwasduringanEasterseasideholidayatLittlehamptonwhenIwassevenyearsold.
IdreamtofshipwreckandIcanstillseeclearlyone(3)imageofthedream.Amanisscramblingupthestaircaseofashipandagreatwaveiscomingdowntoswamphim.Nextmorningweheardthe(4)newsoftheTitanicsunkthatnight.
)
Oftheseconddreamofawreckabouttenyearslater,Ihavealsowritten.Icanrecallno(5)detailsandhavelostthedreamdiarywhichIwaskeepingduringacourseofpsychoanalysisinLondon.Perhapswritingdownthedreamcancelledthe(6)memoryofit.Again,mydream(7)coincidedwitharealwreck,thistimeoftheRowanintheIrishSeawhen,Iseemtoremember,awholeorchestralosttheir(8)lives.
Alwaysthesea,