英语中考复习第11讲 宾语从句.docx
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英语中考复习第11讲宾语从句
备战2020中考英语专项练习
宾语从句
【观察下面句子,找规律】
Shehasfoundoutthetruth.
Shehasfoundoutthatalltheticketsfortheconcerthavebeensoldout.
【定义】在主句中充当动词或介词的宾语。
引导宾语从句的连接词有that,if,whether,who,whose,whom,what,which,when,where,why,how.
【引导词】
1.例题:
Ihear______hewillbebackinanhour.
A.whoB.thatC.whichD.why
that在句中无意义,只起连接作用,在口语或非正式文体中常省略,引导的是陈述句。
【举一反三】
(1)Iwastold______BillGateswasthirteenhebegantoplaywithcomputers.
A.thathowB.howthatC.whenthatD.thatwhen
(2)Tomtoldmyfriend_______.
A.wherewashefromB.thattheearthisbiggerthanthemoon
C.whendidhecomebackD.howdidhearrive
(3)I’msure_______hewillsucceed.
A.thatB.whatC.whenD.how
2.例题:
----Doyouknowthemanunderthetree?
-----Sony,Idon’tknow________?
A.howisheB.whatisheC.whoheisD.bother
若宾语从句部分为特殊疑问句,则宾语从句的引导词为特殊疑问词
Didyouhearwhatshesaid?
你听见她说的话了吗?
【举一反三】
1.Couldyoutellme_______sheislookingfor?
A.thatB.WhoseC.whoD.Which
2.-----Becareful!
Don'tbreakthebottles.Doyouhear_______Isaid,David?
-----Yes,mum
A.whatB.thatC.whyD.if
3.Heasked_______handwritingwasthebest.
A.whoseB.whoC.whatD.when
3.例题:
----WillLiuYingcometoschooltoday?
-----Idon’tknow.ButIalsowanttoknow__________.
A.thatshewillcometoschooltoday
B.whetherwillshecometoschooltoday
C.howwillshecometoschooltoday
D.ifshewillcometoschooltoday
whether/if做“是否”讲时,一般可以互换,常在know,ask,care,wonder等词后,说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。
Whether/if在宾语从句中不作任何成分,但含有“是否”的含义,在句中不可省略。
如:
Idon’tknowwhether/ifshewillbeabletocome.
我不知道她能不能来。
注意:
whether与if在表示“是否”,引导宾语从句时常可通用。
但以下情况下只能用whether
⑴介词后的宾语从句用whether引导
I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.
我在想我们是否该去钓鱼。
(2)whether引导的宾语从句可以与ornot连用
Idon’tknowwhetherheisfreeornot.
我不知道他是否有时间。
(3)在不定式前、引导表语从句或位于句首的主语从句用whether
Whetherheisrightorwrongisaquestion.
关于这个问题不知道他是对还是错。
Hedoesnotknowwhethertoworkorplay.
他不知道是去工作还是去玩。
(4)宾语从句提前时
Whetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.
我不说这是对还是错。
(5)在动词discuss后的宾语从句中
Wediscussedwhetherwewouldhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.
我们在讨论下个星期我们是否要举行运动会。
【练习】
(1)Iwanttoknow______youwillcomebackat8:
00tomorrow.
A.thatB.whenC.whereD.whether
(2)Theteacheraskedthestudents__________.
A.iftheywereinterestedindinosaurs
B.whenwasAlbertEinsteinborn
C.whattheywilldowiththecomputers
D.howmanytreestheyhaveplanted
(3)Shewantedtoknow______hermotherlikedthepresent.
A.whichB.thatC.ifD.what
(4)Itmakesnodifference________.
A.whetherwillyoucometomorrowB.whetherornotwillbepasstheexam
C.ifhewillcometothemeetingornotD.whetherhewillcometothemeetingornot
(5)Wouldyouliketoknow______theywilldoitornot.
A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.why
(6)Idon’tknow________hestillliveshereornotaftersomanyyears.
A.whetherB.ifC.whatD.when
【语序】
例题:
Nobodyknows________in100years.
A.whatwillthelifebelikeB.whatthelifewillbelike
C.whatisthelifelikeD.whatthelifeislike
(1)宾语从句必须用陈述句语序,即主语在前,谓语动词(包括助动词和情态动词)在后,
Idon’tknowwhat’sthematter.我不知道怎為了。
Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?
你能告诉我谁在那儿。
(2)宾语从句句末的标点符号由主句决定,不受从句的限制。
如果主句是陈述句或祈使句时用句号;而主句是疑问句是,句末则用问号。
如:
Pleasetellmewhatcoloryoulikebest.请告诉我你最喜欢什么颜色。
DoyouknowwhereLiPingis?
你知道李平在哪里吗?
【举一反三】
(1)Doyouknow_______areportonEnglishlearningtomorrowmorning?
A.isthereB.thereisgoingtohaveC.willtherebeD.thereisgoingtobe
(2)-----Couldyoutellme_________?
-----Ofcourse,lastnight.
A.whenyoureachedChengduB.whendidyoureachChengdu
C.howyoucametoChinaD.howdidyoucometoChina
(3)Iwanttoknow_________.
A.whenweshouldarriveattheairportB.whenshouldwearriveattheairport
C.whentheairportweshouldarriveatD.whentheairportshouldwearriveat
【时态】
例题:
—WhatdidJackaskyoujustnow?
—Hewantedtoknowhowlong_________whenIreachedthecinema.
A.hadthefilmbeenonB.thefilmhadstarted
C.thefilmhadlastedD.hadthefilmended
(1)主句用现在时或将来时,从句可用任何时态;
主句用过去时,从句用与过去相关的时态
句中有具体的时间状语,即使从句动作发生在主句动作之前,仍用一般过去时。
Theteachertoldmeshewasbornin1966.老师告诉我她出生在1966年。
(2)当宾语从句表述的是客观真理或自然现象时,宾语从句的时态不受主句时态的影响,仍用一般现在时。
Theteachertoldthestudentsthattheearthmovesroundthesun.老师告诉学生们地球绕着:
【举一反三】
(1)Mr.Kingdidn’tknow________yesterdayevening.
A.whenhissonwillcomehomeB.whenhissoncomeshome
C.whenhissoniscominghomeD.whenhissoncamehome
(2)Hewantedtoknow________.
A.whetherhespeaksatthemeetingB.whenthemeetingwouldstart
C.whatheisgoingtodoatthemeetingD.wherethemeetingwillbe
(3)Ourteachertolduslight________muchfasterthansound.
A.traveledB.istravelingC.travelsD.havetraveled
【课堂小练】
一、选择题
1.----Excuseme.WheredoesMr.Wanglive?
-----I’msorry.Idon’tknow___________.
A.wherehelivesB.wherehelivedC.wheredoesheliveD.wheredidhelive
2.Idon’tknow_______themeetingtomorrow.Canyoutellme?
A.whenwestartedB.whendidwestartC.whenwewillstartD.whenwillwestart
3.----Doyouknow______thegirlinredis?
-----I’mnotsure.Maybesheisateacher.
A.whenB.howC.whereD.what
4.----Doyouknow______heisateacher?
----Ofcourse.Heismymathteacher.
A.whatB.whoC.thatD.why
5.----Couldyoutellme_______?
----Justgostraight.It’sonyourright.
A.wherethepolicestationisB.whatyournameis
C.whichcountryyoucomefromD.whereisthepolicetastion
完成句子
1.李老师教会我们如何建立自信。
MissLiteachesus______________________________confidence.
2.妹妹问我他可以在回家的路上买些什么。
Mysisteraskedme__________________________onherwayhome.
3.今年暑假,你决定去哪里度假了吗?
Haveyoudecided/____________________yourholidaythissummer?
4.她想知道在哪儿可以买到这本书。
Shewondered_________________________thebook.
5.我不知道他是否会参加我们的游戏。
Ihavenoidea_______hewill____________________ourgames.
6.这两个手机都很好,你决定买哪个了吗?
Bothofthetwomobilephonesareverygood.Haveyoudecided___________________?
7.他问我什么时候去爬白云山。
Heaskedme_____________________BaiyunMountain.
8.你能告诉我必须什么时候完成这项任务吗?
Couldyoutellme_______________________finishthistask?
9.请告诉我下一步做什么。
Pleasetellme_____________________next.
10.我不明白他为什么在会上问了一个这么蠢的问题。
Idon’tunderstand_______________________suchasillyquestioninthemeeting.
【课堂小结】
1.宾语从句定义:
______________________________________
2.三要素:
(1)引导词
如何确定:
_____________________
(2)_____________________
(3)_____________________
时态确定:
________________________
________________________
________________________
【中考真题专练】
1.我不明白为什么他们在这个时候踢足球。
(2017年)
Ican’tunderstand________________________________________footballatthismoment.
2.Grandmawaslyinginthechairbythewindowwhensheopenedonelittleeyeandsaid,“Nowyou
heard__3__yourmothersaid,George.”(2017年语法选择)
A.thatB.whatC.whereD.which
3.我不知道他是否能准时到校。
(2016年)
Iwonder____________________________________toschoolontime.
4.我桌子上的钥匙不见了不知谁拿走了。
(2015年)
Thekeyonmydeskisgone.Iwonder____________itaway.
【课后作业】
一、单项选择
1.-----Couldyoutellme_________?
-----Becauseshelikesherstudentsverymuch.
A.whysomanystudentsliketheteacher
B.whydosomanystudentsliketheteacher
C.whydidsomanystudentsliketheteacher
D.whysomanystudentslikedtheteacher
2.Idon’tknow______thecharityshowtomorrow.
A.whenwestartedB.whendidwestartC.whenwewillstartD.whenwillwestart
3.Hewantedtoknow____theEnglishparty.
A.whenwillwehaveB.whenwewillhave
B.C.whenwouldwehaveD.whenwewouldhave
4.----Couldyoutellme________?
----Justgostraight.It’sonyourright.
A.wherethepolicestationisB.whatyournameis
B.whichcountryyoucomefromD.whyyoulikekoalas
5.I’mnotsure_______therearelivingthingsonotherplanetornot.
A.whetherB.whereC.whyD.when
6.---Thomaswantstoknow_______Ninalives.
----ShelivesinBeijing.
A.whereB.whoC.whatD.if
7.----Guess_____Ididyesterday!
----Ithinkyouwenttoaparty.
A.whereB.whenC.whatD.which
8.Wedon’tknow________themeetingwillbeheldornot.
A.whenB.whatC.whetherD.how
9.----Doyouknow_______themanwithglassesis?
----Areporter,Ithink.
A.whatB.thatC.whoD.where
10.----Excuseme.WheredoesMr.Wanglive?
-----I’msorry.Idon’tknow________.
A.wherehelivesB.wherehelivedC.wheredoesheliveD.wheredidhelive
二、完成句子
1.你知道从南沙去广州南站在哪里乘公交车吗?
Doyouknow__________________abustoGuangzhouSouthRailwayStationfromNasha?
2.现在交通非常繁忙,我不知道他们什么时候才能到达广州。
Thetrafficisveryheavynow.Idon’tknow___________________________inGuangzhou.
3.老师想知道谁参观过长城。
Theteacherwantstoknow_____________theGreatWall.
4.我想知道为什么你今天上学又迟到了。
Iwanttoknow______________________lateforschoolagaintoday.
5.我妈妈问我是否可以在回家的路上给她买些水果。
Mymotheraskedme_________________________somefruitforheronmywayhome.
三、综合能力提升训练
1.语法选择
Somepeoplehavealotofhair,while 1 havethinhairorarebaldontopoftheirhead.However,hairproblemsaninfluenceanyoneiftheyhave 2 unhealthydietorlifestyle.Areyouhappy withthehairyouhave?
3 youarenot,trythefollowing advice.
Thefirststeptoahealthierheadof hairistomakesureyou 4 .
therightkindsoffood.Lackof proteinandironcan secretlystop yourhair 5 beingshinyandbea