英语阅读.docx

英语阅读.docx

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英语阅读

大脑某些区域功能可相互转换

Whenyourbrainencounterssensorystimuli,suchasthescentofyourmorningcoffeeorthesoundofahonkingcar,thatinputgetsshuttledtotheappropriatebrainregionforanalysis.Thecoffeearoma（芳香）goestotheolfactory（嗅觉的）cortex,whilesoundsareprocessedintheauditorycortex.Thatdivisionoflaborsuggeststhatthebrain'sstructurefollowsapredetermined,geneticblueprint.However,evidenceismountingthatbrainregionscantakeoverfunctionstheywerenotgeneticallydestinedtoperform.Inalandmark1996studyofpeopleblindedearlyinlife,neuroscientistsshowedthatthevisualcortexcouldparticipateinanonvisualfunction—readingBraille.

Now,astudyfromMITneuroscientistsshowsthatinindividualsbornblind,partsofthevisualcortexarerecruitedforlanguageprocessing.Thefindingsuggeststhatthevisualcortexcandramaticallychangeitsfunction—fromvisualprocessingtolanguage—anditalsoappearstooverturntheideathatlanguageprocessingcanonlyoccurinhighlyspecializedbrainregionsthataregeneticallyprogrammedforlanguagetasks.

"Yourbrainisnotaprepackagedkindofthing.Itdoesn'tdevelopalongafixedtrajectory（轨道）,rather,it'saself-buildingtoolkit（工具包）.Thebuildingprocessisprofoundlyinfluencedbytheexperiencesyouhaveduringyourdevelopment,"saysMarinaBedny,anMITpostdoctoralassociateintheDepartmentofBrainandCognitiveSciencesandleadauthorofthestudy,whichappearsintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencestheweekofFeb.28.

伊朗反对派领导被“逮捕”

IranianoppositionleadersMirHosseinMousaviandMehdiKarroubi,andtheirwives,havebeentakenfromtheirhomesbysecurityforces,reportssuggest.

报道显示，伊朗反对派领导穆萨维和梅卡鲁比以及他们的妻子被保安部队从家中带走。

MrMousaviandMrKarroubihadpreviouslybeenunderhousearrest

MrKarroubi'ssontoldtheBBChehadheardhisfatherhadbeenmoved,butdidnotknowwherehehadbeentaken.

AwebsiteclosetoMrMousaviclaimsthemenhavebeentakentoHeshmatiyehjailinTehran.

Iraniangovernmentofficialsdeniedthereport,thesemi-officialFarsnewsagencysaid.

ItcomesaheadofplannedproteststhatareduetobeheldonTuesday.

FarsquotedanunnamedofficialinIran'sjudiciary（司法部）asdenyingthatthemenhadbeentaken.

"Thetwoarecurrentlyintheirhomesandtherehaveonlybeenrestrictionsontheircontacts,"theofficialsaid.

'Securityvans'

BothMrMousaviandMrKarroubihavecalledfordemonstrationsinIraninthelightoftherecentuprisingsinTunisiaandinEgypt.

Earlierthismonththetwomen,alongwiththeirwives,weredetainedintheirrespectivehomesinTehranasprotestswerestagedonthestreetsofthecapital.

OnMondayoneofMrKarroubi'ssonstoldBBCPersianservicehehadbeentoldhisfatherhadbeen"takenbysecurityforcestoanunspecifiedlocation".

MrMousavi'sKalemewebsitereportedthatthemenandtheirwives"havebeenarrestedandweretransferredtotheHeshmatiyehprisonofTehran".

"Accordingtocrediblesources,thearrestandthetransfertojailissurebutthedatewhenitoccurredisstilluncertain,"itsaid.

AneighboursaidthathehadseeneightsecurityvansoutsideMrKarroubi'shomelateonThursdaynight.Shortlyafterwardsthevansthenlefttheareaalongwithonecar,hesaid.

EarlieronMonday,Iran'sstateprosecutorGholamHosseinMohseniEjehiwasquotedbytheofficialIrnanewsagencysayingthatthecountry'sauthoritieshaverestrictedthetwomen'smeetingsandphonecalls.

"Shouldcircumstancesarise,othermeasureswillbetaken,"headded.

ThousandsofsupportersofMrMousaviandMrKarroubitooktothestreetsofTehranon14February,amidclasheswithsecurityforceswhichlefttwodead.

Some1,500peopleweredetained,oppositiongroupssaid,butofficialfiguresputthenumberat150.

Followingtheclashes,IranianMPscalledforthetwooppositionleaderstobetriedandexecuted.

新生儿心肌具有自我修复能力

Inapromisingscience-fiction-meets-real-worldjuxtaposition（并列，毗邻）,researchersatUTSouthwesternMedicalCenterhavediscoveredthatthemammalian（哺乳动物的）newbornheartcanhealitselfcompletely.Researchers,workingwithmice,foundthataportionoftheheartremovedduringthefirstweekafterbirthgrewbackwhollyandcorrectly–asifnothinghadhappened.

"Thisisanimportantstepinoursearchforacureforheartdisease,theNo.1killerinthedevelopedworld,"saidDr.HeshamSadek,assistantprofessorofinternalmedicineandseniorauthorofthestudyavailableonlineintheFeb.25issueofScience."Wefoundthattheheartofnewbornmammalscanfixitself;itjustforgetshowasitgetsolder.Thechallengenowistofindawaytoremindtheadulthearthowtofixitselfagain."

Previousresearchhasdemonstratedthatthelowerorganisms,likesomefishandamphibians（两栖动物）,thatcanregrowfinsandtails,canal