初中生语法时态课程教案仁爱版.docx
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初中生语法时态课程教案仁爱版
初中生英语语法-时态学习
个性化教案
授课时间
学生姓名
年级
初二
教学重点
各种时态比较学习
教学难点
在中考及写作中的应用
教学过程
教师活动
现在进行时
基本用法
⑴表示说话时正在进行的动作,常与now,atthemoment等时间状语连用,有时,句首有look,listen等词提示。
例如:
Whatareyoudoingnow?
—Iamcleaningthewindow.
Look!
ThestudentsarehavinganEnglishlesson.
⑵表示现阶段正在进行的动作,常与now,thesedays等时间状语连用。
例如:
HeisnowlivinginAustralia. 目前他正住在澳大利亚。
(暂时)。
比较:
HelivesinAustralia.他定居在澳大利亚。
Iamworkinginacomputercompanyrightnow.
Howareyougettingalongthesedays?
这些天来你好吗?
⑶有时,现在进行时可以表示按计划安排将要发生的动作,特别是使用表示位置转移的动词时,如go,come,leave,start,arrive等。
例如:
WearegoingtoRomenextweek. 下周我们准备去罗马。
Whenareyoustarting?
你什么时候动身?
其动词结构为:
be+doing(动词的现在分词)
动词的现在分词的构成:
1一般情况动词后加ing,以不发音的e结尾的去e加ing。
write-play-eat-see-
2以重读闭音节结尾的词,双写最后的辅音字母再加ing
这样的词往往看最后三个字母,常常是“辅音+元音+辅音”
open就不行,它的重音不在pen上
sit-get-begin-stop-
shop-swim-run-
句子肯定结构:
主语+am/is/are+doing(动词的现在分词)
HeiswatchingTV.
否定形式:
主语+am/is/are+not+doing.
HeisnotwatchingTV.
一般疑问句:
Be(am/is/are)+主语+doing(动词的现在分词)?
IshewatchingTV?
Aretheysingingnow?
特殊疑问句:
疑问词+一般疑问结构?
Whatishedoing?
现在进行时专项练习
一. 用括号中动词的适当形式填空:
1. My parents _______(watch)TV now.
2. Look. Three boys _______(run).
3. What _______ your mother _______(do)now?
4. _______ your dog _______ now?
(sleep)
5. _______ you _______(listen)to music?
Yes, I am.
6. Look, Miss Chen _______ football.(play)
7. Tom and his sister _______(wait)for you over there.
8. Now Class 3 and Class 4_______(have)a test.
9. Listen, someone _______(sing)in the classroom.
10. ——Where is Zhang Yan?
——She _______(talk)with her teacher in the teacher’s office.
(1arewatching2arerunning3isdoing4Issleeping5Arelistening6isplaying7arewaiting8arehaving9issinging10istalking)
二. 选择填空:
( )1. Who ______ over there now?
A. singing B. are sing C. is singing
( )2. It’s nine ten. The students ______ a music class.
A. have B. having C. are having
( )3. Listen!
The boy _______. A. crying B. is crying C. cries
( )4. Don’t talk here. Grandparents ______.
A. sleep B. is sleeping C. are sleeping
( )5. Is the man _______ tea or milk?
A. drinks B. drink C. drinking
(CCBCC)
三. 按要求进行句型转换:
1. Lily is dancing.(改为一般疑问句)
________________________________________________
2. Kate is looking for her watch.(改为否定句)
________________________________________________
3. Mrs. White is watching TV.(对划线部分提问)
________________________________________________
4. I am doing homework.(改为否定句)
________________________________________________
5. They are waiting for you at the library.(提问)
___________________
(1IsLily dancing?
2Kate isn’t looking for her watch.3WhatisMrs. Whitedoing?
4I amnot doing homework.5Wherearethey waiting for you?
)
四. 根据中文提示完成句子:
1他没在写作业,她在画画。
He _____ ______ homework. He ____ _____ pictures.
2. 今天李老师穿着一件红色的连衣裙。
Miss Li ______ ______ a red dress today.
3. 你爷爷在看报纸吗?
______ your grandpa ______ the newspaper?
4. Tom和Jim在做什么?
______ ______ Tom and Jim ______?
5. 他们是在打篮球还是在打排球?
______ they ______ basketball ______ volleyball?
(1isn’tdoing,isdrawing2iswearing3Isreading4Whataredoing
5Areplayingor)
一般现在时
一般现在时表示现在的状态Heistwelve.Theyareathome.
表示经常性或习惯性的动作Igotoschoolatseveneveryday.
HeplayssocceronSundays.
表示主语具备的性格和能力等
Shelikesapples.TheyspeakJapanese.Sheismediumbuild.
其句子结构为1主语+be+其他
2主语+动词原形+---
3(当主语是第三人称单数时)
主语+动词的第三人称单数形式+---
肯定式 Iamacleaner. Wegotoschoolatseveneveryday.
Hegoestoschoolat6everyday.
否定式 Iamnotacleaner.Wedon’tgotoschoolatseven.
Hedoesn’tgotoschoolat6.
疑问式及回答Areyouacleaner?
Yes,Iam.(No,I’mnot.)
Doyougotoschoolatseven?
Yes,wedo.(No,wedon’t.)
Doeshegotoschoolat6?
Yes,hedoes.(No,hedoesn’t.)
注意:
在上面的否定和疑问式中,do和does都没有意义,不用译出。
它们只是为了使句子完整,叫做助动词。
一般现在时常和表示时间频度的副词连用。
如:
often,usually,sometimes,always,never,hardlyever等。
(注意频度副词的位置:
)
1.Ioftenreadbooksintheevening
2.Dotheyusuallygotoschoolbybike?
3.Hedoesn’tlikemilk.Heneverdrinksit.
4.Sometimesmymothergetsbackatfive.
一般现在时常和以下时间表达法连用。
如:
inthemorning,intheafternoon,intheevening,atnoon,
atnight,everyday,onSunday(s),atseven等。
Dotheyhavemathinthemorning?
Shesleepsninehourseverynight.
Theydon’thaveclassesonSundays.
动词第三人称单数的构成:
1、直接加--s look—looks read—reads play—plays
2.在字母s,x,ch,sh,o后加--es
watch—watches wash—washes go—goes do—does
3.辅音字母加y结尾的动词变y为i,再加--es
carry–carries study–studies
hurry–hurries cry–cries
4.特殊的have--has
【一般现在时练习】选择填空
( )1.A:
Howoften______sheexercise?
B:
Twiceaweek.
A.do B.does C.doing D.did
( )2.I______liketodrinkmilk.
A.not B.doesn’t C.don’t D.no
( )3.Goodfoodandexercise______metostudybetter.
A.helpB.helps C.helping D.tohelp
( )4.Isherlifestylethesame______yoursordifferent?
A.as B.in C.at D.to
( )5.Ilike____forbreakfast.
A.abook B.aruler C.anegg D.asofa
( )6.The____are$21.
A.glasses B.shoe C.table D.bike
( )7.Tennis____myfavoritesport.
A.are B.is C.am D.be
( )8.IhaveatennisandmyfriendJim____twotennisrackets.
A.have B.play C.plays D.has
( )9.“Let’splaycomputergames.”That____interesting.”
A.looks B.sounds C.listensD.reads
( )10.Myfatherlikesfootball.Buthe____it.
Heonly____footballmatchesonTV!
A.plays,watches B.play,watch
C.doesn’tplay,watches D.plays,doesn’twatch
一般过去时
1.意义:
表示过去某个时间或某阶段已经发生或完成的动作或状态,和现在无关。
如:
HewenttoWuhanlastweek.
TheywereinBeijingyesterday.
2.句子的基本结构为:
主语+动词的过去式+---
3.否定结构:
主语+didn’t+动词原形+---
一般疑问句:
Did+主语+动词原形+---?
4.动词过去式的构成:
A.规则的变化:
一般在词尾加ed,不发音的e后加d。
以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y为i加ed
重读闭音节结尾的词,双写最后的辅音字母再加ed。
B.不规则动词的过去式一般是把动词原形加以变化,这需要各个击破,寻找其中的小规律。
写出过去式:
danceplaywatchwashstudycry
shopstopgodoseeget
runswim
句型转换:
1.Iwenttothemuseumyesterday.(对划线部分提问)
2.WestayedathomelastSunday.(对划线部分提问)
3.Myvacationwasprettygood.(对划线部分提问)
4.Thefoodisverydelicious.(对划线部分提问)
5.Theyenjoyedthemselves.(变一般疑问句,并作肯定回答)
6.Isawhimlastweek.(变否定句)
7.JimandBrightwenttothezooyesterday.(对划线部分提问)
8.Thepeopletherewereunfriendly.(对划线部分提问)
(1Whendidyougotothemuseum?
2WheredidyoustaylastSunday?
3Howwasyourvacation?
4Howisthefood?
5Didtheyenjoythemselves?
6Ididn’tseehimlastweek?
7WheredidJimandBrightgoyesterday?
8Howwerethepeoplethere?
)
综合练习1
一、选择题练习
1.Tom____inafactory.Hissisters____inahospital.
A.work/workB.works/workC.work/works
2.Who_____Englishbestinyourclass?
A.speakB.speaksC.speaking
3.MrsRead_____thewindowseveryday.
A.iscleaningB.cleanC.cleans
4.We_____musicandoften_____tomusic.
A.like/listenB.likes/listensC.like/arelistening
5.She_____upatsixinthemorning.
A.getB.getsC.getting
6.OnSundayhesometimes_____hisclothesandsometimes_____someshopping.
A.wash/doB.iswashing/isdoingC.washes/does
7.Thetwinsusually_____milkandbreadforbreakfast,butJim_____somecoffeeforit.
A.have/haveB.have/hasC.has/have
(BBCABCB)
二、填空:
1.Myfatheralways__________(come)backfromworkverylate.
2.Theteacherisbusy.He__________(sleep)sixhoursaday.
3.Listen!
Joan__________(sing)intheclassroom.
Sheoften__________(sing)there.
4.__________yourbrother__________(know)Japanese?
5.Where__________you__________(have)luncheveryday?
6.Thegirl__________(like)wearingaskirt.Look!
She__________(wear)aredskirttoday.
(comes,sleeps,issinging,sings,Does,know,do,have,likes,iswearing)
三、写出下列动词的现在分词形式
1.work_____sing______play_________study__________
2.dance_______have_______write________take__________
3.run_________sit__________shop_________swim__________
4.lie__________
四、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式
1.work_________read________clean________write__________
2.teach_________wash_______guess________watch__________
3.go__________do__________photo________
4.study________fly__________cry_________play__________
5.have________
五、根据中文意思完成句子
1、学生们在干什么?
有一些在打电话,另一些躺在沙滩上。
__________thestudents_____?
Some__________onthephone,_______________onthebeach.
2、“格林先生在看电视吗?
”“不,他在打扫房间。
”
“_____MrGreen_____TV?
”
“_____,He__________thehouse.”
3、魏芳不是在读书,她在写信。
WeiFang__________abook.She__________aletter.
4、今天天气怎么样?
_____istheweathertoday?
____istheweather_____today?
5、我正在通过收音机学(learn)英语。
I__________Englishontheradio.
6、这个老人每天早上六点钟起床。
Theoldman__________atsixo’clockeveryday.
7、你从哪里来?
Where_____youfrom?
Where_____you_____from?
我从美国来。
I_____fromAmerica.
I_____fromAmerica.
(1What,are,doing,are,talking,Some,are,lying,2Is,watching,No,iscleaning
3isn’t,reading,is,writing4How,What,like5am,learning,6gets,up,
7are,do,come,am,come)
综合练习2
一.动词时态填空:
(有的空不止填一个词)
1.I_________(be)fromAmerica.I_________(speak)English.
2.Billoften________(go)toschoolbybike,buthe_________(go)toschoolonfootthismorningbecausehisbike________(be)broken.
3.What_______Jim________(do)?
Heisastudent.
4.Canyou________(tell)methewaytothepostoffice?
5.Where______hisparents______(work)now,doyouknow?
6.Wehaveto________(clean)ourclassroomonSundays.
7.Look!
Thechildren_________(play)volleyballoutside.
8.YesterdayAnn________(visit)AuntWangwith