全新版大学英语综合教程二重点词组.docx
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全新版大学英语综合教程二重点词组
UnitOneWaysofLearning
TextALearning,Chinese-Style
LanguageFocus
1.attach:
fastenorjoin（onethingtoanother）（usedinthepattern:
attachsth.tosth.）
Examples:
Scientistsdiscoveredtheycouldmeasurewindspeedbyattachingawindmetertoakiteandsendingitup.
Attachedtothisletteryouwillfindacopyofthedocumentyouaskedfor.
四级大纲中动词后跟to的类似词组还有：
adapt…to使适应于
add…to加到……上
adjust…to（使）适应于
admitto承认
agreeto同意（某一建议、安排等）
amountto总计达,相当于,等于
apologizeto向（某人）道歉
appealto向……呼吁;诉诸于;对……有吸引力
applyto向（某人）申请
attendto处理,料理;照顾,照料
belongto属于
challenge…to向……挑战,要求（比赛、决斗等）
communicate…to向……传达
compare…to把……比作
confessto承认,忏悔
confine…to把……限制在
consentto同意,答应
contributeto捐献,捐赠;有助于
correspondto相当于;相符,符合
devote…to为……而奉献
entitle…to给……权利（或资格）
leadto（路等）通向;导致
limit…to把……限制到
objectto反对
occurto被想到,出现在脑海中
owe…to把……归功于
prefer…to喜欢……胜过……
proposeto向……求婚
reactto对……作出反应
referto提到,涉及;查阅,参考
relateto有关,涉及
replyto对……作出回答
resortto诉诸,求助于
respondto回答,响应
seeto处理
stickto坚持;忠于,信守
subjectto使遭受,使服从
submitto服从,听从
surrenderto投降,屈服
turnto找（某人寻求帮助等）
yieldto投降,让步
2.notintheleast:
notatall
Examples;IamnotintheleasttouchedbytheMarilynMonroekindofbeauty.
Anndidn'tseemintheleastconcernedaboutherstudy.
3.findone'sway:
reachadestinationnaturally;arriveat
Examples:
Shanghaiisnotaneasycitytofindyourwayaround.
Drunkashewas,Peterstillfoundhiswayhome.
Similarphrases:
struggleone’sway;elbowone’sway;makeone’sway;pushone’sway,etc.
4.phenomenon:
（pl.phenomena）sth.thathappensorexistsandthatcanbeseenorexperienced
Examples:
HurricanesarearelativelycommonphenomenonintheCaribbean.
Stress-relatedillnessisacommonphenomenoninbigcities.
Thunderandlighteningarenaturalphenomena.
5.Initial:
oforatthebeginning,first（adj.,usedonlybeforen.）
Examples:
Ifacarsuddenlypullsoutinfrontofyou,yourinitialreactionmayincludefearandanger.
Theirinitialburstofenthusiasmdieddownwhentheyrealizedhowmuchworkthejobinvolved.
6.assist:
help（usedinthepattern:
assistsb.todosth.,assistsb.withsth.）
Examples:
Theprofessorwasassistinghisstudentstopreparetheirproject.
Thecollegestudentdecidedtoassisttheboywithhisstudy.
Wordchoice:
help,assist,give/lendahand,helpout,cometosb’said/assistance,aid,give/sendaid
Helpandassistcanbothdescribepeopleorinstitutionshelpingeachotherdoajob.However,assistismoreformalandoftensuggeststhatthepersonassistingisdoingasimpleorunimportantpartofwhathastobedone,e.g.
Mycompanyassistsbusinessesinalltheirofficecleaningrequirements.
Youwillassisttheadministrativeofficerwithday-to-dayorganization.
InmoreinformalEnglishpeopleoftenusegive/lendahandorhelpout,especiallywherethereissomethingpracticaltodoandnotenoughpeopletodoit:
Canyougivemeahandwiththedrinks?
Isometimeslendahand/helpoutateholdfolk’shome.
Ifsomeoneisindangerortrouble,youmayhelpthemormoreformallycometotheiraid/assistance:
Mycar’sbrokendown,canyouhelp?
Ifyougetintodifficulties,thelifeguardwillcometoyourassistance.
Ifaperson,charity,orgovernmenthelpswithmoneyorothernecessarythings,aid（formal）oroftengive/sendaidmaybeused;helpwouldbeusedinformally:
ManyprojectsareaidedbyOxfam.
Aidwillbesenttotheareaassoonaspossible.
Pleasehelpthehomeless.
7.insert:
put,fit,place（in,into,between）
Examples:
Waitforacoupleofminuteswithyourmouthclosedbeforeinsertingthethermometer.
Thedoctorcarefullyinsertedtheneedleintomyleftarm.
8.somewhat:
tosomedegree,alittleExamples:
ItisreportedthatconditionsinthevillagehaveimprovedsomewhatsinceNovember.
____"Areyouconcernedaboutyourexamresults?
"
____"Somewhat."
9.await:
（fml）waitfor
Awaitisafairlycommonwordinformalwriting,butyoudonotusuallyuseitinconversation.Insteadyouuse"waitfor."Examples:
Wemustawaittheresultsoffieldstudiesyettocome.
AfterIsenttheletteraskingforajob,Ihadnothingtodobutawaittheanswer.
10.onoccasion:
nowandthen
Examples'.Iwasusuallytheonlyforeignparticipant,althoughonoccasionIbroughtotherAmericansinasguests.
Stevespentalmostallhistimedoinghisresearch,but,onoccasion,hewouldtakehissontoseeafilm.
11.neglect:
givetoolittleattentionorcareto
Examples:
Hegavetoomuchattentiontohiscareer,workinglonghoursandneglectinghiswife.
Theirinvestmentturnedouttobeafailureandthemanagerwasaccusedofneglectinghisduties.
Cf.:
ignore:
paynoattentiontosb./sth.onpurpose,orasifsth.hasnothappened
Example:
Isaid"Goodmorning"toher,butshejustignoredmeandwalkedon.
12.relevant:
directlyconnectedwiththesubject（followedbyto,oppositeirrelevant）Examples:
Onlyafewpeoplefeelthedebateaboutthecloningofhumanbeingsisrelevanttotheirdailylives.
WhilewritingmytermpaperIwasabletoborrowalltherelevantbooksfromtheschoollibrary.
13.investigate:
trytofindoutinformationabout（usedinthepattern:
investigatesth.,investigate+wh-clause）Examples:
Policearestillinvestigatinghowthecaraccidenthappened.
Wecanassureyouthatyourcomplaintwillbefullyandproperlyinvestigated.
14.exception:
sb./sth.thatacommentorstatementdoesnotapplytoExamples:
Normally,parentsaren'tallowedtositinontheclasses,butinyourcasewecanmakeanexception.
Wefeelthatallthestudentsinthisclass,withoneortwoexceptions,supporttheeducationalreforms.
Withoutexceptionallouryoungsterswantedtoleaveschoolandstartwork.
Whenyouarementioninganexception,youoftenusetheexpression"withtheexceptionof”.
Example:
Weallwenttoseethefilm,withtheexceptionofOtto,whocomplainedoffeelingunwell.
15.onone'sown:
1）withoutanyone'shelp
Examples;Youneedn'tgivemeanyhelp.Iamabletomanageonmyown.
Therearejobsyourchildcandoonherown.
2）alone
Examples:
Thechildwasleftonherownforhoursashermomhadtodealwiththeemergency.
I'drathernotgotodanceonmyown.Idowishyou'dcomewithme.
四级大纲中以on开始的类似词组还有:
onalarge（small）scale大（小）规模地
onaccountof由于，因为
onan/theaverage平均，通常
onbehalfof代表，为了
onboard在船（车、飞机）上
onbusiness因公，因事
onconditionthat如果
onduty当班，值班
onearth究竟，到底
onfire起火，着火
onfoot步行
onguard站岗，值班
onhand在场，在手边
onone’sguard警惕，提防
onpurpose故意，有意
onsale出售；廉价出售
onschedule按时间表，准时
onsecondthoughts经重新考虑，继而想
onthecontrary正相反
onthegroundsof根据，以……为理由
onthepointof即将……的时候
ontheroad在旅途中，在……过程中
ontheside作为兼职，作为副业，正事以外
onthespot在场，到场；马上，当场
onthewhole总的来说，大体上
ontime准时
16.accomplish:
managetodo（sth.）
Examples:
Unlessyoupracticeyou'llaccomplishnothing.
Consideringtheircapacity,thepossibilityofaccomplishingthetaskisnothigh.
IfIworkhard,IthinkIcanaccomplishmygoalofgetting6A'sattheendofthesemester.
17.induecourse:
atthepropertime;eventually
Examples'.Yourbookwillbepublishedinduecourse.
Bepatient.You'llgetyourpromotioninduecourse.
18.critical:
1）veryimportant
Examples;Environmentalistssayacriticalfactorinthecity'spollutionisitspopulation.
Howwellyouaccomplishthistaskwillbecriticaltothesuccessofyourcareer.
2）veryseriousordangerous
Examples:
Inyesterday'scaraccident,tenpeoplewerekilledandfivepeoplearestillinacriticalcondition.
AsthesituationinAfghanistanbecamecritical,theUNSecretary-Generalappointedaspecialrepresentativetotackleit.
19.principal:
adj.（ratherfml）main,chief
Examples;Thecouple'sprincipalconcernistoearnenoughmoneytosendtheirchildrentoschool.
Herprincipalinterestinlifewastobeaworld-renownedpianist.
n.Theprincipalofaschoolorcollegeisthepersoninchargeofit.
Example:
Complaintsfromthestudentsbeganarrivingattheprincipal'soffice.
Cf.:
principle（seeConfusableWordsp.16）
Aprincipleisabasicrulethatexplainsorcontrolshowsomethingworksoraguidingruleforbehaviour.
Examples:
Thesemachinesworkonthesameprinciple.
Mr.Wardisamanofhighprinciples.
20.makeupfor:
repaywithsth.good,compensatefor
Examples'-Ididn'ttravelmuchwhenIwasyounger,butI'mcertainlymakingupforlosttimenow.
Herhusbandboughtherapresenttomakeupforquarrelingwithherthedaybefore.
21.inretrospect:
onevaluatingthepast;uponreflection
Examples:
TheyoungmanknewinretrospectthatheshouldhavemarriedhisfirstloveEmily.
Inretrospect,IwishthatIhadchosenbiologyasmymajor.
四级大纲中以in开始的类似词组还有:
inasense从某种程度上，从某点上看
inanycase/event无论如何，不管怎样
inbrief简单地说
incommon共同的，共有的
inconsequence因此，结果
indebt欠债，欠情
indetail详细地
indifficulty处境困难
ineffect实际上，事实上
infavorof支持，赞成
ingeneral一般来说，大体上
inhand在进行中，待办理
inhonorof为庆祝，为纪念
initself本质上，就其本身而言
inline成一条直线，成一排
inlinewith与……一致；与……符合
inmemoryof纪念
innocase无论如何不，决不
innotime立即，马上
innoway决不
inorder按顺序，按次序；整齐
inpart部分地
inparticular特别，尤其
inperson亲自，本人
inplace在合适的位置
inplaceof代替，取代，交换
inpractice在实践中，实际上
inproportionto与……成比例
inpublic公开地，当众
inquantity大量
inquestion正在谈论的
inregardto关于，至于
inrelationto有关，与……相比
inreturn作为报答
insight看得见，被见到；在望，在即
instep齐步，合拍；一致，协调
intears流着泪，在哭着
inthecourseof在……期间,在……过程中
intheeventof如果……发生,万一
inthefaceof不顾,即使;在……前面
intheleast丝毫,一点儿
in（the）lightof鉴于,由于
intheway挡道,妨碍人的
intheworld究竟,到底
intouch联系,接触
invain陡然,白费力
22.extreme:
verygreat
Example:
Thegirlswereafraidofsnake
升级会员 