高考英语二轮复习专题阅读理解Ⅰ测.docx

高考英语二轮复习专题阅读理解Ⅰ测.docx

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高考英语二轮复习专题阅读理解Ⅰ测

专题3阅读理解Ⅰ：

主旨大意题

班级姓名学号分数

（测试时间：

45分钟）

1.【四川省蓉城名校高2018届高三上学期第一次联考】C

Sure,chocolateisadelicioustreat,andit’sastapleofsomeofourfavoritedesserts.Butit’snotahealthfood,soitshouldbeenjoyedinmoderation-right?

Well,itturnsoutthateatingchocolatemightactuallyhaveaprettysignificanthealthbenefit.AccordingtoresearchconductedbyfivescientistsinItaly,compoundsfoundinchocolate,calledflavanols,canhelpboostcognitive（认知的）performance.Yup,chocolate’sgoodforyourbrain.

Thescientists,studyingattheUniversitiesofRomeandL’Aquila,summarizedresearchfromtendifferentstudies.Thestudiesassessedpeople’sperformanceoncognitivetestsbeforeandaftereatingcocoaorchocolate.Theresultswereprettytelling:

innineoutofthetenstudies,therewasanoticeableimprovementafterthesubjectshadeatenthechocolate.Thescientistsfoundimprovementsin“generalcognition,attention,processingspeedandworkingmemory.”Soundsprettygoodtous!

Andthat’snotall.Insubjects,especiallywomen,whoperformedthetestswhilesleep-deprived,theflavanolshelpedrelievethenegativeeffectsofthesleepdeprivation.Andthere’sevenmoregoodnews.Theresearchersalsofoundthateatingchocolatedaily（overperiodsrangingfromfivedaystothreemonths）producednoticeablelong-termimprovementsincognition.Olderadults,whosememorieswerealreadydeclining,sawanespeciallysignificantimprovement.

Allchocolatehasflavanols,sincetheyoccurnaturallyincocoa.However,darkchocolateloversfeelhappy,becauseithasmoreflavanolsthananyothertypeofchocolate.Infact,thescientiststhemselveshaveclaimedthat,afterdoingthisresearch,they’vestartedeatingdarkchocolateeveryday!

Now,we’renotsayingyoushouldstarteatingchocolateforbreakfast,lunchanddinner-it’sstillhighinsugarandlowinnutrients.Butnexttimeyoufindyourselfyawningafterasleeplessnight,snackonsomechocolateandlettheflavanolsworktheirmagic.

11.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Chocolateisabeneficialbutunhealthyfood.

B.Eatingchocolatebenefitsourlearning.

C.Eatingchocolateworksonyoursleep.

D.Chocolatecontainslownutrients.

【答案】11.A

2.【河北省衡水中学2018届高三上学期五调考】B

MymotherdiedinAugust2005．Eightmonthslater，Ibegantocomeoutofthefogofsadnessanddepressiontofindanewpurposeformylife．

Likemanyofmygeneration，Ihadlivedonlyformyself—traveling，acquiringpossessions，risingtoapositionofimportanceandseekingfinancialrewards．Iwas“charitable”and“volunteered”forvariouscauses，butreallydidn’tgiveofmyself．

Inthespringaftermymom’sdeath，Ifoundmyselfwakinginthemiddleofthenightwithonethought．Ifeltforcedtooffermyselfasalivingkidneydonor．MyhusbandRobbhadreceivedthegiftoflifethroughakidneytransplant（移植）fromadeaddonorin1999，soIwasfamiliarwiththeenormousneedfordonorsandknewseveralpeoplewhowerewaitingforalifesavingtransplant．Idecidedtooffermyselftobematchedwiththemostcompatible（互不排斥的）persononthewaitinglistatmylocaltransplantcenter．

Iwaspairedwith71-year-oldDeefromNewJersewhohadsurvivedforsixyearsonperitonealdialysis（腹腔透析）．Ather70thbirthday，herfamilythrewabigpartyastheydidnotexpecthertolivemuchlonger．Deehasbecomemyverygoodfriend．Almosttwoyearsafterthetransplant，Iwasprivilegedtocelebrateher50thweddinganniversarywithherhusband，theirfivechildrenandtheirextendedfamily．

Indonatingmykidney，IextendedmyselfinawayfarbeyondwhatIeverbelievedwaspossible．Ididsoinhonorofmymotherwhosacrificedsomuchformeandmysisters，andinmemoryofmyhusband’sdonorwhoextendedher1ifethroughhim．

Iencourageallwhoenjoythegiftofgoodhealthtosharewithothers，eitherasalivingdonororbyappointingorgandonationupondeath．Byextendingyourselfthroughorgandonation，youwillliveonthroughothersinanextraordinarywayandgivecomforttoyourlovedones．

7.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthistext?

A.Anoldladybenefitedfromorgandonation

B.Thememoryofmybelovedmother

C.Thedeepmeaningoflove

D.Extendyourself

【答案】7.D

3.【广西贵港市2018届高三上学期12月联考】D

Whenseeingthedoctor,youfeelbettertoknowyouwillgetsomemedicine.Butthedoctorknowsthatmedicineisnotalwaysneeded.Sometimesallasickpersonneedsissomereassurance（安想）thatallwillbewell.Insuchcasesthedoctormayprescribeaplacebo.

Aplaceboisasugarpill,aharmlessshot,oranemptycapsule.Thepatientthinksitismedicineandbeginstogetbetter.Howdoesthishappen?

Thestudyoftheplaceboopensupnewknowledgeaboutthewaythehumanbodycanhealitself.Itisasiftherewasadoctorineachofus.Thedoctorwillhealthebodyforusifweletit.Butitisnotyetknownjusthowtheplaceboworkstohealthebody.Somepeoplesayitworksbecausethehumanmindfoolsitself.Thesepeoplesaythatifthemindisfooledintothinkingitgotmedicine,thenitwillactasifitdid,andthebodywillfeelbetter.

Placebosdon’talwayswork.Thesuccessofthistreatmentseemstorestalotwiththerelationshipbetweenthepatientandthedoctor.Ifthepatienthaslotsoftrustinthedoctorandifthedoctorreallywantstohelpthepatient,thentheplaceboismorelikelytowork.Soinaway,thedoctoristhemostpowerfulplaceboofall.

Aplacebocanalsohavebadeffects.Ifpatientsexpectabadreactiontomedicine,thenthey’llalsoshowabadreactiontotheplacebo.Somedoctorsstillthinkthatiftheplacebocanhavebadeffectsitshouldneverbeused.Theythinkthereisstillnotenoughknownaboutit.

Thestrangepoweroftheplacebodoesseemtosuggestthatthehumanmindisstrongerthanwethinkitis.Therearepeoplewhosayyoucanhealyourbodybyusingyourmind.Andtheinterestingthingisthatevenpeoplewhoswearthisisnotpossiblehavebeenhealedbyaplacebo.

15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Placebo:

WorkonYourMind

B.Placebo:

TheMostPowerfulMedicine

C.Placebo:

TheBestDoctor

D.Placebo:

HealtheBody

【答案】15.A

4.【东北三省三校2017届高三第二次联合模拟】D

Dormitorymanagementofficialsinuniversitiessaythatlatelytheyarenoticingsomethingdifferent:

studentsseemtolackthewillandskilltoaddresstheirordinaryconflicts.“Wehavestudentswhoaremadateachotherandtheytexteachotherinthesameroom,”saysateacher.“Somanyofourroommateconflictsarebecausekidsdon’tknowhowtonegotiate.”

Andasmanypsychologistswilltellyou,bottledemotionsleadtosilentunhappinessthatcanboiloverintofrustrationandanger.“AtFloridaUniversity,emotionaloutbreaksoccuraboutonceaweek,”thedormitorydirectorsays.“Itusedtobe:

‘Let’ssitdownandtalkaboutit,’”hesays.“Recently,roommateconflictshaveincreased.Thestudentsdon’thavetheperson-to-persondiscussionsandtheydon’tknowhowtohandlethem.”Theproblemismostimpressiveamongfreshmen;dormitoryofficialssaysomestudentsevenneverseemtocatchontillgraduation,andtheyworryabouthowsuchstudentswilldealwithconflictsaftercollege.

AdministratorssupposethatrelyingoncellphonesandtheInternetmayhavemadeiteasierforyoungpeopletoavoiduncomfortablemeetings.Whyexpressangerinpersonwhenyoucandoitinatext?

Facebookmakesthesituationworseascomplaintsgopublic.“Thingsarepostedonsomeone’swallonFacebook:

‘Oh,myroommatekeptmeupallnightstudying,”’saysDanaPysz,anassistantdirectorinthehousingofficeatCaliforniaUniversity.“It’sadifferentwaytoexpresstheirconflictstoeachother.”InrecentgroupdiscussionsatNorthCarolinaStateUniversity,studentssaidtheywouldnotevenaccusethenoisyneighborsontheirfloorfacetoface.

Administratorsalsopointtoparentswhohavefixedtheirchildren’sproblemsintheirentirelives.Nowincollege,thechildrenlacktheskillstoattendtoevenmodestconflicts.Wouldtheseparentscontinuetotakecareofeverythingoncampus?

35.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Students’UnhappyLifeinUniversityB.Parents’AttentioninChildren’sLife

C.Students’FailuretoDealwithConflictsD.Teachers’ConcernsaboutStudents

【答案】35.C

5.【四川省成都外国语学校2018届高三12月月考】C

Masscommunicationhasbeengrowingandaffectingthewaycommunitiesandpeoplebehave.Ateverystageofthedevelopmentofcommunication,fromthetelegraphtotheInternet,societieshavehadtoadapttoitseffects.Buthavetheeffectsbeenmorepositiveornegative?

Thesaying“knowledgeispower”hasbeenanexcellentmotivatorforpeopletoimprovetheirlives,buttodaythemassiveamountofinformationavailablethroughtheInternetdoesn'talwaysseemtobehelpingpeopleinthewaywe’dhoped.Ratherthanimprovingpeople’slivesandbringingusclosertogether,theinformationageismakingusmoredividedandirresponsible.

Nevertheless,manypeoplefindcomfortintheirvirtual（虚拟的）worldsandarehappytoconnectwithreal-lifefriendsandonlinefriendsfromthefamiliarsurroundingsoftheirlivingrooms.However,beingabletoreinventthemselvesonlineandbewhoevertheywanttobeleadstothequestionofwhethertheyarelosingtheiridentitiesbylivinginavirtualworld.It'snotallbadnews,however.Masscommunicationhashelpedchangesomeattitudesforthebetter.Takeourviewsontheenvironmentforexample.Internetcampaignsbygovernmentsandotherorganizationshavehelpedpopularizetheideasofrecycling,protectingwildlifeandreducingpollution.

Modernelectroniccommunicationnowinfluenceseveryaspectofourlives-itisapowerfultoolthathasraised