备考高考高考英语专题复习阅读理解.docx

备考高考高考英语专题复习阅读理解.docx

《备考高考高考英语专题复习阅读理解.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《备考高考高考英语专题复习阅读理解.docx（24页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

备考高考高考英语专题复习阅读理解

【备考高考】高考英语专题复习阅读理解

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   Babiesborninsummeraremorelikelytobecomeshort-sightedinlatelife,astudyhasshown.

   Asmanyasaquarterofallcasesofshort-sightednessarecausedbytoogreatanexposuretosunlightinthefirstweeksoflife,sayeyeexperts.

   Theyareadvisingallparentstoputsunglassesontheirbabiesduringthefirstweeks.

   Scientistshadalreadyestablishedthatover-exposuretosunlightcausedshortsightednessinanimals.

   Researcherswhocomparedthemonthsinwhichbabieswerebornwithwhethertheyneededglasseslateronsaytheprinciplealsoappliestohumans.

   Astudyofalmost300,000youngadults-thelargestofitskind-showedthatthoseborninJuneandJulyhada25percentgreaterchanceofbecomingseverelyshort-sightedthanthoseborninDecemberorJanuary.

   ResearchleaderProfessorMichaelBelkin,ofTelAvivUniversity,saiditwasbecauseprolongedillumination（光照）causestheeyeballtolengthen-causingshort-sightedness.

   Hencethemorelightanewbornisexposedto,themoretheeyeballlengthensandtheworsetheshort-sightednesswillbe.

   Themechanismwhichlengthenstheeyeballisassociatedwithlevelsofmelatonin（褪黑激素）,apigment（色素）whichprotectstheskinagainstharmfulraysofthesun.

   Inyoungbabiesnotenoughmelatoninisreleasedasprotection,meaningtheyaremorevulnerabletosunburnandchangestoeyeballshape.

   SightexpertProfessorDanielO'Leary,ofAngliaRuskinUniversityinCambridge,said"Atthemomentwedon'tknowtheprecisecauseofwhylightexposureaffectssight,buttheevidenceseemstoprovethatitisoneofthereasonsforpeoplebecomingshortsighted."

（1）Babiesborninsummeraremorelikelytobeshortsighted____________.

A. becausethesummersunistoostrongforbabies

B. becausebabiesborninsummerhavelengthenedeyeballs

C. iftheyareexposedtoomuchsunlightinthefirstweeksaftertheyarebornD

 ifparentsdon'tknowaproperwaytoprotecttheirbabies'eyes

（2）Melatoninisakindofmaterialto___________.

A. preventtheeyesfrombecomingnear-sighted     

B. protecttheskinfromharmfulsunrays

C. makeourbodystrong                                             D. protectbabies'eyesfromsummersun

（3）FromwhatProfessorDanielO'Learysayswecanconcludethat___________.

A. thereisnoevidencethatshortsightednessisrelatedtoexposuretosunlight

B. whetherlightexposureaffectssightstillneedstobefurtherproved

C. hebelievesthatlightexposurecancauseshortsightedness

D. hetriestogivethecauseofwhylightexposureaffectssight

（4）Theunderlinedword"vulnerable"inthepassageprobablymeans__________.

A. easytobeharmed                   

B. resistant                   

C. protective                   

D. changeable

【答案】

（1）C

（2）B

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明在夏季出生的婴儿长大后更容易成为近视眼，眼科专家称多达四分之一的近视眼病例是由于在出生后前几周里暴露阳光太久造成。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段和第二段可知，眼科专家称：

在夏季出生的婴儿长大后更容易成为近视眼，因为由于婴儿在出生后前几周里暴露阳光太久造成。

故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据倒数第三段中的“Themechanismwhichlengthenstheeyeballisassociatedwithlevelsofmelatonin（褪黑激素）,apigment（色素）whichprotectstheskinagainstharmfulraysofthesun.“可知，褪黑激素是一种可以保护皮肤不受阳光紫外线伤害的色素。

故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段可知，剑桥大学的 视学专家DanielO'Leary教授相信暴露在阳光下会导致人们近视眼。

故选C。

（4）考查词义猜测。

在婴幼儿时期，没有产生足够的褪黑激素作为保护，婴幼儿更容易被阳光灼伤，并且改变眼球的形状。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   AsthePresidentofArielInvestments,Iamoftenaskedhowtocultivate（培养）greenhandstobequalifiedforanewjobwithinashorttime.MymemoriestakemestraightbacktothedayswhenIworkedforJohnW.Rogers.

   Whileincollege,Iworkedasanintern（实习生）atArielInvestments.Astheyoungestgirlofsixkidsfromasinglemom,Ihadverylittleknowledgeofthebusinessworld.WhenIgraduated,Idecidedtoreturntothecompanytoimprovemyself.

   Attheageof22,myperspectivewasgreatlyinfluencedbylunchingwiththecompany'sfounderandthen-president,JohnW.Rogers.HetoldmethatIwouldoftenfindmyselfinthecompanyofrichandsuccessfulpeoplewithbigtitles,lotsofdegreesandlotsofexperience.Andyet,myideascouldstillbeasgoodorevenbetter,hesaid.Thisearlyadvicebecametheguidingforcethathashelpedmethroughoutmyentirecareer.WhenIwasstartingout,Ithoughtmyinexperiencewasholdingmeback,butJohnsaidthatitwasagoodthing.Hetoldmethatbeinginexperiencedmeansthatyouhaveafreshpointofview.

   Asmytutor,Johnencouragedmetobebrave.Asmyboss,hetooksomegiantleapsoffaithtosupportme.Becauseofourfirstlunchandtheyearsofsupportthatfollowed,Ineverthoughttwiceaboutspeakingup,raisingmyhandortakingaseatatthetable.Stayinginthebackgroundwasneverachoice.ButJohn'sadvicecamewithoneimportantwarning.Ineededtokeepmyattitudeincheck.It'sonethingtobefirmbutquiteanothertoberude.Similarly,thereisafinelinebetweenconfidenceandoverconfidence.Withthatinmind,IhavehadtolearntobalancethewayIactaroundothers.Assomeoneoncetoldme,"thegoalistobenon-threatenedandnon-threateningatthesametime."

（1）Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthetext?

A.ShewenttoArielInvestmentsaftergraduationforpractice.

B.Shemadehervoiceheardwithencouragementfromherboss.

C.Hermiserablechildhoodhadanegativeeffectonherwork.

D.Herperformanceduringinternshipwashighlypraisedinpublic.

（2）DuetoJohnW.Rogers'advice,theauthor_______.

A.learnedtostrikeabalancebetweenworkandlife

B.contributedherideasonlyafterlisteningtoothers'

C.nolongerfeltlostandbecameawareofherownvalue

D.switchedtoadifferentcompanytodisplayhertalent

（3）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.KeepYourAttitudeunderControl.

B.EncourageYourEmployeestoGrow.

C.LetYourSuccessBeYourNoise.

D.LiveaLifewithaHighGoal.

（4）Whowouldprobablybenefitmostfromthisarticle?

A.Companybosses.

B.Thosenewtoajob.

C.Businessconsultants.

D.Experiencedteammates.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作为实习生，作者在实习期间受到公司的创始人、董事长JohnW.Rogers深深地影响，JohnW.Rogers鼓励作者要敢于思考、发表自己的想法，也鼓励作者要勇敢，因为JohnW.Rogers，作者也学习到"要有锋芒却不伤人"。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的"Attheageof22,myperspectivewasgreatlyinfluencedbylunchingwiththecompany'sfounderandthen-president,JohnW.Rogers."作者22岁时的想法被JohnW.Rogers极大地影响，故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的"myideascouldstillbeasgoodorevenbetter,hesaid.Thisearlyadvicebecametheguidingforcethathashelpedmethroughoutmyentirecareer."JohnW.Rogers说作者的想法可以很好甚至可以更好，这些建议对于作者整个职业生涯造成了非常大的影响，这些影响使得作者不再感到迷茫，同时也开始意识到自己的价值。

故选C。

（3）考查主旨大意。

根据最后一段中的"‘Withthatinmind,IhavehadtolearntobalancethewayIactaroundothers.Assomeoneoncetoldme,’thegoalistobenon-threatenedandnon-threateningatthesametime."可知，作者通过自己的经历告诉读者，要平衡自信与自负之间的关系，而且曾经有人告诉作者"要有锋芒，但也不要伤人"，即能控制自己的态度，总结概括了文章的主旨。

故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。

第一段提到作者非常擅长培养新手，同时作者也回忆了自己在做实习生时的上司对作者的指导，这些对于刚入职场的人而言都是非常好的工作经验，因此这篇文章特别适合职场新手。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   ToensureanexcellentexperienceduringyourtouroftheMarkTwainHouse,herearesomeguidelinesandgeneralinformation:

TheHouseisShownOnlybyGuidedTour.

   Toensureanoptimum（最佳）experience,housetoursarelimitedto14people,first-come,first-served.Ifyourgrouphasmorethan10people,call（860）280-3130toreserveadiscountedgrouptourinadvanceofyourvisit.Ifyouhaveapartyoffewerthan10peoplefeelfreetopurchaseticketsonline:

WewillholdthematWillCall.Thetourscheduleisusuallyonlineaboutamonthinadvance.

Oursiteismadeupofthreebuildings

   TheWebsterBankMuseumCenterattheMarkTwainHouse&Museumisalwaysyourfirstandlaststopasithousesourticketcounter,museumstore,film,exhibitsandcafe.AlltoursgatherinthemuseumcenterbeforeheadingovertoMarkTwain'shistoric1874home.MarkTwain'shistoriccarriagehouseisthethirdbuildingonourproperty,butisgenerallynotopentothepublic.Thehayloft（干草棚）hasbeenrepurposedintoofficesandthemainfloorofthebarnisaspaceavailableforrentforpartiesandmeetings.

Coupons&Discounts

   TheMarkTwainHouseoffersonlyafewcouponsanddiscounts.ThepriceyoupayforadmissionhelpsusmaintainthebeautyofthisiconofAmericanarchitecture.Ifyouareluckyenoughtofindoneofthosespecialoffersonlineoratyourlocallibrary,keepinmindtheyaregoodonlyforthegeneralMarkTwainHouseTours.Nopassesordiscountsmaybeappliedtoourspecialtytours.

（1）Whatkindoftourbookedbeforehandenjoysadiscount?

A.Specialtytour.

B.Guidedtour

C.Grouptourwith9people.

D.Grouptourwith13people.

（2）Whichplaceisnotavailabletotourists?

A.TheWebsterBankMuseumCenter.

B.MarkTwain'shistoriccarriagehouse.

C.Thehayloft.

D.MarkTwain'shistoric1874home.

（3）Whatisthepurposeofchargingadmissionfees?

A.Toearnmoremoney.

B.Towellpreservethehouse.

C.TosupportMarkTwain'sfamily.

D.Toofferpartiesandmeetings.

【答案】

（1）D

（2）B

（3）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了参观马克·吐温故居的指南和信息。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据TheHouseisShownOnlybyGuidedTour.部分中的 "Ifyourgrouphasmorethan10people,call（860）280-3130toreserveadiscountedgrouptourinadvanceofyourvisit."可知，如果您的团体人数超过10人，请在您参观之前致电（860）280-3130预订折扣的团体游，可知，13人旅行团提前预定可以享受折扣，故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据Oursiteismadeupofthreebuildings部分中的"MarkTwain'shistoriccarriagehouseisthethirdbuildingonourproperty,butisgenerallynotopentothepublic."可知，马克·吐温的马车屋是不对游客开放的，故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据Coupons&