高考英语专题复习阅读理解附答案.docx

高考英语专题复习阅读理解附答案.docx

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高考英语专题复习阅读理解附答案

高考英语专题复习阅读理解（附答案）

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   Doyouknowthatjunkfoodisn'thealthy?

Ofcourseyoudo!

Doyoueatitanyway?

Ofcourseyoudo!

Butanewstudyshowsteachingadolescentsaboutthewaysfoodcompaniesfoolthemintothinkingjunkfoodiscoolcanencouragekidstofightback—byeatinghealthier.

   Thepullofjunkfoodcanbesuper-strong.It'sdesignedtotasty;whichmakeseatingwelloneofthegreathealthchallengesofourtime.Everyonefromdoctorstothegovernmenthasbeentryingtohandleit.Yetwekeepeatingjunkfood.

   ProfessorChristopherBryansays,"Foodcompanieswantyoutowantjunkfood."Theyspendmillionsofdollarscomingupwithnewwaysto^promotejunkfoodconsumption.Theyhirescientiststomakenewjunkfoodalmostirresistible.Theymightdothis,forexample,byaddingmoresugar.Ratsfedjunkfoodforsixweekswillevenwalkacrossafloorthatgivesthemelectricshocksjusttogetmoreofsuchfood.

   Foodadsoftenmakeunhealthyjunkfoodseemhealthybyfeaturingprofessionalathletes,fit-lookingpopstarsandsmiling,activeteens."Wethoughtwhenthestudentslearnedthis,itwouldmattertothem,"Bryansays.Heworkedwith8thgradersataTexasschool.HalfofthemgotalessonBryancreated.Itfocusedonthewaysjunkfoodisadvertised,ormarketed.Asecondgroupreceivedlessonsthatfocusedonhealth.Theselessonsinformedstudentsjunkfoodishad,andthatfoodslikeapplesorcarrotsareabetterchoice.Thestudentslearnedabaddietcanleadtomajorweightgain,andthatbeingoverweightputspeopleatriskforseriousdiseases.Theyalsolearnedhoweatingwellnowcankeepyouhealthywhenyou'reolder.

   Afterthelessons,thekidsinbothgroupswereaskedhowtheyfeltaboutjunkfood.Mostdidn'thavepositivefeelingsabouttheseunhealthyfoods.

（1）Whydoestheauthormentionthequestionsinparagraph1?

A. Toexpresshisdoubtsaboutjunkfood.          B. Topromotetheideaofhealthyeating.

C. Todescribethesituationofjunkfood.           D. Tointroducethetopicfordiscussion.

（2）Whatremainsagreathealthchallengetodoctors?

A. Makingpeopledomoreexercise.                  

B. Makingpeopleeathealthily.

C. Makingpeopleloseweight.                            D. Makingpeoplepreferjunkfood.

（3）Whatmessagedoesparagraph3mainlytrytoconvey?

A. Whatmakesjunkfoodalmostimpossibletoresist.

B. Whatinfluencesjunkfoodcanhaveonconsumers.

C. Howfoodcompaniestrytogetpeopletoreachforjunkfood.

D. Whyfoodcompaniespromotetheconsumptionofjunkfood.

（4）WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeBryan'slessons?

A. Shocking.                          

B. Popular.                          

C. Effective.                          

D. Abstract.

【答案】

（1）D

（2）B

（3）C

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明：

让青少年了解食品公司的推销方式比单纯告诉他们垃圾食品的危害更能让他们选择健康的饮食。

（1）考查推理判断。

纵观全文可知本文介绍了一项研究：

让青少年了解食品公司的推销方式比单纯告诉他们垃圾食品的危害更能让他们选择健康的饮食。

可以推断出，文章第一段中提及那两个问题Doyouknowthatjunkfoodisn'thealthy?

你知道垃圾食品不健康吗？

Doyoueatitanyway?

你仍然还吃垃圾食品？

是为了引出本文要讨论的话题。

故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“It'sdesignedtobetasty,whichmakeseatingwelloneofthegreathealthchallengesofourtime.Everyonefromdoctorstothegovernmenthasbeentryingtohandleit.”可知，垃圾食品很美味，这使吃得好成为一个巨大的健康挑战，从医生到政府每一个人都一直在努力应对这一挑战。

由此可知，对医生而言，让人们吃得健康依然是一个巨大的健康挑战。

故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中先提到“食品公司想要消费者想吃垃圾食品”，紧接着说到“它们（食品公司）花巨资想办法推广垃圾食品，它们聘请科学家制作新的垃圾食品，使人们几乎无法抗拒”，接着还举例说“它们可能会往垃圾食品中添加更多的糖”。

由此可以推断，作者在本段主要是想告诉读者食品公司是如何想方设法让人们去吃垃圾食品的。

故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第四段主要介绍Bryan给德克萨斯州的一所学校的八年级学生们上的课，再根据文章最后一段Afterthelessons,thekidsinbothgroupswereaskedhowtheyfeltaboutjunkfood.Mostdidn'thavepositivefeelingsabouttheseunhealthyfoods.可知，课后当这些孩子被问及他们对垃圾食品的看法时，大多数人对这些不健康的食品都不持正面的看法。

由此可以推断，Bryan的课是有效的。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．假定你是李华,收到英国笔友George的邮件,请你介绍中国家庭聚会的情况（饮食、时间、活动等）。

请给他写一封邮件。

注意:

⒈词数100左右；

⒉可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

DearGeorge,

Yours,

LiHua

【答案】DearGeorge,

   Knowingthatyou'reinterestedinwhatourChinesefamilygatheringsarelike,I'mgladtointroducesomeofmyexperiencewithyou.

   WeChineseliketogettogetherwithourfamilyverymuch,especiallyonimportantdayssuchasfestivalsandbirthdays.Mostofthetime,webringgiftstotheeldersandthekids.Eatingisoneofthemostnecessarypartofthegathering,whichisusuallypreparedbyfamilymemberstogether.Notonlyisthevariousfooddeliciousbutthetimewespendmakingandenjoyingittogetherisenjoyable.Adultschattingandchildrenplayingaround,thisisthetypicalsceneofahappyfamilygathering.

   Hopeonedayyoucancomeandexperiencebyyourself!

Yours,

LiHua

【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份给英国笔友George写一封邮件，介绍中国家庭聚会的情况（饮食、时间、活动等）。

考生要认真阅读提示，列出提纲和要点，并以此为基础充分发挥自己的想象力，灵活运用英语知识，采用不同的表达方式将各要点完整地表述出来。

写作时注意时态、语态的合理运用，主次分明，同时应选用合适的连接词或过渡词，适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。

例如：

Knowingthatyou'reinterestedinwhatourChinesefamilygatheringsarelike,I'mgladtointroducesomeofmyexperiencewithyou.运用了现在分词作原因状语和宾语从句； Eatingisoneofthemostnecessarypartofthegathering,whichisusuallypreparedbyfamilymemberstogether.运用了非限制性定语从句；Notonlyisthevariousfooddeliciousbutthetimewespendmakingandenjoyingittogetherisenjoyable.运用了倒装句，并列句和限制性定语从句；Hopeonedayyoucancomeandexperiencebyyourself!

运用了祈使句和并列句。

3．阅读理解

   Inmodernsocietythereisagreatdealofargumentaboutcompetition.Somevalueithighly,believingthatitisresponsibleforsocialprogressandprosperity（繁荣）.Otherssaythatcompetitionisbad;thatitsetsonepersonagainstanother;thatitleadstounfriendlyrelationshipbetweenpeople.

   Ihavetaughtmanychildrenwhoheldthebeliefthattheirself-worthreliedonhowwelltheyperformedattennisandotherskills.Forthem,playingwellandwinningareoftenlife-and-deathaffairs.Intheirsingle-mindedpursuitofsuccess,thedevelopmentofmanyotherhumanqualitiesissadlyforgotten.

   However,whilesomeseemtobelostinthedesiretosucceed,otherstakeanoppositeattitude.Inaculturewhichvaluesonlythewinnerandpaysnoattentiontotheordinaryplayers,theystronglyblamecompetition.Amongthemostvocalareyoungsterswhohavesufferedundercompetitivepressuresfromtheirparentsorsociety.Teachingtheseyoungpeople,Ioftenobserveinthemadesiretofail.Theyseemtoseekfailurebynottryingtowinorachievesuccess.Bynottrying,theyalwayshaveanexcuse:

"Imayhavelost,butitdoesn'tmatterbecauseIreallydidn'ttry."Whatisnotusuallyadmittedbythemselvesisthebeliefthatiftheyhadreallytriedandlost,thatwouldmeanalot.Suchalosswouldbeameasureoftheirworth.Clearly,thisbeliefisthesameasthatofthetruecompetitorswhotrytoprovethemselves.Botharebasedonthemistakenbeliefthatone'sself-respectreliesonhowwelloneperformsincomparisonwithothers.Bothareafraidofnotbeingvalued.Onlyasthisbasicandoftentroublesomefearbeginstodissolve（缓解）canwediscoveranewmeaningincompetition.

（1）Whyaresomepeopleinfavorofcompetition?

A. Becausetheythinkcompetitionpushessocietyforward.

B. Becausetheythinkcompetitionimprovessocialabilities.

C. Becausetheythinkcompetitionbuildsupasenseofpride.

D. Becausetheythinkcompetitiondevelopspeople'srelationship.

（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"themostvocal"inParagraph3referto?

A. Peoplewhotrytheirbesttowin.

B. Peoplewhohighlyvaluecompetition.

C. Peoplewhoarestronglyagainstcompetition.

D. Peoplewhomostlyrelyonothersforsuccess.

（3）Whichviewpointdoestheauthoragreeto?

A. Self-worthreliesonwinning.

B. Winningshouldbealife-and-deathmatter.

C. Competitionleadstounfriendlyrelationship.

D. Fearoffailureshouldberemovedincompetition.

（4）Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A. Competitionhelpstosetupself-respect.

B. Peopleholddifferentopinionsaboutcompetition.

C. Failuresarenecessaryexperienceincompetition.

D. Competitionisharmfultopersonalqualitydevelopment.

【答案】

（1）A

（2）C

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了人们对于竞争所持的不同观点。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Somevalueithighly,believingthatitisresponsibleforsocialprogressandprosperity.”可知，一些人赞成竞争是因为他们认为竞争促进社会的进步和繁荣。

故选A。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第三段中的“theystronglyblamecompetition"他们强烈谴责竞争；以及"youngsterswhohavesufferedundercompetitivepressuresfromtheirparentsorsociety"遭受来自父母或社会的竞争压力的年轻人，可推知，画线部分的意思是"强烈反对的"。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的”Onlyasthisbasicand oftentroublesomefearbeginstodissolvecanwediscoveranewmeaningincompetition.“只有当这种基本的、常常令人烦恼的恐惧开始消失时，我们才能在竞争中发现新的意义。

可推知，作者认为竞争要摆脱对失败的恐惧。

故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据第一段”Inmodernsocietythereisagreatdealofargumentaboutcompetition.Somevalueithighly,believingthatitisresponsibleforsocialprogressandprosperity.Otherssaythatcompetitionisbad;thatitsetsonepersonagainstanother;thatitleadstounfriendlyrelationshipbetweenpeople.“在现代社会，关于竞争有很多争论。

有些人非常重视它，认为它对社会进步和繁荣负有责任。

其他人说竞争是不好的;它使一个人反对另一个人;这会导致人与人之间不友好的关系。

以及下文内容可知，本文主要介绍人们对于竞争所持的不同观点。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

   NhonLy,a55-year-oldVietnamese-bornprofessionalbodybuilderfromCaliforniahasbeenawardedthe"real-lifeMasterRoshi"forhisunbelievablesimilaritytothepopularDragonBallZanime（日本动漫）character.

   Lycertainlydoesn'tlooklikeanyothertypical55-year-oldman.Infact,helooksalotbetterthanmostguysintheir20s,withhislean（瘦且健康的）,strongmusclesandyouthfulattitude.Buthe'sabsolutelynottheonly50-somethingmanwhohasthestrongmuscleinth