Abstract breath test2Word格式.docx

Abstract breath test2Word格式.docx

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Authorinformation

∙1LeibnizInstituteofPhotonicTechnology,Jena07745,Germany.

Abstract

Breath 

gasanalysisisanovelpowerfultechniquefornoninvasive,early-stagediagnosisofmetabolicdisordersordiseases.Molecularhydrogenand 

methane 

arebiomarkersforcolonicfermentation,becauseofmalabsorptionofoligosaccharides（e.g.,lactoseorfructose）andforsmallintestinalbacterialovergrowth.Recently,thepresenceofthesegasesinexhaled 

breath 

wasalsocorrelatedwithobesity.Here,wereportonthehighlyselectiveandsensitivedetectionofmolecularhydrogenand 

withinacomplexgasmixture（consistingofH2,CH4,N2,O2,andCO2）bymeansoffiber-enhancedRamanspectroscopy（FERS）.AnelaborateFERSsetupwithamicrostructuredhollowcorephotoniccrystalfiber（HCPCF）providedahighlyimprovedanalyticalsensitivity.ThesimultaneousmonitoringofH2withallothergaseswasachievedbyacombinationofrotational（H2）andvibrational（othergases）RamanspectroscopywithinthelimitedspectraltransmissionrangeoftheHCPCF.TheHCPCFwascombinedwithanadjustableimage-planeaperturepinhole,inordertoseparatetheH2rotationalRamanbandsfromthesilicabackgroundsignalandimprovethesensitivitydowntoalimitofdetection（LOD）of4.7ppm（foronly26fmolH2）.TheabilitytomonitorthelevelsofH2andCH4inapositivehydrogen 

test（HBT）wasdemonstrated.TheFERSsensorpossessesahighdynamicrange（∼5ordersofmagnitude）withafastresponsetimeoffewsecondsandprovidesgreatpotentialforminiaturization.Weforeseethatthistechniquewillpavethewayforfast,noninvasive,andpainlesspoint-of-carediagnosisofmetabolicdiseasesinexhaledhuman 

Reviewarticle:

analysisininflammatoryboweldiseases.

KuradaS1, 

AlkhouriN, 

FiocchiC, 

DweikR, 

RiederF.

∙1DepartmentofHospitalMedicine,MedicineInstitute,Cleveland,OH,USA.

BACKGROUND:

Thereisanurgentneedforcheap,reproducible,easytoperformandspecificbiomarkersfordiagnosis,differentiationandstratificationofinflammatoryboweldisease（IBD）patients.Technicaladvancesallowforthedeterminationofvolatileorganiccompoundsinthehuman 

todifferentiatebetweenhealthanddisease.

AIM:

Reviewanddiscussmedicalliteratureonvolatileorganiccompoundsinexhaledhuman 

inGIdisorders,focusingondiagnosisanddifferentiationofIBD.

METHODS:

AsystematicsearchinPubMed,OvidMedlineandScopuswascompletedusingappropriatekeywords.Inaddition,abibliographysearchofeacharticlewasperformed.

RESULTS:

Mean 

pentane,ethane,propane,1-octene,3-methylhexane,1-deceneandNOlevelswereelevated（P<

0.05toP<

10（-7））andmean 

1-nonene,（E）-2-nonene,hydrogensulphideand 

weredecreasedinIBDcomparedtohealthycontrols（P=0.003toP<

0.001）.Acombinedpanelof3volatileorganiccompounds（octene,（E）-2-noneneanddecene）showedthebestdiscriminationbetweenpaediatricIBDandcontrols（AUC0.96）. 

condensatecytokineswerehigherinIBDcomparedtohealthyindividuals（P<

0.008）. 

pentane,ethane,propane,isopreneandNOlevelscorrelatedwithdiseaseactivityinIBDpatients. 

condensateinterleukin-1βshowedaninverserelationwithclinicaldiseaseactivity.

CONCLUSIONS:

analysisinIBDisapromisingapproachthatisnotyetreadyforroutineclinicaluse,butdatafromothergastrointestinaldiseasessuggestthefeasibilityforuseofthistechnologyinclinicalpractice.Well-designedfuturetrials,incorporatingthelatest 

detectiontechniques,needtodeterminetheexact 

metabolomepatternlinkedtodiagnosisandphenotypeofIBD.

WorldJGastroenterol. 

2014Nov21;

20（43）:

16062-78.doi:

10.3748/wjg.v20.i43.16062.

Archaeaandthehumangut:

newbeginningofanoldstory.

GaciN1, 

BorrelG1, 

TotteyW1, 

O'

ToolePW1, 

Brugè

reJF1.

∙1NadiaGaci,WilliamTottey,Jean-Franç

oisBrugè

re,EA-4678CIDAM,ClermontUniversité

Université

d'

Auvergne,F-63000Clermont-Ferrand,France.

Methanogenicarchaeaareknownashumangutinhabitantssincemorethan30yearsagothroughthedetectionof 

inthe 

andisolationoftwomethanogenicspeciesbelongingtotheorderMethanobacteriales,MethanobrevibactersmithiiandMethanosphaerastadtmanae.Duringthelastdecade,diversityofarchaeaencounteredinthehumangastrointestinaltract（GIT）hasbeenextendedbysequenceidentificationandculturingofnewstrains.HereweprovideanupdatedcensusofthearchaealdiversityassociatedwiththehumanGITandtheirpossibleroleinthegutphysiologyandhealth.Weparticularlyfocusonthestillpoorlycharacterized7thorderofmethanogens,theMethanomassiliicoccales,associatedtoagedpopulation.Whilealsolargelydistributedinnon-GITenvironments,ouractualknowledgeonthisnovelorderofmethanogenshasbeenmainlyrevealedthroughGITinhabitants.Theyenlargethenumberoffinalelectronacceptorsofthegutmetabolitestomono-di-andtrimethylamine.Trimethylamineisexclusivelyamicrobiota-derivedproductofnutrients（lecithin,choline,TMAO,L-carnitine）fromnormaldiet,fromwhichseemsoriginatetwodiseases,trimethylaminuria（orFish-OdorSyndrome）andcardiovasculardiseasethroughtheproatherogenicpropertyofitsoxidizedliver-derivedform.Thisthereforesupportsinterestonthesemethanogenicspeciesanditsuseasarchaebiotics,atermcoinedfromthenotionofarchaea-derivedprobiotics.

GutMicrobes. 

2014Mar-Apr;

5

（2）:

165-75.doi:

10.4161/gmic.27923.Epub2014Jan27.

Gutmicrobiotainfluenceslowfermentablesubstratedietefficacyinchildrenwithirritablebowelsyndrome.

ChumpitaziBP1, 

HollisterEB2, 

OezguenN2, 

TsaiCM1, 

McMeansAR3, 

LunaRA2, 

SavidgeTC2, 

VersalovicJ4, 

ShulmanRJ5.

∙1DepartmentofPediatrics;

BaylorCollegeofMedicine;

Houston,TXUSA;

SectionofPediatricGastroenterology,Hepatology,andNutrition;

TexasChildren'

sHospital;

Houston,TXUSA.

∙2DepartmentofPathologyandImmunology;

sMicrobiomeCenter;

DepartmentofPathology;

∙3Children'

sNutritionResearchCenter;

∙4DepartmentofPediatrics;

DepartmentofPathologyandImmunology;

∙5DepartmentofPediatrics;

Children'

Wesoughttodeterminewhetheralowfermentablesubstratediet（LFSD）decreasesabdominalpainfrequencyinchildrenwithirritablebowelsyndrome（IBS）andtoidentifypotentialmicrobialfactorsrelatedtodietefficacy.Painsymptoms,stoolingcharacteristics, 

hydrogenandmethane,wholeintestinaltransittime,stoolmicrobiome,andmetabolitecompositionwerecollectedand/ordocumentedineightchildrenwithIBSatbaselineandduringoneweekofanLFSDintervention.Painfrequency（P<

0.05）,painseverity（P<

0.05）,andpain-relatedinterferencewithactivities（P<

0.05）decreasedinthesubjectswhileontheLFSD.Respondersvs.non-responders:

fourchildren（50%）wereidentifiedasresponders（>

50%decreaseinabdominalpainfrequencywhileontheLFSD）.Therewerenodifferencesbetweenrespondersandnon-responderswithrespecttohydrogenproduction, 

production,stoolingcharacteristics,orguttransittime.Responderswerecharacterizedbyincreasedpre-LFSDabundanceofbacterialtaxabelongingtothegeneraSporobacter（P<

0.05）andSubdoligranulum（P<

0.02）anddecreasedabundanceoftaxabelongingtoBacteroides（P<

0.05）relativetonon-responders.Inparallel,stoolmetabolitesdifferedbetweenrespondersandnon-respondersandwereassociatedwithdifferencesinmicrobiomecomposition.ThesepilotstudyresultssuggestthatanLFSDmaybeeffectiveindecreasingGIsymptomsinchildrenwithIBS.MicrobialfactorssuchasgutmicrobiomecompositionandstoolmetaboliteswhileonthedietmayrelatetoLFSDefficacy.

UnitedEuropeanGastroenterolJ. 

2014Apr;

2

（2）:

131-7.doi:

10.1177/2050640614521124.

Symptomaticfructosemalabsorptioninirritablebowelsyndrome:

Aprospectivestudy.

MelchiorC1, 

GourcerolG2, 

Dé

chelotteP3, 

LeroiAM2, 

Ducrotté

P1.

∙1GastroenterologyDepartment,RouenUniversityHospital,Rouen,France;

INSERMUMR-1073,RouenUniversityHospital,Rouen,France.

∙2INSERMUMR-1073,RouenUniversityHospital,Rouen,France;

PhysiologyDepartment,RouenUniversityHospital,Rouen,France.

∙3INSERMUMR-1073,RouenUniversityHospital,Rouen,France;

NutritionUnit,RouenUniversityHospital,Rouen,France.

INTRODUCTION:

Fructosecantriggerorworsensymptomsinirritablebowelsyndrome（IBS）patients.TheaimofthisstudywastodeterminetheprevalenceofsymptomaticfructosemalabsorptioninIBSpatientsandtotestwhetherthepatient'

scharacteristicscanhelptodetectafructosemalabsorption.

MATERIALSANDMETHODS:

NinetyRomeIIIIBSpatients（predominantdiarrhoea（IBS-D）:

31%,predominantconstipation（IBS-C）:

18%,mixedtype（IBS-M）:

51%）wereinclud