1954 CIA and Assassinations文档格式.docx

1954 CIA and Assassinations文档格式.docx

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（lastaccessed19Feb09）

ASTUDYOFASSASSINATION 

DEFINITION

Assassinationisatermthoughttobederivedfrom"

Hashish"

adrugsimilartomarijuana,saidtohavebeenusedbyHasan-Dan-Sabahtoinducemotivationinhisfollowers,whowereassignedtocarryoutpoliticalandothermurders,usuallyatthecostoftheirlives.

Itishereusedtodescribetheplannedkillingofapersonwhoisnotunderthelegaljurisdictionofthekiller,whoisnotphysicallyinthehandsofthekiller,whohasbeenselectedbyaresistanceorganizationfordeath,andwhohasbeenselectedbyaresistanceorganizationfordeath,andwhosedeathprovidespositiveadvantagestothatorganization.

EMPLOYMENT

Assassinationisanextrememeasurenotnormallyusedinclandestineoperations.ItshouldbeassumedthatitwillneverbeorderedorauthorizedbyanyU.S.Headquarters,thoughthelattermayinrareinstancesagreetoitsexecutionbymembersofanassociatedforeignservice.Thisreticenceispartlyduetothenecessityforcommittingcommunicationstopaper.Noassassinationinstructionsshouldeverbewrittenorrecorded.Consequently,thedecisiontoemploythistechniquemustnearlyalwaysbereachedinthefield,attheareawheretheactwilltakeplace.Decisionandinstructionsshouldbeconfinedtoanabsoluteminimumofpersons.Ideally,onlyonepersonwillbeinvolved.Noreportmaybemade,butusuallytheactwillbeproperlycoveredbynormalnewsservices,whoseoutputisavailabletoallconcerned.

JUSTIFICATION

Murderisnotmorallyjustifiable.Self-defensemaybearguedifthevictimhasknowledgewhichmaydestroytheresistanceorganizationifdivulged.Assassinationofpersonsresponsibleforatrocitiesorreprisalsmayberegardedasjustpunishment.Killingapoliticalleaderwhoseburgeoningcareerisaclearandpresentdangertothecauseoffreedommaybeheldnecessary.

Butassassinationcanseldombeemployedwithaclearconscience.Personswhoaremorallysqueamishshouldnotattemptit.

CLASSIFICATIONS

Thetechniquesemployedwillvaryaccordingtowhetherthesubjectisunawareofhisdanger,awarebutunguarded,orguarded.Theywillalsobeaffectedbywhetherornottheassassinistobekilledwiththesubjecthereafter,assassinationsinwhichthesubjectisunawarewillbetermed"

simple"

;

thosewherethesubjectisawarebutunguardedwillbetermed"

chase"

thosewherethevictimisguardedwillbetermed"

guarded."

Iftheassassinistodiewiththesubject,theactwillbecalled"

lost."

Iftheassassinistoescape,theadjectivewillbe"

safe."

Itshouldbenotedthatnocompromisesshouldexisthere.Theassassinmustnotfallaliveintoenemyhands.

Afurthertypedivisioniscausedbytheneedtoconcealthefactthatthesubjectwasactuallythevictimofassassination,ratherthananaccidentornaturalcauses.Ifsuchconcealmentisdesirabletheoperationwillbecalled"

secret"

;

ifconcealmentisimmaterial,theactwillbecalled"

open"

whileiftheassassinationrequirespublicitytobeeffectiveitwillbetermed"

terroristic."

Followingthesedefinitions,theassassinationofJuliusCaesarwassafe,simple,andterroristic,whilethatofHueyLongwaslost,guardedandopen.Obviously,successfulsecretassassinationsarenotrecordedasassassinationatall.[Illeg]ofThailandandAugustusCaesarmayhavebeenthevictimsofsafe,guardedandsecretassassination.Chaseassassinationsusuallyinvolveclandestineagentsormembersofcriminalorganizations.

THEASSASSIN

Insafeassassinations,theassassinneedstheusualqualitiesofaclandestineagent.Heshouldbedetermined,courageous,intelligent,resourceful,andphysicallyactive.Ifspecialequipmentistobeused,suchasfirearmsordrugs,itisclearthathemusthaveoutstandingskillwithsuchequipment.

Exceptinterroristicassassinations,itisdesirablethattheassassinbetransientinthearea.Heshouldhaveanabsoluteminimumofcontactwiththerestoftheorganizationandhisinstructionsshouldbegivenorallybyonepersononly.Hissafeevacuationaftertheactisabsolutelyessential,buthereagaincontactshouldbeaslimitedaspossible.Itispreferablethatthepersonissuinginstructionsalsoconductanywithdrawalorcoveringactionwhichmaybenecessary.

Inlostassassination,theassassinmustbeafanaticofsomesort.Politics,religion,andrevengeareabouttheonlyfeasiblemotives.Sinceafanaticisunstablepsychologically,hemustbehandledwithextremecare.Hemustnotknowtheidentitiesoftheothermembersoftheorganization,foralthoughitisintendedthathedieintheact,somethingmaygowrong.WhiletheAssassinofTrotskyhasneverrevealedanysignificantinformation,itwasunsoundtodependonthiswhentheactwasplanned.

PLANNING

Whenthedecisiontoassassinatehasbeenreached,thetacticsoftheoperationmustbeplanned,baseduponanestimateofthesituationsimilartothatusedinmilitaryoperations.Thepreliminaryestimatewillrevealgapsininformationandpossiblyindicateaneedforspecialequipmentwhichmustbeprocuredorconstructed.Whenallnecessarydatahasbeencollected,aneffectivetacticalplancanbeprepared.Allplanningmustbemental;

nopapersshouldevercontainevidenceoftheoperation.

Inresistancesituations,assassinationmaybeusedasacounter-reprisal.Sincethisrequiresadvertisingtobeeffective,theresistanceorganizationmustbeinapositiontowarnhighofficialspubliclythattheirliveswillbethepriceofreprisalactionagainstinnocentpeople.Suchathreatisofnovalueunlessitcanbecarriedout,soitmaybenecessarytoplantheassassinationofvariousresponsibleofficersoftheoppressiveregimeandholdsuchplansinreadinesstobeusedonlyifprovokedbyexcessivebrutality.Suchplansmustbemodifiedfrequentlytomeetchangesinthetacticalsituation.

TECHNIQUES

Theessentialpointofassassinationisthedeathofthesubject.Ahumanbeingmaybekilledinmanywaysbutsurenessisoftenoverlookedbythosewhomaybeemotionallyunstrungbytheseriousnessofthisacttheyintendtocommit.Thespecifictechniqueemployedwilldependuponalargenumberofvariables,butshouldbeconstantinonepoint:

Deathmustbeabsolutelycertain.TheattemptonHitler'

slifefailedbecausetheconspiracydidnotgivethismatterproperattention.

Techniquesmaybeconsideredasfollows:

1.Manual.

Itispossibletokillamanwiththebarehands,butveryfewareskillfulenoughtodoitwell.EvenahighlytrainedJudoexpertwillhesitatetoriskkillingbyhandunlesshehasabsolutelynoalternative.However,thesimplestlocaltoolsareoftenmuchthemostefficientmeansofassassination.Ahammer,axe,wrench,screwdriver,firepoker,kitchenknife,lampstand,oranythinghard,heavyandhandywillsuffice.Alengthofropeorwireorabeltwilldoiftheassassinisstrongandagile.Allsuchimprovisedweaponshavetheimportantadvantageofavailabilityandapparentinnocence.TheobviouslylethalmachinegunfailedtokillTrotskywhereanitemofsportinggoodssucceeded.

Inallsafecaseswheretheassassinmaybesubjecttosearch,eitherbeforeoraftertheact,specializedweaponsshouldnotbeused.Eveninthelostcase,theassassinmayaccidentallybesearchedbeforetheactandshouldnotcarryanincriminatingdeviceifanysortoflethalweaponcanbeimprovisedatornearthesite.Iftheassassinnormallycarriesweaponsbecauseofthenatureofhisjob,itmaystillbedesirabletoimproviseandimplementatthescenetoavoiddisclosureofhisidentity.

2.Accidents.

Forsecretassassination,eithersimpleorchase,thecontrivedaccidentisthemosteffectivetechnique.Whensuccessfullyexecuted,itcauseslittleexcitementandisonlycasuallyinvestigated.

Themostefficientaccident,insimpleassassination,isafallof75feetormoreontoahardsurface.Elevatorshafts,stairwells,unscreenedwindowsandbridgeswillserve.Bridgefallsintowaterarenotreliable.Insimplecasesaprivatemeetingwiththesubjectmaybearrangedataproperly-casedlocation.Theactmaybeexecutedbysudden,vigorous[excised]oftheankles,tippingthesubjectovertheedge.Iftheassassinimmediatelysetsupanoutcry,playingthe"

horrifiedwitness"

noalibiorsurreptitiouswithdrawalisnecessary.Inchasecasesitwillusuallybenecessarytostunordrugthesubjectbeforedroppinghim.Careisrequiredtoinsurethatnowoundorconditionnotattributabletothefallisdiscernibleafterdeath.

Fallsintotheseaorswiftlyflowingriversmaysufficeifthesubjectcannotswim.Itwillbemorereliableiftheassassincanarrangetoattemptrescue,ashecanthusbesureofthesubject'

sdeathandatthesametimeestablishaworkablealibi.

Ifthesubject'

spersonalhabitsmakeitfeasible,alcoholmaybeused[2wordsexcised]topreparehimforacontrivedaccidentofanykind.

Fallsbeforetrainsorsubwaycarsareusuallyeffective,butrequireexacttimingandcanseldombefreefromunexpectedobservation.

Automobileaccidentsarealesssatisfactorymeansofassassination.Ifthesubjectisdeliberatelyrundown,veryexacttimingisnecessaryandinvestigationislikelytobethorough.Ifthesubject'

scaristamperedwith,reliabilityisverylow.Thesubjectmaybestunnedordruggedandthenplacedinthecar,butthisisonlyreliablewhenthecarcanberunoffahighclifforintodeepwaterwithoutobservation.

Arsoncancauseaccidentaldeathifthesubjectisdrugged