长城英文导游词0文档格式.docx

长城英文导游词0文档格式.docx

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16、长城题一：

长城的历史及居庸关、八达岭长城。

iamveryproudtohavetheopportunitytobeyourguide.TodaywearegoingtovisitGreatwall.

HistoryofTheGreatwall（长城的历史）

constructionoftheGreatwallfirstbeganintheseventhcenturyBc．atthattime,itwascalledSpringandautumnPeriod.Thefirstsectionofwall,thatappearedinchina,wasbuiltbytheQinKingdomandthechuKingdom.Theyhadahighwallwhichwascalled“squarewall”or“squarecity”builtsurroundingtheirownterritoriestodefendtheattackoftheirneighboringenemy.SoitwasalsoknownastheQiGreatwallandthechuGreatwall．inordertodefendthemselvesagainsttheinfringingenemyfromtheneighboringstates,allthekingdomshadsectionsofhighwallsconstructedaroundtheirownterritoriesforself-protection.Theybuilthighwallsatthestrategicpointsofthenorth.ThesehighwallsweretheprimitiveprototypeofthepresentdayGreatwallandlaidthefoundationforthepresentGreatwall.

inchinesehistory,thisisthelargestprojectcarriedoutinthreedynastiesthatbroughttheclimaxofthedevelopmentoftheGreatwall.Large-scaleconstructionoftheGreatwallwasconcentratedintheQin,Hanandmingdynasties.

in221Bc,QinShihuangdefeatedtheothersixkingdomsandunifiedchina.inordertoconsolidatetheunity,hedecidedtolinkuptheseparatesectionsofhighwalls,builtbydifferentkingdoms,intotheGreatwall.

ThenhesentmengTian,amilitarygeneral,with300,000soldiersandonemillioncivilianuptonorthtobuilduptheGreatwall.agreatmanysectionswerelinkedupandexpanded,andfinallyitwasextendedintoaGreatwall.whenitwasfinished,thetotallengthoftheGreatwallwasover7,000kilometerslong.TheQinGreatwallstartedfromLintao,GansuProvinceinthe

westandendedinLiaodong,LiaoningProvinceintheeast.

Large-scaleconstructionoftheGreatwallwasongoingthroughtoutthereignofEmperorwudiintheHandynasty.inordertowardofftheHunsaswellastoprotecttheSilkRoad,theyalsohadtheGreatwallextendedtowardsthewestforanother5,000kilometerslongtotheLopnurLakeintoday’sXinjiangUygurautonomousRegion.TheHanGreatwallstartedfromtheLiaodongPeninsulaintheeast,andendedatthefootoftheTianshanmountaininXinjiangUygurautonomousRegion,withatotallengthof10,000kilometers.

Thelastlarge-scaleprojectontheGreatwallwascarriedoutinthemingdynasty.in1368,rightafterzhuYuanzhangestablishedthemingdynasty,hestartedthereconstructionoftheGreatwallimmediatelyonthebasisoftheQinGreatwall.SincetheremainingforcesoftheYuanoftenmadecounterattacksonBeijingandthethreatsofthenewlyraisedethnictribeof“nuzhen”alsothreatenedthemingcourt,mingEmperorzhuYuanzhangpaidgreatattentiontoconstructionoftheGreatwallandstationedtroopsalongthewall.

ThewholeprojectofthemingGreatwalltookmorethan200yearstocomplete,andtherewere18large-scaleconstructionsoftheGreatwallinthemingdynasty.afterthat,thetotallengthofmingGreatwallwasmorethan7,000kilometersfromYaluRiverinLiaoningProvinceintheeast,toJiayuguanPassinGansuProvinceinthewest.itpassesninecities,provincesandautonomousregionsofLiaoning,Hebei,Tianjin,Beijing,Shanxi,innermongolia,Shanxi,ningxiaandGansu.ThisistheGreatwallweseetoday.

ThemainforcefortheGreatwallwascomposedofsolidiersdefendingthefrontier,exilesandcriminals,aswellasthelocallaborers.

inancienttimestheGreatwallwasnotonlyastrongdefensiveprojectbutalsoplayedaveryimportantmilitaryandeconomicrole.ThefunctionoftheGreatwallinchineseHistorywasmainlyinmilitarystrategies,Economy,andPerfectharmonyofvariousnationalities.Themostimportantisinmilitarystrategies.

TheGreatwallatJuyongguanPass（居庸关长城）

JuyongguanPassislocatedat50kilometersnorthwestofdowntownBeijing.Themountionsflankingthevalleyhavemanygracefulpeaks.Theslopesonbothsidesofthenarrowpassesarecoveredwithdensetreesandplants.So,itusedtobeoneofthefamous”EightViewsofYanjing”．Therewasa20-kilometer-longvalleycalled“GuangouValley”fromsouthtonorth,with4passesalongthevalleynamed“nankou，Juyongguan，ShangguanandBadaling”．TheywereofgreatstrategicimportanceindefendingthenationalcapitalofBeijing．JuYongguanPassisoneofthem．

Thename“Juyong”inchinesemeans“aplaceofpoorlaborers”.accordingtohistoricalrecords,EmperorQinShihuangforcedmanyconscriptstobuildthispartoftheGreatwall.

insideJuyongPassthereisanancientmarbleplatformknownas“cloudTerrace”．itwasfirstbuiltin1342duringtheYuandynasty．ThereusedtobethreeTibetanstylepagodasbuiltontheterracewitharoadpassingunderitfromnorthtosouth.Therefore,itwasalsocalled“ThecrossingRoadPagoda”.Later,whenthepagodasweredestroyed,atemplewasbuiltontheverysite.However，thetemplewasburntdowninafireintheearlyyearsoftheQingdynasty，soonlytheterraceremained.TherearealsoBuddhistscripturesinscribedonthestonewallintheSanskrit，Tibetan，Basiba（akindofmongolianscript），Xixia，UygurandHanlanguages．Theyofferuswonderfulexamplesoftheirexquisiteworkmanshipandvividnessincarving．TheyareextremelyvaluabletothestudyofBuddhismandancientlanguages．

TodayonthewaytoBadalingGreatwallyoucanseearailwayrunningbytheBadalingExpressway.itiswell-knownattheBeijing-zhangjiakouRailway.itismorethan200kilometersawayfromBeijingtozhangjiakou.Therailwayisveryfamousinchinabecauseitwasthefirstrailwaydesignedandconstructedbychineseitself.itschiefdesignerwaszhanTianyou-afamousrailwayengineerinchina.

TheGreatwallatBadaling（八达岭长城）

TheBadalingGreatwallisabout75kilometersnorthwestofBeijing，anditisthebest-preservedpartoftheGreatwall．Badameans“convenienttransportationtoalldirections”.RoadsfromBadalingleadtoYanqingcountrytoitsnorth;

Xuanhua,zhangjiakouanddatongtothewest;

totheeastisYongningandSihai;

Beijingistothesouth.Fromherepeoplecangotoalldirections，hencethenameofBadaling.TheBadalingsectionisabout12kilometerslongwith24watchtowersand4wallplatforms.TherearefourcharactersinscribedontheeasternpassofBadaling;

“Juyongwaizhen”whichmeanstherewasanotherstrategictownoutsidetheJuyongPass.onthewesternpassofBadaling,thereisaninscriptionwithfourwords“Beimensuoyue”carvedonthetopofthepass,whichmeans,“akeytothenorthgate”,describingthatBadalingPasswasjustlikealockonthegateofBeijing.Therefore,ifthegatewasunlockedbyakey,Beijingwouldbeopentodanger.

EastofBadalingPassliesabigrockknownas,“Looking-TowardBeijingRock.”originally,thisrockwasahugerockmeasuring7meterslongand2meterswide.itissaidthatin1900,whentheEightalliedForcesattackedBeijing,EmpressdowagercixihastilyescapedfromBeijing.whenshegothere,shesuddenlywantedtoseethecityofBeijingonceagain.ShegotuponthisbigrockandturnedtolooktowardBeijinginthedistance,sothat’swhyitiscalled“Looking-TowardBeijingRock”

TheGreatwallatBadalingaverages7.8metershigh,6.5meterswideatitsbase,and5.8metersonthetop,wideenoughforfivehorsesortensolidierswalkingabreastonthewall.

watchTowerswerebuiltatregularintervalsontheGreatwallitselfforwatchingovertheinvadingenemy.awatchtowerwasusuallytwostorieshigh,andthedefensesolidierslivedinside.Thegroundfloorwasusedforstoringweaponsandhadanumberofwindowsforarchers.Theupperfloorhadbattlements,peepholesandaperturesforarchers.inthemiddleofthetowerthereweresmalllivingquartersforthedefensesolidiers.Thewatchtowerswerenotonlyusedbythedefendingtroopstotakeshelterfromthewind,rainandheat,butalsotofightandchecktheenemy’sadvance,andstorearmsandammunition.

Beacontowerswerebuiltonbothsidesofthewallatthecommandingpoints，whichwereatthetopofthemountainsorthetwistsandturnsformakingwarningsignals.whenevertheemenywassighted,fireswerelitonthetopofthebeacontoweratnight,andthesmokeindaytime.Thesmokewasspeciallymadebyburningdriedwolves’dungindaytime.moreover,thenumberofthefireandsmokecouldrevealthenumberofinvadingenemies．Thesignalofasinglefireorsmokewithoneshotofartilleryfire,warnedtheinvadingtroopsof100enemies;

twosmokesandtwoshotsofgunfireindicated500enemies;

ifthenumberofthecomingenemieswasaround1,000,therewerethreesmokesandthreeshotsofgunfire.Foursmokesandfourshotsofgunfireindicatedover5,000enemies,and10,000enemieswithfivesmokes,ect.inthisway,thecommanderswouldnotonlyknowwheretheenemywasapproaching,butalsothenumbersoftheenemy.Thentheycouldbewellpreparedfordefenseagainsttheenemy.

well,thatisallformypresentation.Thanksforyourattention.i’mlookingforwardtoyournextvisit.Thankyou!

篇二：

八达岭长城的英文导游词

inthenorthofchina,thereliesa6,700-kilometer-long（4,161-mile-long）ancientwall.nowwell-knownastheGreatwallofchina,itstartsattheJiayuguanPassofGansuProvinceinthewestandendsattheShanhaiguanPassofHebeiProvinceintheeast.asoneoftheEightwondersintheworld,theGreatwallofchinahasbecomethesymbolofthechinesenationanditsculture.

LotsofbeautifullegendsandstoriesabouttheGreatwalltookplacefollowingalongtheconstruction,andsincethattimethesestorieshavespreadaroundthecountry.Thosethathappenedduringconstructionareabundant,suchasmengJiangnu‘sstoryandthelegendoftheJiayuguanPass.mengJiangnu‘sstoryisthemostfamousandwidelyspreadofallthelegendsabouttheGreatwall.ThestoryhappenedduringtheQindynasty（221Bc-206Bc）.ittellsofhowmengJiangnu‘sbitterweepingmadeasectionoftheGreatwallcollapse.mengJiangnu‘shusbandFanQiliangwascaughtbyfederalofficialsandsenttobuildtheGreatwall.mengJiangnuheardnothingfromhimafterhisdeparture,soshesetouttolookforhim.Unfortunately,bythetimeshereachedthegreatwall,she

discoveredthatherhusbandhadalreadydied.Hearingthebadnews,shecriedherheartout.HerhowlcausedthecollapseofapartoftheGreatwall.ThisstoryindicatesthattheGreatwallistheproductionoftensofthousandsofchinesecommoners.

anotherlegendabouttheJiayuguanPasstellsofaworkmannamedYiKaizhaninthemingdynasty（1368Bc-1644Bc）whowasproficientinarithmetic.Hecalculatedthatitwouldneed99,999brickstobuildtheJiayuguanPass.Thesupervisordidnotbelievehimandsaidiftheymiscalculatedbyevenonebrick,thenalltheworkmenwouldbepunishedtodohardworkforthreeyears.afterthecompletionoftheproject,onebrickwasleftbehindtheXiwongcitygate.Thesupervisorwashappyatthesightofthebrickandreadytopunishthem.HoweverYiKaizhansaidwithdeliberationthatthebrickwasputtherebyasupernaturalbeingtofixthewall.atinymovewouldcausethecollapseofthewall.Thereforethebrickwaskeptthereandnevermoved.itcanstillbefoundtheretodayonthetoweroftheJiayuguanPass.

inadditiontotheabove-mentionedstoriesabouttheconstructionoftheGreatwall,therearealsoplentyofstoriesaboutcurrentscenicspots.afamousoneisthelegendoftheBeaconTower.Thisstoryhappenedduringthewesternzhoudynasty（11thcenturyBc-711Bc）.KingYouhadaqueennamedBa