长城英文导游词0文档格式.docx

1、16、长城题一：长城的历史及居庸关、八达岭长城。iamveryproudtohavetheopportunitytobeyourguide.TodaywearegoingtovisitGreatwall.HistoryofTheGreatwall（长城的历史）constructionoftheGreatwallfirstbeganintheseventhcenturyBcatthattime,itwascalledSpringandautumnPeriod.Thefirstsectionofwall,thatappearedinchina,wasbuiltbytheQinKingdomandt

2、hechuKingdom.Theyhadahighwallwhichwascalled“squarewall”or“squarecity”builtsurroundingtheirownterritoriestodefendtheattackoftheirneighboringenemy.SoitwasalsoknownastheQiGreatwallandthechuGreatwallinordertodefendthemselvesagainsttheinfringingenemyfromtheneighboringstates,allthekingdomshadsectionsofhig

3、hwallsconstructedaroundtheirownterritoriesforself-protection.Theybuilthighwallsatthestrategicpointsofthenorth.ThesehighwallsweretheprimitiveprototypeofthepresentdayGreatwallandlaidthefoundationforthepresentGreatwall.inchinesehistory,thisisthelargestprojectcarriedoutinthreedynastiesthatbroughttheclim

4、axofthedevelopmentoftheGreatwall.Large-scaleconstructionoftheGreatwallwasconcentratedintheQin,Hanandmingdynasties.in221Bc,QinShihuangdefeatedtheothersixkingdomsandunifiedchina.inordertoconsolidatetheunity,hedecidedtolinkuptheseparatesectionsofhighwalls,builtbydifferentkingdoms,intotheGreatwall.Thenh

5、esentmengTian,amilitarygeneral,with300,000soldiersandonemillioncivilianuptonorthtobuilduptheGreatwall.agreatmanysectionswerelinkedupandexpanded,andfinallyitwasextendedintoaGreatwall.whenitwasfinished,thetotallengthoftheGreatwallwasover7,000kilometerslong.TheQinGreatwallstartedfromLintao,GansuProvinc

6、einthewestandendedinLiaodong,LiaoningProvinceintheeast.Large-scaleconstructionoftheGreatwallwasongoingthroughtoutthereignofEmperorwudiintheHandynasty.inordertowardofftheHunsaswellastoprotecttheSilkRoad,theyalsohadtheGreatwallextendedtowardsthewestforanother5,000kilometerslongtotheLopnurLakeintodaysX

7、injiangUygurautonomousRegion.TheHanGreatwallstartedfromtheLiaodongPeninsulaintheeast,andendedatthefootoftheTianshanmountaininXinjiangUygurautonomousRegion,withatotallengthof10,000kilometers.Thelastlarge-scaleprojectontheGreatwallwascarriedoutinthemingdynasty.in1368,rightafterzhuYuanzhangestablishedt

8、hemingdynasty,hestartedthereconstructionoftheGreatwallimmediatelyonthebasisoftheQinGreatwall.SincetheremainingforcesoftheYuanoftenmadecounterattacksonBeijingandthethreatsofthenewlyraisedethnictribeof“nuzhen”alsothreatenedthemingcourt,mingEmperorzhuYuanzhangpaidgreatattentiontoconstructionoftheGreatw

9、allandstationedtroopsalongthewall.ThewholeprojectofthemingGreatwalltookmorethan200yearstocomplete,andtherewere18large-scaleconstructionsoftheGreatwallinthemingdynasty.afterthat,thetotallengthofmingGreatwallwasmorethan7,000kilometersfromYaluRiverinLiaoningProvinceintheeast,toJiayuguanPassinGansuProvi

10、nceinthewest.itpassesninecities,provincesandautonomousregionsofLiaoning,Hebei,Tianjin,Beijing,Shanxi,innermongolia,Shanxi,ningxiaandGansu.ThisistheGreatwallweseetoday.ThemainforcefortheGreatwallwascomposedofsolidiersdefendingthefrontier,exilesandcriminals,aswellasthelocallaborers.inancienttimestheGr

11、eatwallwasnotonlyastrongdefensiveprojectbutalsoplayedaveryimportantmilitaryandeconomicrole.ThefunctionoftheGreatwallinchineseHistorywasmainlyinmilitarystrategies,Economy,andPerfectharmonyofvariousnationalities.Themostimportantisinmilitarystrategies.TheGreatwallatJuyongguanPass（居庸关长城）JuyongguanPassis

12、locatedat50kilometersnorthwestofdowntownBeijing.Themountionsflankingthevalleyhavemanygracefulpeaks.Theslopesonbothsidesofthenarrowpassesarecoveredwithdensetreesandplants.So,itusedtobeoneofthefamous”EightViewsofYanjing”Therewasa20-kilometer-longvalleycalled“GuangouValley”fromsouthtonorth,with4passesa

13、longthevalleynamed“nankou，Juyongguan，ShangguanandBadaling”TheywereofgreatstrategicimportanceindefendingthenationalcapitalofBeijingJuYongguanPassisoneofthemThename“Juyong”inchinesemeans“aplaceofpoorlaborers”.accordingtohistoricalrecords,EmperorQinShihuangforcedmanyconscriptstobuildthispartoftheGreatw

14、all.insideJuyongPassthereisanancientmarbleplatformknownas“cloudTerrace”itwasfirstbuiltin1342duringtheYuandynastyThereusedtobethreeTibetanstylepagodasbuiltontheterracewitharoadpassingunderitfromnorthtosouth.Therefore,itwasalsocalled“ThecrossingRoadPagoda”.Later,whenthepagodasweredestroyed,atemplewasb

15、uiltontheverysite.However，thetemplewasburntdowninafireintheearlyyearsoftheQingdynasty，soonlytheterraceremained.TherearealsoBuddhistscripturesinscribedonthestonewallintheSanskrit，Tibetan，Basiba（akindofmongolianscript），Xixia，UygurandHanlanguagesTheyofferuswonderfulexamplesoftheirexquisiteworkmanshipan

16、dvividnessincarvingTheyareextremelyvaluabletothestudyofBuddhismandancientlanguagesTodayonthewaytoBadalingGreatwallyoucanseearailwayrunningbytheBadalingExpressway.itiswell-knownattheBeijing-zhangjiakouRailway.itismorethan200kilometersawayfromBeijingtozhangjiakou.Therailwayisveryfamousinchinabecauseit

17、wasthefirstrailwaydesignedandconstructedbychineseitself.itschiefdesignerwaszhanTianyou-afamousrailwayengineerinchina.TheGreatwallatBadaling（八达岭长城）TheBadalingGreatwallisabout75kilometersnorthwestofBeijing，anditisthebest-preservedpartoftheGreatwallBadameans“convenienttransportationtoalldirections”.Roa

18、dsfromBadalingleadtoYanqingcountrytoitsnorth;Xuanhua,zhangjiakouanddatongtothewest;totheeastisYongningandSihai;Beijingistothesouth.Fromherepeoplecangotoalldirections，hencethenameofBadaling.TheBadalingsectionisabout12kilometerslongwith24watchtowersand4wallplatforms.Therearefourcharactersinscribedonth

19、eeasternpassofBadaling;“Juyongwaizhen”whichmeanstherewasanotherstrategictownoutsidetheJuyongPass.onthewesternpassofBadaling,thereisaninscriptionwithfourwords“Beimensuoyue”carvedonthetopofthepass,whichmeans,“akeytothenorthgate”,describingthatBadalingPasswasjustlikealockonthegateofBeijing.Therefore,if

20、thegatewasunlockedbyakey,Beijingwouldbeopentodanger.EastofBadalingPassliesabigrockknownas,“Looking-TowardBeijingRock.”originally,thisrockwasahugerockmeasuring7meterslongand2meterswide.itissaidthatin1900,whentheEightalliedForcesattackedBeijing,EmpressdowagercixihastilyescapedfromBeijing.whenshegother

21、e,shesuddenlywantedtoseethecityofBeijingonceagain.ShegotuponthisbigrockandturnedtolooktowardBeijinginthedistance,sothatswhyitiscalled“Looking-TowardBeijingRock”TheGreatwallatBadalingaverages7.8metershigh,6.5meterswideatitsbase,and5.8metersonthetop,wideenoughforfivehorsesortensolidierswalkingabreasto

22、nthewall.watchTowerswerebuiltatregularintervalsontheGreatwallitselfforwatchingovertheinvadingenemy.awatchtowerwasusuallytwostorieshigh,andthedefensesolidierslivedinside.Thegroundfloorwasusedforstoringweaponsandhadanumberofwindowsforarchers.Theupperfloorhadbattlements,peepholesandaperturesforarchers.

23、inthemiddleofthetowerthereweresmalllivingquartersforthedefensesolidiers.Thewatchtowerswerenotonlyusedbythedefendingtroopstotakeshelterfromthewind,rainandheat,butalsotofightandchecktheenemysadvance,andstorearmsandammunition.Beacontowerswerebuiltonbothsidesofthewallatthecommandingpoints，whichwereatthe

24、topofthemountainsorthetwistsandturnsformakingwarningsignals.whenevertheemenywassighted,fireswerelitonthetopofthebeacontoweratnight,andthesmokeindaytime.Thesmokewasspeciallymadebyburningdriedwolvesdungindaytime.moreover,thenumberofthefireandsmokecouldrevealthenumberofinvadingenemiesThesignalofasingle

25、fireorsmokewithoneshotofartilleryfire,warnedtheinvadingtroopsof100enemies;twosmokesandtwoshotsofgunfireindicated500enemies;ifthenumberofthecomingenemieswasaround1,000,therewerethreesmokesandthreeshotsofgunfire.Foursmokesandfourshotsofgunfireindicatedover5,000enemies,and10,000enemieswithfivesmokes,ec

26、t.inthisway,thecommanderswouldnotonlyknowwheretheenemywasapproaching,butalsothenumbersoftheenemy.Thentheycouldbewellpreparedfordefenseagainsttheenemy.well,thatisallformypresentation.Thanksforyourattention.imlookingforwardtoyournextvisit.Thankyou!篇二：八达岭长城的英文导游词inthenorthofchina,thereliesa6,700-kilome

27、ter-long（4,161-mile-long）ancientwall.nowwell-knownastheGreatwallofchina,itstartsattheJiayuguanPassofGansuProvinceinthewestandendsattheShanhaiguanPassofHebeiProvinceintheeast.asoneoftheEightwondersintheworld,theGreatwallofchinahasbecomethesymbolofthechinesenationanditsculture.Lotsofbeautifullegendsan

28、dstoriesabouttheGreatwalltookplacefollowingalongtheconstruction,andsincethattimethesestorieshavespreadaroundthecountry.Thosethathappenedduringconstructionareabundant,suchasmengJiangnusstoryandthelegendoftheJiayuguanPass.mengJiangnusstoryisthemostfamousandwidelyspreadofallthelegendsabouttheGreatwall.

29、ThestoryhappenedduringtheQindynasty（221Bc-206Bc）.ittellsofhowmengJiangnusbitterweepingmadeasectionoftheGreatwallcollapse.mengJiangnushusbandFanQiliangwascaughtbyfederalofficialsandsenttobuildtheGreatwall.mengJiangnuheardnothingfromhimafterhisdeparture,soshesetouttolookforhim.Unfortunately,bythetimes

30、hereachedthegreatwall,shediscoveredthatherhusbandhadalreadydied.Hearingthebadnews,shecriedherheartout.HerhowlcausedthecollapseofapartoftheGreatwall.ThisstoryindicatesthattheGreatwallistheproductionoftensofthousandsofchinesecommoners.anotherlegendabouttheJiayuguanPasstellsofaworkmannamedYiKaizhaninth

31、emingdynasty（1368Bc-1644Bc）whowasproficientinarithmetic.Hecalculatedthatitwouldneed99,999brickstobuildtheJiayuguanPass.Thesupervisordidnotbelievehimandsaidiftheymiscalculatedbyevenonebrick,thenalltheworkmenwouldbepunishedtodohardworkforthreeyears.afterthecompletionoftheproject,onebrickwasleftbehindt

32、heXiwongcitygate.Thesupervisorwashappyatthesightofthebrickandreadytopunishthem.HoweverYiKaizhansaidwithdeliberationthatthebrickwasputtherebyasupernaturalbeingtofixthewall.atinymovewouldcausethecollapseofthewall.Thereforethebrickwaskeptthereandnevermoved.itcanstillbefoundtheretodayonthetoweroftheJiayuguanPass.inadditiontotheabove-mentionedstoriesabouttheconstructionoftheGreatwall,therearealsoplentyofstoriesaboutcurrentscenicspots.afamousoneisthelegendoftheBeaconTower.Thisstoryhappenedduringthewesternzhoudynasty（11thcenturyBc-711Bc）.KingYouhadaqueennamedBa