状元之路高中英语 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars单元综合测评 新人教版必修3Word下载.docx
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第一部分 阅读理解(共两节;
满分30分)
第一节 (共10小题;
每小题2分,满分20分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
A
Whatsciencefiction(story)oncetoldaboutotherworldsfarawayisnowafact.Astronomers(expertsatthescienceoftheuniverse)proveanothersolar(ofthesun)systemlikeourswithsomeplanetsintheconstellationAndromeda(仙女座).
GeoffreyMarcyisaprofessorofastronomyandphysicsatSanFranciscoStateUniversityandsays,“Whatwehavefoundnow,forthefirsttimeever,isindeedafully-grownsystem-ofplanetsaroundthestarUpsilonAndromeda.Itappearstohavethreeplanets,oneclosein,oneatamiddledistance,andonefartherout.Thestarisslightlylargerthanoursun.Theplanetsarehuge,likeourJupiter(木星).”
Marcy'
spartnerinthisresearch,DebraFischer,describesthesolarsystem,“Herearetheinnerplanetthatgoesaroundevery46days,themiddleplanetthatgoesaroundevery242days,andthentheouterplanetthatgoesaroundeverythreeandahalftofouryears.”
Astronomically,it'
snotfaraway,44lightyears.Thesunofthatsolarsystem,UpsilonAndromeda,issonearandbrightthatitcanbeseenbyusingnoequipmentduringsummerandfall.
Fortwelveyearsastronomerssearchedtheskiesinthebeliefthatifoursunhasplanetsaroundit,surelyothersdo,too.GeoffreyMarcysays,“Andthenstartingthreeandahalfyearsago,webeganfindingforthefirsttimeplanetssingly,oneplanetherearoundonestar...”
“WhenIlookupatthestarsnowatnight,Icanimagineeasilythateveryoneofthemhasplanetsaroundthem,”saysDebraFischer.
Itwasatremble(shaking)inthestarthatledMarcytotheplanets.“Thestarrocksaroundduetothegravityoftheplanetasadogownergetspulledaroundbyalittledog.”
Cantheysupportlife?
Wedon'
tknow,becausepresenttechnologyisnotadvancedenoughtodeterminewhattheplanetsaremadeof.That,Marcysays,isastronomy'
snextchallenge.
1.What'
stherelationbetweenAndromeda(A),UpsilonAndromedasystem(U)andthementionedthreeplanets(P)?
B
C
D
答案与解析:
B 推理判断题。
通读全文可知Andromeda是一个星座,像太阳系;
UpsilonAndromeda是一颗恒星,像太阳;
threeplanets是它的三个卫星,因此可推出B项正确。
2.AccordingtoDebraFischer,inthenewsolarsystem,________.
A.thefartheraplanetisfromthestar,thelongerittakestogoaroundthestar
B.thelargeraplanetis,theshorterittakestogoaroundthestar
C.ittakesalltheplanetsaroundthreeandahalftofouryearstogoaroundthestar
D.theplanetsmovearoundthestaratthesame(均匀)speed
A 推理判断题。
根据天文常识及本文所述,任何行星的卫星的运转周期不可能是一致的,越是远离行星,一般运转周期越长。
3.WhatledtoMarcy'
sdiscoveryoftheplanets?
A.Thathefoundadogownerwaspulledbyhisdog.
B.ThetrembleofUpsilonAndromeda.
C.Thatanyplanethasgravity.
D.Thathebelievesanystarhasitsplanets.
B 细节理解题。
由倒数第二段可知。
4.Wecaninferthatthescientistsare________.
A.tofindoutwhethertheplanetscansupportlife
B.tofindmeanstocommunicatewiththelivingbeingsontheplanets
C.tofindmeanstotraveltotheplanets
D.soontobeabletoanswerthequestionofwhetherthereislifeontheseplanets
其他几项提到的不是本文重点或没提及。
Theearthistheonlyplanetthatscientiststhinkhaslife.Whydoestheearthhavelifewhiletheotherplanets(行星)don'
t?
Foronething,theearthisjusttherighttemperature.Asthe_third_planetfromthesun,theearthseemstobejusttherightdistanceaway.Theplanetswhichareclosertothesunarehotthattheirsurfacesbake(烘烤)inthesun.Thefarthestplanetsarecoldballs.
Whentheearthdeveloped—whichscientistsbelievemayhavehappenedabout4billionyearsago—manygasescoveredtheearth.Thegasescausedtheearthtobehot.Butsomethingwonderfulhappened.Thetemperaturewasjustrightforthickcloudstoform.Itrainedveryhardforaverylongtime.Thisgavetheearthitsoceans.Watermadeitpossibleforplantstogrow.Theplantscreatedoxygenintheatmosphere.Oxygenisthegasthathumansandanimalsbreathe.
Onlyoneotherplanetinthesolarsystemseemstobesomethingliketheearth.ThatplanetisMars(火星).Marsissmallerthantheearth,anditisquiteabitcooler.Butitisnottoocoldforhumans.Onsomedays,thetemperaturesareaslowasawinterdayinthenorthernUnitedStates.Ifyouworeaspecialspacesuit,youcouldwalkaroundonMars.Youwouldhavetobringyourownairtobreathe,theaironMarsistoothintobreathe.
Marshasthelargestvolcano(火山)inthesolarsystem.Itissixteenmileshigh.Thehighestvolcanoontheearthisfivemileshigh.Themostunexpected(未预测到的)sightonMarsisdriedupriverbeds.ScientistsbelievethatMarswasoncemuchbetterthanitisnow.DoesthismeantherecouldhavebeenlivingthingsonMars?
Scientistsarenotsure,butth