完整版4毕业设计外文资料翻译高升Word格式文档下载.docx
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学院土木建筑学院
专业土木工程
班级土木1108
学生高升
学号
指导教师刘俊岩
二0—五年三月六日
FACTAUNIVERSITATIS
Series:
ArchitectureandCivilEngineeringVol.4,No2,2006,pp.85-89
CIVILENGINEERINGPROJECTSREALIZATION
MANAGEMENT
SlobodanMirkovi?
UniversityofNi?
FacultyofCivilEngineeringandArchitecture,
Serbia
Abstract:
Thepapertreatsthemanagementoftherealizationof
civilengineeringprojectsorcivilengineeringbuildingsconstructionmanagement,asacomplexdynamicprocess,whichentailsalargenumberofstrategicandoperativedecisionswhichareimportantforanefficient,costeffective,andeconomicconstruction.Themanagementprocessexecutionisnotpossiblewithoutthefunctionssuchasplanning,organizing,coordinationandcontrol.Planning,astheinitialfunction,importantfortheforecastofthefutureevents,tasksandgoals,isrenderedmuchsimplerbytheapplicationofcomputersandsoftwarepackages.Suchsoftwarepackagesfacilitatetheintegralmanagement,planning,realization,aswellascontrolofthecourseofrealizationofcivilengineeringprojects,thatistheentirecourseofcivilengineeringbuildingsconstruction.ThemostfrequentprogramsinthisapplicationaretheScheduler,PrimaVeraandProject.TheexperienceacquiredintheapplicationofthesesoftwarepackagesthatthebestresultsincivilengineeringattainedbythesoftwarepackagePROJECT2003.
Keywords:
Project,softwarepackages,managementprocess,organizationprojectandbuildingtechnology.
INTRODUCTION
Startingfromthefactthattherealizationofcivilengineeringprojectsorconstructionofcivilengineeringbuildingsisaverycomplexdynamicalprocess,affectedbyanextremelylargenumberoffactorswhichareconstantorstochasticincharacter,itcanbestatedthatthestructurerealization,thatisconstruction,ispossibleonlywithmakingtimelyandcorrectdecisions,andwithadoptionofmostefficientmethodsandwaysofmanagementandrealization.
Accordingtothepreviousstatement,themanagementoftherealizationofcivilengineeringprojectsthatismanagementofbuildingconstruction,isregardedasadynamicalprocessofdecisionmaking,abouttheactivitieswhichimprovethefunctioninganddevelopmentofcivilengineeringproduction,asamacrosystem,mindtheavailablescopeofrelevantinformation.Themanagementisperformedthroughtherealizationoffourbasicfunctions,whichare:
planning,organization,coordinationandcontrol.
Planningisthebasicinitialfunctionwhichdeterminesthegoals,tasks,plansandprograms,butalsothestrategicdecisionsandwaysfortheirmostefficientrealization.Initsessence,thegoalofplanningistoforecastthefutureevents(thosethatcanbeactedupon;
thosethatcanbepartiallyacteduponandthosewhichcanbeacteduponindistantfuture).
Organizationasafunctionororganizationalsystemwiththeappropriatestructuralelements,whichiscapabletorealize,inanoptimalway,theplannedgoalsandtasks,formedbytheplanning.
Coordinationasafunctionessence,itcanberegardedastheoperationalmanagementwhenperformingorputtingintopracticetheplannedgoalsandtasks.
Controlasafunctionthebasisoftheactionoftheorganizationalsystem,bytherealizationoftheadopteddecisions,goals,tasks.Itcontrolstheregularityofusageorconsumptionoftheengagedresources,labor,finances,soitisregardedatthesametimeasameansoffeedbackrecording,andofcollectinginformationimportantforthedecisionmakingprocess.
Managementofcivilengineeringprojectscan-technicalbutalsosocial.
Asuccessfulmanagementofcivilengineeringprojectsrealizationrequiresknowledgeofthecivilengineeringproduction,itscomplexityandspecificsinrespecttootherkindsofproduction.Thebasicspecificsofthecivilengineeringproductionreflectinuniquenessandcharacterofwork;
inkindanddimensionsofcivilengineeringbuildingsregardedastheresultsofwork;
inthefinalproductsbeinginseparatefromthelocation;
intheuniversalityandmobilityofthecapacities;
intheactionofvariableclimate-meteorological,topographic,geological-geomechanical,managementorbuildingconstructionmanagementrequiresmakingtimelyandcorrectdecisionswhichbringaboutintheconditionsofsignificantinstabilityorstochasticcharacterofexecution.Inthiswaytheactionofdestabilizingfactorsisforestalledandthebuildingproductionisincreased;
thecapacityareincreased;
thequalityofconstructionisimproved;
theconstructiontimeisdecreased;
theworkingconditionsareimproved;
theconstructionworksareincreasinglyautomatizedandmechanizedandtheprofessionalskillsandqualificationlevelsoftheconstructionworkersareenhanced.Attainmentofthesegoalsisonlypossibleifthebuildingconstructionisorga