语言学 选择判断题.docx
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语言学选择判断题
CHAPTER1
I。
Decidewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse:
T1。
Linguisticsisgenerallydefinedasthescientificstudyoflanguage。
F2.Ascientificstudyoflanguageisbasedonwhatthelinguistthinks。
T3。
Generallinguisticsisgenerallythestudyoflanguageasawhole
T4。
Phoneticsisdifferentfromphonologyinthatthelatterstudiesthecombinationsofthesoundstoconveymeaningincommunication。
T5.Thestudyofthewaysinwhichmorphemescanbecombinedtoformwordsiscalledmorphology.
T6。
Appliedlinguisticsistheapplicationoflinguisticprinciplesandtheoriestolanguageteachingandlearning
T7Competenceandperformancereferrespectivelytoalanguageuser’sunderlyingknowledgeaboutthesystemofrulesandtheactualuseoflanguageinconcrete
F8Languageisameansofverbalcommunication。
Therefore,thecommunicationwayusedbythedeaf-muteisnotlanguage
T9。
Bydiachronicstudywemeantostudythechangesanddevelopmentoflanguage
F10.Languagechangeisuniversal,ongoingandarbitrary
F11.Thereisuniversalagreementabouttheoriginoflanguage。
F12。
Petdogscanspeakhumanlanguages。
F13.Allhumaninfantscanspeaksomelanguage.
F14。
Bycreativitywemeanthecreativeuseoflanguageasoftenpracticedbypoets。
F15。
Withdifferentculturestherewillbedifferentlanguages.
T16。
Notallusesoflanguagearemeanttoconveynewinformation。
III.Therearefourchoicesfollowingeachstatement.Markthechoicethatcanbestcompletethestatement.
1。
Ifalinguisticstudydescribesandanalyzesthelanguagepeopleactuallyuse,itissaidtobe______________.
A。
prescriptiveB。
analyticC.descriptiveD.linguistic
2。
Whichofthefollowingisnotadesignfeatureofhumanlanguage?
A.ArbitrarinessB。
DisplacementC.DualityD。
Meaningfulness
3.Modernlinguisticsregardsthewrittenlanguageas____________。
A.primaryB.correctC.secondaryD。
stable
4.Thefunctionofthesentence“waterboilat100degreescentigrade”
AinterrogativeBdirectiveCinformativeDperformative
5。
Ahistoricalstudyoflanguageisa____studyoflanguage.
A.synchronicB.diachronicC.prescriptiveD。
comparative
6。
Languageisasystemofarbitraryvocalsymbolsforhuman__________.
AcontactBcommunicationCrelationDcommunity
7.Languagesis_______
AinstinctiveBnon—instinctiveCstaticDgeneticallytransmitted
8.Alinguistregardsthechangeinlanguageandlanguageuseas_______
AunnaturalBsomethingtobefearedCnaturalDabnormal
9.Whichofthefollowingwordsisentirelyarbitrary
AtreeBcrashCtypewriterDbang
10。
Inmodernlinguistics,speechisregardedasmorebasicthanwriting,because___________。
A。
inlinguisticevolution,speechispriortowriting
B。
speechplaysagreaterrolethanwritingintermsoftheamountofinformationconveyed。
C。
speechisalwaysthewayinwhicheverynativespeakeracquireshismothertongue
D.Alloftheabove
CHAPTER2
I.DecidewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsisTrueorFalse:
T1。
VoicingisaphonologicalfeaturethatdistinguishesmeaninginbothChineseandEnglish。
F2。
Iftwophoneticallysimilarsoundsoccurinthesameenvironmentsandtheydistinguishmeaning,theyaresaidtobeincomplementarydistribution。
F3。
Aphoneisaphoneticunitthatdistinguishesmeaning.
F4。
EnglishisatonelanguagewhileChineseisnot。
T5. Inlinguisticevolution,speechispriortowriting.
T6。
Ineverydaycommunication,speechplaysagreaterrolethanwritingintermsoftheamountofinformationconveyed.
F7。
Articulatoryphoneticstriestodescribethephysicalpropertiesofthestreamofsoundswhichaspeakerissueswiththehelpofamachinecalledspectrograph。
F8。
Thearticulatoryapparatusofahumanbeingarecontainedinthreeimportantareas:
thethroat,themouthandthechest。
T9。
Vibrationofthevocalcordsresultsinaqualityofspeechsoundscalledvoicing。
F10. Englishconsonantscanbeclassifiedintermsofplaceofarticulationandthepartofthetonguethatisraisedthehighest。
F11. Accordingtothemannerofarticulation,someofthetypesintowhichtheconsonantscanbeclassifiedarestops,fricatives,bilabialandalveolar。
T12. Vowelsoundscanbedifferentiatedbyanumberoffactors:
thepositionoftongueinthemouth,theopennessofthemouth,theshapeofthelips,andthelengthofthevowels。
F13. Accordingtotheshapeofthelips,vowelscanbeclassifiedintoclosevowels,semi-closevowels,semi—openvowelsandopenvowels。
F14. Anysoundproducedbyahumanbeingisaphoneme.
F15. Phonesarethesoundsthatcandistinguishmeaning。
F16。
Phonologyisconcernedwithhowthesoundscanbeclassifiedintodifferentcategories。
T17。
Abasicwaytodeterminethephonemesofalanguageistoseeifsubstitutingonesoundforanotherresultsinachangeofmeaning。
F18。
Whentwodifferentformsareidenticalineverywayexceptforonesoundsegmentwhichoccursinthesameplaceinthestrings,thetwowordsaresaidtoformaphonemiccontrast。
T19。
Therulesgoverningthephonologicalpatterningarelanguagespecific。
T20。
Distinctivefeaturesofsoundsegmentscanbefoundrunningoverasequenceoftwoormorephonemicsegments。
III。
Therearefourchoicesfollowingeachofthestatementsbelow。
Markthechoicethatcanbestcompletethestatement:
35.Ofallthespeechorgans,the_______is/arethemostflexible.
A。
mouth B。
lips C。
tongue D。
vocalcords
36.Thesoundsproducedwithoutthevocalcordsvibratingare____sounds。
A。
voiceless B.voiced
C.vowel D。
consonantal
37.__________isavoicedalveolarstop。
A。
/z/ B./d/
C./k/ D./b/
38.Theassimilationruleassimilatesonesoundtoanotherby“copying"afeatureofasequentialphoneme,thusmakingthetwophones____________。
A.identical B。
same
C.exactlyalike D。
similar
39.Since/p/and/b/arephoneticallysimilar,occurinthesameenvironmentsandtheycandistinguishmeaning,theyaresaidtobe___________。
A.inphonemiccontrast B。
incomplementarydistribution
C。
theallophones D。
minimalpair
40.Thesound/f/is_________________.
A。
voicedpalatalaffricate B。
voicedalveolarstop
C。
voicelessvelarfricative D。
voicelesslabiodentalfricative
41。
A____vowelisonethatisproducedwiththefrontpartofthetonguemaintainingthehighestposition。
A.back B。
central
C.front D.middle
42。
Distinctivefeaturescanbefoundrunningoverasequenceoftwoormorephonemicsegments。
Thephonemicfeaturesthatoccurabovethelevelofthesegmentsarecalled____________。
A。
phoneticcomponents B.immediateconstituents
C.suprasegmentalfeatures D。
semanticfeatures
43。
A(n)___________isaunitthatisofdistinctivevalue。
Itisanabstractunit,acollectionofdistinctivephoneticfeatures.
A。
phone B.sound
C。
allophone D.phoneme
44.Thedifferentphoneswhichcanrepresentaphonemeindifferentphoneticenvironmentsarecalledthe____ofthatphoneme.
A.phones B.sounds
C。
phonemes D。
allophones
CHAPTER3
I。
DecidewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsisTrueorFalse:
T1。
Morphologystudiestheinternalstructureofwordsandtherulesbywhichwordsareformed.
F2。
Wordsarethesmallestmeaningfulunitsoflanguage。
T3.Justasaphonemeisthebasicunitinthestudyofphonology,soisamorphemethebasicunitinthestudyofmorphology.
T4。
Thesmallestmeaningfulunitsthatcanbeusedfreelyallbythemselvesarefreemorphemes。
T5.Boundmorphemesincludetwotypes:
rootsandaffixes.
T6。
Inflectionalmorphemesmanifestvariousgrammaticalrelationsorgrammaticalcategoriessuchasnumber,tense,degree,andcase。
T7。
Theexistingformtowhichaderivationalaffixcanbeaddediscalledastem,whichcanbeaboundroot,afreemorpheme,oraderivedformitself。
F8.Prefixesusuallymodifythepartofspeechoftheoriginalword,notthemeaningofit.
F9。
Therearerulesthatgovernwhichaffixcanbeaddedtowhattypeofstemtoformanewword.Therefore,wordsformedaccordingtothemorphologicalrulesareacceptablewords.
T10。
Phonetically,thestressofacompoundalwaysfallsonthefirstelement,whilethesecondelementreceivessecondarystress。
III。
Therearefourchoicesfollowingeachstatement。
Markthechoicethatcanbestcompletethestatement:
21。
Themorpheme“vision"inthecommonword“television”isa(n)______。
A.boundmorphemeB.boundform
C。
inflectionalmorphemeD。
freemorpheme
22。
Thecompoundword“bookstore”istheplacewherebooksaresold。
Thisindicatesthatthemeaningofacompound__________.
A。
isthesumtotalofthemeaningofitscomponents
B.canalwaysbeworkedoutbylookingatthemeaningsofmorphemes
C。
isthesameasthemeaningofafreephrase。
D.Noneoftheabove。
23。
Thepartofspeechofthecompoundsisgenerallydeterminedbythepartofspeechof__________.
A。
thefirstelement
B。
thesecondelement
C.eitherthefirstorthesecondelement
D.boththefirstandthesecondelements。
24._______arethosethatcannotbeusedindependentlybuthavetobecombinedwithothermorphemes,eitherfreeorbound,toformaword。
A。
FreemorphemesB.Boundmorphemes
C.BoundwordsD。
Words
25。
_________i