词汇学论文-构词法.doc

词汇学论文-构词法.doc

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英语词汇学论文

WordFormation

班级：

12011班

姓名：

王启飞

学号：

20120301119

Abstract:

VocabularyisoneofthemainobstaclesofEnglishstudy.HoweverEnglishwordformationcanhelpusrecognizeEnglishwords,understandthemcorrectly,andenlargeourvocabularyquickly.ItisanefficientwayandpowerfulweaponforEnglishstudy.Amongthem，affixationisthestrongestonetoformagreatrangeofvocabulary,anditisclaimedtobeoneofthebestwaysoflearningEnglish.Besides,compounding,conversion,blending,clipping,acronyms,back-formationarealsoefficientwaysoflearningEnglish.Inthepaperthewaysandcharacteristicsofwordformationisanalyzedformtheseaspects:

affixation,compounding,conversion,blending.

Keywords:

English;lexicology;wordformation;affixation

摘要：

词汇是我们在英语学习过程中最大的障碍。

然而，英语构词法能够帮助我们很好地辨别并正确理解英语，同时也可以在短时间内增加我们的词汇量，英语构词法是学习英语的有效途径和强有力的“武器”。

在所有的英语构词法中，词缀法能够生成的新单词是最多的也是最广泛的，它被认为是英语学习的最佳途径之一。

除了词缀法以外，复合法、转类法、混成法、截短法、首字母拼音法、逆向构词法也都是英语学习的有效途径

关键词：

英语；词汇学；构词法；词缀法

Introduction

TheexpansionofvocabularyinmodernEnglishdependschieflyonwordformation.Thereisavarietyofmeansbeingatworknow.Themostproductiveareaffixation,compoundingandconversion.Talkingaboutwordformationpatternsmeansdealingwithrules.Butnotallwordswhichareproducedbyapplyingtheruleareacceptable.Theacceptabilityisgainedonlywhenthewordhavegainedaninstitutionalcurrencyinthelanguage.Thereforerulesonlyprovideaconstantsetofmodelsfromwhichnewwordarecreatedfromdaytoday.Rulesthemselvesarenotfixedbutundergochangestoacertainextent.Forinstance,affixesandcompoundingprocessesmaybecomeproductiveatonetimeorlosetheirproductivity.Bywordformationprocesses,weconcentrateonproductiveoronproductiverules.Whileapplyingtherules,weshouldkeepinmindthattherearealwaysexceptions.Inmyopinion,themostimportantprincipleforalltheserulesofwordformationiseconomy.

Chapter1thefunctionofEnglishwordformation

1.1WordformationisaneffectivewaytoenlargeourEnglishvocabulary.

Nowadays,moreandmorepeoplehavetakennoticeoflearningEnglish.ThenumberofthepeoplewhobegintolearnEnglishhasincreasedatahighspeed.HowcanweimproveourEnglisheffectivelyisundoubtedlythefocusofourattention.Generallyspeaking,vocabularyandgrammaticalrulesarekeystolearningEnglishwell.Amongthetwoaspects,vocabularyapparentlyplaysamoreimportantrole.

Vocabularyisthefoundationoflanguage.Ifalanguagelearnerdoesn’thaveenoughvocabularytoexpresshisorheropinionsandunderstandotherpeople,evenifhisorhergrammaticalrulesandpronunciationsareexcellent,buthecannotcommunicatewithotherswell,heshouldn’tbeagoodlanguagelearner.

Undertheinfluenceoftraditionalteachingmode,teachersoftenemphasismoreongrammaticalrulesandpronunciationsthanvocabulary.Asaresult,studentsspendalotoftimeonrememberingnewwords,buttheresultsarenotsoefficient.HoweverifwehaveaknowledgeofEnglishwordformation,theresultswillbenotthatbad.WordformationisreallyaneffectivewaytoenlargeourEnglishvocabulary.

1.2Wordformationcanhelpushaveabettercomprehensionofanarticle.

Whenwearereadinganewarticle,weoftenencounterwithsomenewwordsthatwehaveneverseenbefore.Inthiscase,mostofuswillleaveoutthenewwordandgoonwiththefollowingsections.However,thisisnotagoodhabit.IfwewanttoimproveourEnglish,wehavetotakeeverynewwordseriouslyeitherlookthemupinthedictionaryorsearchfortheinternet.Butdon’tyouthinkthatthesemethodsareinefficient?

IfweknowsomethingaboutEnglishwordformation,maybethearticlewouldnotbesodifficultforustounderstand.Inthisway,wecanguessthemeaningofthenewwordaccordingtowhatwehavelearnedaboutEnglishwordformation.Ithasbeenprovedthatourguessiscorrectinmostcases.Sowesaywordformationcanhelpushaveabettercomprehensionofanewarticle.

1.3Manynewwordscanbederivedbasedontherulesofwordformation

Recentyears,theuseofcomputersasamediumofcommunicationhasgivenbirthtoanewlanguagephenomenon-cyberlanguage.Alargeamountofcyberlanguagehassprungup.Notallthenewvocabularycanberecognizedbyhumansociety.Somenewwordsonlyemergedinaveryshorttimeandthendisappeared,however,therearestillalotofwordsaresharedbymanypeople.Finally,thesewordsarerecognizedbythewholehumansociety.Someareevenaddedtothereverseddictionary.Canwesaythatthesewordsareunreasonableandirrational?

Theanswerisabsolutely“No”.

Mostofthenewwordsthathavebeenrecognizedarederivedbasedoncertainrulesofwordformation.Forexample,thesentence“3QU”iswidelyus