中考英语句型转换教案牛津版.docx
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中考英语句型转换教案牛津版
2019中考英语:
句型转换
教学内容
1.17-4-词形转换做题方法及易错题分析
一.句型转换
【知识梳理】
1.题型分析
句型转换是目前英语中考的一个常见题型,主要考查学生对不同句子结构(语法)的语言运用能力。
学生只要掌握英语句子的基本结构和单词拼写,该大题得满分并不难。
2.解题技巧
(1)熟练掌握英语的基本句子形式,如陈述句,各种形式的否定句,一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,反意疑问句,感叹句,主动语态和被动语态结构等。
请看下面的例句和分析:
如:
TheT-shirtcostfivedollars.(改为一般疑问句)
___________theT-shirt_________fivedollars?
该句的cost是过去式,不需要加s。
本句应用Did,cost.英语有几个动词过去式和现在式同一形式,set,cut,put,let,fit,read,spread等,要看清楚再做。
如:
Thephotonearthedooristhebest.(就划线部分提问)
_____________________isthebest?
本句用Whichphoto,因为nearthedoor用作定语修饰名词photo,别认为nearthedoor是地点而用错where。
如:
Wehavestudiedinthisschoolforfouryears,(改为特殊疑问句)
_____________________haveyoustudiedinthisschool?
本句虽没有划线部分,但根据句子其他部分意思,可以看出是对forfouryears进行提问,肯定用Howlong.
如:
Let’sgototheexhibitionthisafternoon.(改为反义疑问句)
Let’sgototheexhibitionthisafternoon,______________?
如:
Hecouldhardlyseethewordsontheblackboard.(改为反义疑问句)
Hecouldhardlyseethewordsontheblackboard,________________?
祈使句的反义疑问句,仅Let’s…句型用shallwe,其他都用willyou.而一般疑问句改反义疑问句应注意,若句子的主要部分用肯定,附加部分用否定,反之则相反。
第六句应用couldhe.
(2)要熟悉“保持句意”的改写,如:
简单句和复合句的转换,两句并一句,形容词,副词比较等句型,不用句型的转换,词语的不同搭配。
请看下面的例句和分析:
如:
Itwaseleveno’clockwhenhefinishedhishomeworklastnight.
He_______finishhishomework_______itwaseleveno’clock.
本句是改为notuntil句型,用didn’t,until.
如:
Heisthetallestinhisclass.
Noone_________inhisclassisas_________ashe.
本句是最高级句型改为原等级句型,用else,tall.
如:
Hedidn’tmakeasmanymistakesinhishomeworkasyou.
He_____________mistakesinhishomework_________you.
本句是as(so)…as句型改为用带than的句型,用madefewer…than.Mistakes是可数名词,别误用修饰不可数名词的less。
如:
Thesestampsbelongtomyelderbrother.
Thesestampsareelder_______.
原句中的belongto改为are,动词转换,用法不同,应用brother’s.
如:
TheboxissoheavythatIcan’tcarryit.
Theboxisn’t___________________formetocarry.
本句是复合句改为简单句,且否定结构的位置有变化,需要用heavy的反义词,故用lightenough,误用成too…to结构。
如:
Thequestionisverydifficult.Noonecananswerit.
Thequestionis______difficult_________________________answer.
本句为两句合并成一句,原句有否定意义,应用too…foranyoneto,别误用成sothatanybodycan.如answer后it,才可用so…that结构,因too…to结构句子是简单句,而so...that是复合句。
3.初中英语同义词归纳
(1)glad=happy=pleased(高兴的)difficult=hard=noteasy(困难的)
(2)ofcourse=sure=certainly(当然)giveatalk=makeaspeech(作一次演讲)
(3)givenname=first/middlename(名字)Howabout=Whatabout(什么怎样)
(4)hold=have(举行、进行)fast=quick(快的)
(5)still=allthesame(仍然)comeon=bequick=hurryup(赶快)
(6)drop=throw(扔)drop=land(使落下)drop=giveup(放弃)
(7)rather=quite(相当)rightnow=now(现在)
(8)rightnow=justnow(刚刚)rightaway=atonce(立刻、马上)
(9)except=but(除...之外)
(10)preferAtoB=likeAmore/betterthanB(相对B来说,更喜欢A)
(11)Handsup=putupone’shands=liftone’shands(举手)
(12)return=goback(回去)return=comeback=getback(回来)return=giveback(归还)
(13)past=through(过、通过)
(14)helpsbwithsth=helpsb(to)dosth(帮助某人做某事)
(15)while=when(当...)
(16)several=afew=some(数个、若干)anywhere=inanyplace(任何地方)
(17)everywhere=hereandthere(到处)arrive(inat)=reach=get(to)(到达)
(18)nohurry=takeyourtime(不急、慢慢来)order=turn(顺序)
(19)over=morethan(超过、多于)shop=store(商店)
(20)rush=runveryquickly(冲、奔跑)shop=workshop(车间)
(21)center=middle(中心)join=bein=Takepartin(参加)
(22)takealook=havealook(看一看)assoonaspossible=assoonassbcan(尽快)
(23)hate=dislike(不喜欢、讨厌)
(24)learnsthbyoneself=teachoneselfsth(自学...)
(25)fail=notpass(不及格、失败)
(26)givesbacall=givesbaring=callsb=ringsbup=telephonesb(打电话给某人)
(27)lookafter=takecareof(照顾)
(28)flyto…=goto…byair=goto…byplane(乘飞机去。
。
。
)
(29)inaminute=inamoment=verysoon(一会儿、马上)
(30)almost=nearly(几乎)
(31)justthen=justatthattime(正在那时)
(32)noone=none(没有一人)
(33)hearfrom…=receivealetterfrom…getaletterfrom…=havealetterfrom...(收到...的来信)
(34)also(用于句中)=too(肯定句末)=either(否定句末)
(35)plant=grow(种植)
(36)expensive=dear=notcheap(昂贵的)
(37)sofar=uptonow(直到现在)
(38)billion=athousandmillion(十亿)
(39)century=ahundredyears(世纪、百年)
(40)abitof+unc.=alittle+unc.Abit+adj=alittle+adj
(41)call=name(命名、名叫)
(42)maybe=perhaps(也许、可能)用于句首
(43)nevermind=Itdoesn’tmatter=It’snotimportant(不要紧、没关系)
(46)famous=wellknown著名的hearof=know=learnabout听说
(48)haveclasses=havelessons
(49)haveagoodtime=haveaverynicetime=enjoyoneself玩得开心
(50)doone’sbest=tryone’sbest尽某人的努力start=begin
(51)dowellin=begoodat在...做得好notforget=remember
(52)catchabus=takeabus赶公共汽车hope=wish
(53)lastnight=yesterdayeveningtable=form表格
(54)dosport=takeexercise运动photo=picture
(55)tonight=thiseveninglookaround=lookround四处看看
(56)atlast=intheend=finally最后、最终
(57)haveto=mustlarge=big
(58)nobody=noone没有人somebody=someone有人、某人
(59)anybody=anyone任何人everyone=everybody每个人
(60)Ithink=I’mafraid恐怕...
(61)No.1=numberone
(62)that’sallright=that’sok=Youarewelcome=notatall不必谢
(63)walkto..=goto…onfoot步行到...
(64)rideto..=goto…bybike骑自行车到...
(65)America=theUSA
(66)befrom=comefrom
(67)beover=end结束
(68)alot=lotsof=many(c.)=much(unc.)许多
(69)what’swrong=what’sthetrouble=what’sthematter?
怎么了
(70)justamoment=justaminute=waitaminute等一会
(71)takealookat=havealookat=lookat看一看
(72)takearest=havearest休息一下
(73)theotherday=afewdaysago几天前
(74)ever=atanytime
(75)stopsb(from)doingsth.=prevent/keepsbfromdoingsth.阻止某人干谋事
(76)onbothsides=oneachside=oneitherside在每一旁
(77)inthreedays’time=inthreedays在三天内
(78)shortfor=ashortwayofsaying…简称为....
(79)beside=nextto=nearto在...旁边
(80)can=beableto能够
(81)whatdoyoumeanbythiswords=whatdoestheworldmean=What’sthemeaningofthiswords?
这个单词是什么意思?
Howdoyoulike…?
=Whatdoyouthinkof…?
你认为/觉得...怎么样
4.常见考点
(1)肯定句变否定句:
常考的考点:
have、do句型
例如:
Hehaslunchatschool.(改为否定句)
He______________lunchatschool.
本句动词have不表示“有”而是表示动作,应用doesn’thave,不能用hasnot.
(2)反义疑问句:
常考的考点:
带有否定副词的句子。
(3)主动变被动
常考的考点:
一般现在时、一般过去时、以及含有情态动词的被动语态
(4)同义句转换
常考的考点:
这里对于学生是难点,主要考考纲的近义短语、常考的初中句型。
(5)对划线部分提问
常考的考点:
howlong/soon/far,howmuch/many的区别和联系。
(6)肯定句变感叹句
常考的考点:
近年来考的比较少了,how/what的修饰用法。
(7)两个句子合并为一句,复句变为简单句
常考的考点:
结构状语从句,宾语从句的使用。
注意改写句子的细节问题。
【例题精讲】
例1.(上海徐汇区一模)Millionsofpeoplevisitedthewebsitetopurchasethingsattheshoppinggala.(改为被动句)
Thewebsite
____________________bymillionsofpeopletopurchasethingsattheshoppinggala.
【答案】was|visited
例2.(上海黄浦一模)Wemustdosomethingtostopthecasefromgettingevenworse.(改为被动语态)
Somethingmust
____________________tostopthecasefromgettingevenworse.
【答案】be|done
例3.(上海徐汇区一模)DidMaggieflytoNewYorkonherown?
Hewondered.(合并两句为一句)
HewonderedifMaggie
____________________toNewYorkonherown.
【答案】had|flown
例4.(上海黄浦区一模)Howdoeslearningtakeplaceinourmind?
Scientistsarenotquitesure.(改为宾语从句)
Scientistsarenotquitesurehow
____________________placeinourmind.
【答案】learning|takes
例5.Hedidn’ttellmewhenweshouldmeettomorrow.(改为简单句)
Hedidtellme
____________________meettomorrow.
【答案】when|to
例6.(上海静安区一模)Emmawalksherpetdoginthenearestparktwiceaweek.(对划线部分提问)____________________doesEmmawalkherpetdoginthenearestpark?
【答案】How|often
例7.(上海虹口区一模)Thebabypandasweighabout150gramsonaverage.(划线部分提问)
____________________dothebabypandasweighonaverage?
【答案】How|much
例8.(上海静安区一模)ThisblackiPhone7pluscostJohnmorethan7,000yuan.(改为一般疑问句)
__________thisblackiphone7plus__________Johnmorethan7,000yuan.
【答案】Did|cost
例9.(上海虹口区一模)TheBlackssetoffforHangzhouearlyyesterdaymorning.(改为一般疑问句)
__________theBlacks__________offforHangzhouearlyyesterdaymorning?
【答案】Did|set
例10.(上海徐汇区一模)Mybrotherseldomputhistoysintherightplace.(改为反义疑问句)
Mybrotherseldomputhistoysintherightplace,
____________________?
【答案】did|he
例11.(上海静安区一模)AsitissaidbyJoyce,thelinkmethodisabasicwayofimprovingourmemory.(保持句意不变)
____________________Joyce,thelinkmethodisabasicwayofimprovingourmemory.
【答案】According|to
例12.(上海徐汇区一模)Thethieffinallysaidthathestolethevaluablenecklacefromthelady.(保持句意基本不变)
Thethieffinally
____________________thevaluablenecklacefromthelady.
【答案】admited|stealing
例13.(上海徐汇区一模)Michaelborrowed3booksfromtheschoollibrarylastweek.(保持句意基本不变)
Michael
____________________3booksfromtheschoollibraryforaweek.
【答案】has|kept
例14.上海普陀区一模
It’ssopleasanttovisitanoldfriendfromtimetotime.(改为感叹句)
____________________itistovisitanoldfriendfromtimetotime!
【答案】How|pleasant
例15.It’sreallyamazingtohavepetdogsasourclosefriendsinlife!
(改为感叹句)
____________________itistohavepetdogsasourclosefriendsinlife!
【答案】How|amazing
例16.(上海普陀区二模)my,often,during,I,with,gotravelling,parents,holiday(连词成句)
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】Ioftengotravelingwithmyparentsduringholidays
【分析】略
【课堂练习】
1.Thegirldoesherhomeworkattheweekend.(改为否定句)
Thegirl
____________________herhomeworkattheweekend.
【答案】doesn't|do
2.(上海徐汇区一模)Wecanmakecartoonfacescometolifebygivingthemdifferentexpressions.(对划线部分提问)
____________________youmakecartoonfacescometolife?
【答案】How|can
3.(江苏南通中考真题)Everythingwillbeallrightinafewdays.(对划线部分提问)
____________________willeverythingbeallright?
【答案】How|soon
【分析】【2015年江苏南通中考】
4.(上海虹口区一模)Thenursestookcareofthepatientsinthehospital.(改为被动语态)
Thepatients
____________________careofbythenursesinthehospital.
【答案】were|taken
5.“WillyouvisitMr.Readnextweek?
”TomaskedMary.(改为宾语从句)
TomaskedMary
__________she__________visitMr.Readnextweek.
【答案】whether|would
6.Thespeakerspo