1、中考英语句型转换教案牛津版2019中考英语:句型转换教学内容1.17-4-词形转换做题方法及易错题分析一.句型转换【知识梳理】1.题型分析句型转换是目前英语中考的一个常见题型,主要考查学生对不同句子结构(语法)的语言运用能力。学生只要掌握英语句子的基本结构和单词拼写,该大题得满分并不难。2.解题技巧 (1)熟练掌握英语的基本句子形式,如陈述句,各种形式的否定句,一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,反意疑问句,感叹句,主动语态和被动语态结构等。请看下面的例句和分析:如:The T-shirt cost five dollars.(改为一般疑问句) _the T-shirt_ five dollars? 该句
2、的cost 是过去式,不需要加s。本句应用Did, cost. 英语有几个动词过去式和现在式同一形式,set,cut,put,let,fit,read,spread等,要看清楚再做。如:The photo near the door is the best.(就划线部分提问)_ _is the best?本句用Which photo,因为near the door 用作定语修饰名词 photo,别认为near the door 是地点而用错 where。如:We have studied in this school for four years,(改为特殊疑问句)_ _have you st
3、udied in this school?本句虽没有划线部分,但根据句子其他部分意思,可以看出是对for four years 进行提问,肯定用How long.如:Lets go to the exhibition this afternoon.(改为反义疑问句)Lets go to the exhibition this afternoon,_ _ ?如:He could hardly see the words on the blackboard. (改为反义疑问句)He could hardly see the words on the blackboard, _ _?祈使句的反义疑问
4、句,仅Lets句型用shall we,其他都用will you. 而一般疑问句改反义疑问句应注意,若句子的主要部分用肯定,附加部分用否定,反之则相反。第六句应用could he.(2)要熟悉“保持句意”的改写,如:简单句和复合句的转换,两句并一句,形容词,副词比较等句型,不用句型的转换,词语的不同搭配。请看下面的例句和分析:如:It was eleven oclock when he finished his homework last night.He _finish his homework _ it was eleven oclock.本句是改为not until 句型,用didnt,
5、until.如:He is the tallest in his class.No one _in his class is as _ as he.本句是最高级句型改为原等级句型,用else, tall.如:He didnt make as many mistakes in his homework as you.He _ _ mistakes in his homework _ you.本句是 as(so)as 句型改为用带than的句型,用made fewerthan. Mistakes 是可数名词,别误用修饰不可数名词的less。如:These stamps belong to my e
6、lder brother.These stamps are elder_ .原句中的belong to 改为are ,动词转换,用法不同,应用brothers.如:The box is so heavy that I cant carry it.The box isnt _ _for me to carry.本句是复合句改为简单句,且否定结构的位置有变化,需要用heavy的反义词,故用light enough,误用成tooto结构。如:The question is very difficult. No one can answer it.The question is _difficult_
7、 _ _ answer.本句为两句合并成一句,原句有否定意义,应用toofor anyone to,别误用成so that anybody can. 如answer后it,才可用sothat结构,因tooto结构句子是简单句,而so.that是复合句。3.初中英语同义词归纳(1) glad=happy=pleased (高兴的) difficult=hard=not easy (困难的) (2) of course=sure=certainly (当然) give a talk=make a speech(作一次演讲) (3) given name =first/middle name(名字)
8、 How about=What about (什么怎样) (4) hold=have (举行、进行) fast=quick (快的) (5) still=all the same(仍然) come on=be quick=hurry up(赶快) (6) drop=throw(扔) drop=land(使落下) drop=give up(放弃) (7) rather= quite (相当) right now=now(现在) (8) right now=just now(刚刚) right away=at once (立刻、马上) (9) except=but(除.之外) (10) prefe
9、r A to B =like A more /better than B (相对B来说,更喜欢A) (11) Hands up=put up ones hands=lift ones hands (举手)(12) return=go back(回去) return=come back=get back (回来) return=give back(归还) (13) past=through(过、通过) (14) help sb with sth=help sb(to) do sth (帮助某人做某事)(15) while=when(当.) (16) several=a few=some (数个、
10、若干) anywhere=in any place(任何地方)(17) everywhere=here and there(到处) arrive(inat)=reach=get(to)(到达)(18) no hurry=take your time(不急、慢慢来) order=turn(顺序)(19) over=more than(超过、多于) shop=store(商店)(20) rush=run very quickly(冲、奔跑) shop=workshop(车间)(21) center=middle(中心) join=be in=Take part in(参加)(22) take a
11、look= have a look(看一看) as soon as possible=as soon as sb can(尽快)(23) hate=dislike(不喜欢、讨厌)(24) learn sth by oneself=teach oneself sth(自学.)(25) fail=not pass(不及格、失败)(26) give sb a call=give sb a ring=call sb=ring sb up =telephone sb(打电话给某人)(27) look after=take care of(照顾)(28) fly to=go to by air=go to
12、by plane(乘飞机去。)(29) in a minute=in a moment=very soon(一会儿、马上)(30) almost=nearly(几乎)(31) just then=just at that time(正在那时)(32) no one=none(没有一人)(33) hear from=receive a letter fromget a letter from=have a letter from.(收到.的来信)(34) also(用于句中)=too(肯定句末)=either(否定句末)(35) plant=grow(种植)(36) expensive=dear
13、=not cheap(昂贵的)(37) so far=up to now(直到现在)(38) billion=a thousand million(十亿)(39) century=a hundred years(世纪、百年)(40) a bit of+unc.=a little+unc. A bit+adj=a little+adj(41) call=name(命名、名叫)(42) maybe=perhaps(也许、可能)用于句首(43) never mind=It doesnt matter=Its not important(不要紧、没关系)(46) famous=well known著名
14、的 hear of=know=learn about听说(48) have classes=have lessons(49) have a good time=have a very nice time=enjoy oneself玩得开心(50) do ones best=try ones best尽某人的努力 start=begin(51) do well in=be good at在.做得好 not forget=remember(52) catch a bus=take a bus赶公共汽车 hope=wish(53) last night=yesterday evening table
15、=form表格(54) do sport=take exercise运动 photo=picture(55) tonight =this evening look around=look round四处看看(56) at last=in the end=finally最后、最终 (57) have to =must large=big(58) nobody=no one没有人 somebody=someone有人、某人(59) anybody=anyone任何人 everyone=everybody每个人(60) I think=Im afraid 恐怕. (61) No.1=number o
16、ne(62) thats all right=thats ok=You are welcome=not at all不必谢(63) walk to.=go toon foot步行到.(64) ride to.=go toby bike骑自行车到.(65) America=the USA (66) be from=come from (67) be over=end 结束(68) a lot=lots of=many(c.)=much(unc.)许多(69) whats wrong=whats the trouble=whats the matter?怎么了(70) just a moment=
17、just a minute=wait a minute等一会(71) take a look at=have a look at=look at看一看(72) take a rest=have a rest休息一下(73) the other day=a few days ago几天前 (74) ever=at any time(75) stop sb(from)doing sth.=prevent/keep sb from doing sth. 阻止某人干谋事(76) on both sides=on each side=on either side在每一旁(77)in three days
18、 time=in three days在三天内(78) short for=a short way of saying 简称为 .(79) beside=next to=near to在.旁边(80) can=be able to能够(81) what do you mean by this words=what does the world mean=Whats the meaning of this words?这个单词是什么意思?How do you like?=What do you think of?你认为/觉得.怎么样4.常见考点(1)肯定句变否定句:常考的考点:have 、do句
19、型例如:He has lunch at school. (改为否定句)He _ _ lunch at school.本句动词have 不表示“有”而是表示动作,应用doesnt have,不能用has not.(2)反义疑问句:常考的考点:带有否定副词的句子。(3)主动变被动常考的考点:一般现在时、一般过去时、以及含有情态动词的被动语态(4)同义句转换常考的考点:这里对于学生是难点,主要考考纲的近义短语、常考的初中句型。(5)对划线部分提问常考的考点:how long/soon/ far, how much/ many的区别和联系。(6)肯定句变感叹句常考的考点:近年来考的比较少了,how/w
20、hat 的修饰用法。(7)两个句子合并为一句,复句变为简单句常考的考点:结构状语从句,宾语从句的使用。注意改写句子的细节问题。【例题精讲】例1.(上海徐汇区一模)Millions of people visited the website to purchase things at the shopping gala.(改为被动句)The website _ _ by millions of people to purchase things at the shopping gala.【答案】was|visited例2.(上海黄浦一模)We must do something to stop
21、the case from getting even worse.(改为被动语态)Something must _ _ to stop the case from getting even worse.【答案】be|done例3.(上海徐汇区一模)Did Maggie fly to New York on her own? He wondered.(合并两句为一句)He wondered if Maggie _ _ to New York on her own.【答案】had|flown例4.(上海黄浦区一模)How does learning take place in our mind?
22、Scientists are not quite sure. (改为宾语从句)Scientists are not quite sure how _ _ place in our mind.【答案】learning|takes例5.He didnt tell me when we should meet tomorrow. (改为简单句)He did tell me_ _ meet tomorrow .【答案】when|to例6. (上海静安区一模)Emma walks her pet dog in the nearest park twice a week.(对划线部分提问)_ _ does
23、 Emma walk her pet dog in the nearest park?【答案】 How|often例7.(上海虹口区一模)The baby pandas weigh about 150 grams on average. (划线部分提问)_ _ do the baby pandas weigh on average?【答案】How| much例8.(上海静安区一模)This black iPhone 7 plus cost John more than 7,000 yuan.(改为一般疑问句)_ this black iphone 7 plus_ John more than
24、7,000 yuan.【答案】Did|cost例9.(上海虹口区一模)The Blacks set off for Hangzhou early yesterday morning.(改为一般疑问句)_ the Blacks_ off for Hangzhou early yesterday morning?【答案】Did|set例10.(上海徐汇区一模)My brother seldom put his toys in the right place.(改为反义疑问句)My brother seldom put his toys in the right place, _ _ ?【答案】di
25、d|he例11.(上海静安区一模)As it is said by Joyce, the link method is a basic way of improving our memory. (保持句意不变)_ _ Joyce, the link method is a basic way of improving our memory.【答案】 According|to例12.(上海徐汇区一模)The thief finally said that he stole the valuable necklace from the lady.(保持句意基本不变)The thief finall
26、y _ _ the valuable necklace from the lady.【答案】admited|stealing例13.(上海徐汇区一模)Michael borrowed 3 books from the school library last week.(保持句意基本不变)Michael _ _ 3 books from the school library for a week.【答案】has|kept例14.上海普陀区一模Its so pleasant to visit an old friend from time to time. (改为感叹句)_ _ it is to
27、visit an old friend from time to time!【答案】How | pleasant例15.Its really amazing to have pet dogs as our close friends in life!(改为感叹句)_ _ it is to have pet dogs as our close friends in life!【答案】How|amazing例16.(上海普陀区二模)my, often,during,I,with,go travelling,parents,holiday(连词成句)_【答案】I often go traveling
28、 with my parents during holidays【分析】略【课堂练习】1.The girl does her homework at the weekend.(改为否定句)The girl _ _ her homework at the weekend.【答案】doesnt|do2.(上海徐汇区一模)We can make cartoon faces come to life by giving them different expressions.(对划线部分提问)_ _ you make cartoon faces come to life?【答案】How|can3.(江苏
29、南通中考真题)Everything will be all right in a few days.(对划线部分提问)_ _ will everything be all right?【答案】How|soon【分析】【2015年江苏南通中考】4.(上海虹口区一模)The nurses took care of the patients in the hospital.(改为被动语态)The patients _ _ care of by the nurses in the hospital.【答案】were|taken5.“Will you visit Mr. Read next week?” Tom asked Mary.(改为宾语从句)Tom asked Mary_ she_ visit Mr. Read next week.【答案】whether|would6.The speaker spo
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