杨琼的论文.docx

杨琼的论文.docx

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杨琼的论文

CharacteristicsofChinaEnglishandIts

ApplicationinVocationalEnglishTeachingandLearning

Abstract:

ChinaEnglishisanEnglishvarietyusedbythenative-Chinesepeoplefor　thecommunicationunderthespecificlanguageenvironment.ChinaEnglishisquietdifferentfromChinglishwhichisdeformedEnglishphenomenonmisusedbyChinesepeople.Thispaper,onthebasisofacomprehensiveanalysisonthedifferencesbetweenChinaEnglishandChinglish,presentsanewdefinitionofChinaEnglish:

ChinaEnglish,withnormativeEnglishasitscore,isaEnglishvarietyusedbyChinesepeople.BecauseunavoidablyinfluencedbytheChineselanguage,ChinesecultureandthewayofChinesethinkingmode,ithaspossesseditsuniquelinguisticcharacteristicsatthelevelsofphonology,lexis,syntaxanddiscourse.Inthelast,theapplicationofChinaEnglishinvocationalEnglishlanguageteachinghasbeenpointedoutfromtextbookdesigning,teachinginclassanddistinguishingChinaEnglishandChinglish,whichprovestobehelpfulinEnglishpracticalteachingandlearning.

Keywords:

ChinaEnglish；Chinglish；Characteristics;Englishteachingandlearning

论中国英语的特点及在中职英语教学中的应用

摘要：

中国英语是以汉语为本族语的人们在其特定的语言环境下所使用的一种英语变体。

中国英语与中国式英语截然不同，后者指的是中国人错误使用的一种畸形英语现象。

本文在分析中国英语及中国式英语区别的基础上给出了中国英语的新定义:

中国英语，以规范英语为核心，是中国人使用的一种英语变体。

由于不可避免地受汉语的语言，文化及思维方式的影响，中国英语在音位、词汇、句法及语篇层面均表现出中国英语独有的特点。

本文在最后从教材改革、课堂教学、区别中国英语与中国式英语三个方面探讨了中国英语在中职英语教学中的运用，其在实践教学中有一定的意义。

关键词：

中国英语；中国式英语；特点；中职英语教学

Introduction

Inthelasthalfcentury,“popularenthusiasmforlearningEnglish”hasbeenincreasingcontinuously.“ItisestimatedthatthetotalnumberofthepersonsspeakingEnglishintheworldhadreachedtwobillionbytheendofthetwentiethcentury.”[1]TherapidinternationalizationofEnglishmustleadtoitswidennativization.Theextensivecontactwithotherlanguagesandculturesgivesrisetothevariationofthelanguage.Apartfromthe“standard”BritishEnglishandAmericanEnglish,thereareotherEnglishessuchasCanadianEnglish,AustralianEnglish,NewZealandEnglish,IndianEnglish,SouthAfricanEnglish,SingaporeEnglish,MaltaEnglish,ZambiaEnglish,HongkongEnglish,JapaneseEnglish,ChinaEnglish[2].VariouskindsofEnglishwithregionalcolorhavedevelopedconstantly,andareacceptedgradually,whichplayamoreandmoreimportantroleinnationalcommunication,externalandintenralaswell.　　　　　　　　　

ChinaEnglishinChinahasexperiencedanunusualhistory.UnliketheotherEnglishvarietieswhichcanconjureupimmediatenationalidentification,ChinaEnglishusedtobeconsideredakindofdegradingEnglish,abrutalviolationofthestandardEnglish.Greatefforthasbeenmadebytheteacherstoeliminateitfromthestudents’output.Itwasnotuntil1988that,equippedwithsociolinguistics,HuangJinqifirstappealedtoconfirmthepositiveaspectof“Chinese-coloredEnglish”.HisvoicewasimmediatelyechoedbySunLiwhoheldthatsomeresearchshouldbedoneonthe“EnglishinChina”.WangRongpeievenwentfarthertopointoutthatChinaEnglishisanobjectiverealityandwehavenoreasontodenyit.Healsodefineditas“theEnglishwhichisusedinChinaandbasedonthestandardEnglishbutcharacterizedwithChinesefeatures”.[3]LiWenzhongdistinguishedbetweenChinaEngilshandChinglishin1993andmaintainedthatChinaEnglishisastandardvariety,whileChinglishisa“deformedEnglish”,andthatweshouldbelenientindealingwithChinaEnglish.Soon,hewasfloodedwiththecontroversialviews.

ChinaEnglishisanEnglishvarietyusesbythenative-Chinesepeopleforcommunicationunderthespecificlanguageenvironment.Thispaper,onthebasisofthecomprehensiveanalysisonthedifferencesbetweenChinaEnglishandChinglish,triestogiveanewdefinitionofChinaEnglishanddescribeitscharacteristicsatthelevelsofphonology,lexis,snytaxanddiscourse.Atthesametime,theauthorpointsoutthatthestudyofChinaEnglishespeciallyitscharacteristicsisofgreatvaluetoEnglishteachingandlearninginChina.

Thepresentdissertationconsistsoffourchapters.

ChapterOne,ChinaEnglishareclarifiedincomparisonwithChinglish.

ChapterTwo,ImpactofChineseonChinaEnglish,exploringtheobjectivityandrealityofitsexistence,tellingtheimpactofChineseonChinaEnglishfromChineselanguage,cultureandthinkingmode.　

ChapterThree,CharacteristicsofChinaEnglish,describingitscharacteristicsatthelevelsofphonology,lexis,snytaxanddiscourse.

ChapterFour,ApplicationinEnglishteachingandlearning,tellingthepresentsituationofEnglishteachinginChina,theFunctionofChinaEnglishinEnglishteachingandlearningandpointedouttheapplicationofChinaEnglishfromtextbookdesigning,teachinginclassanddistinguishingChinaEnglishandChinglish.

1ChinaEnglishandChinglish

ChinaEnglishischosentorefertotheEnglishspokenbynativeChinese,andifreferstoaforeign-languagevarietyofEnglishusedbyChineseininterculturalcommunicationinaccordancewithnormativeEnglishespeciallyformeetingtheneedsofexpressingsomethingpeculiartoChina.ItisdifferentfromChinglish.

1.1DefinitionsofChinaEnglishandChinglish

ChinaEnglishisanEnglishvarietyusedbythenative-Chinesepeopleforthecommunicationunderthespecificlanguageenvironment.ChinaEnglishisquietdifferentfromChinglishwhichisdeformedEnglishphenomenonmisusedbyChinesepeople.“It’sneitherinterlanguagethatasecondlanguagelearnerformsinhislearningprocess,norcoinedungrammaticalEnglishincaseofdifficultexpression.”[4]Theterm“ChinaEnglish”wasfirstusedbyGeChuanguiinanarticalabouttranslation.Inaparagraphoflessthan600Chinesecharacters,Geassertedtheinevitableexistenceof“ChinaEnglish”.Hesaid,“EnglishisthelanguageoftheEnglishpeople,soallotherpeoplewhospeakEnglishshouldcertainlyfollowtheidiomaticwayoftheEnglishpeople;however,eachnationhasitsownpeculiarities,andsofarasournationisconcerned,therearesometypicalChinesethingstoexpressineitherwrittenorspokenEnglish”.[5]Helistedsuchexpressionsas“baihua”（白话）,“Hanlinyuan”（翰林院）,“ideologicalremoulding”（思想改造）.InGe’sopinion,ChinaEnglishexpressesthingstypicalofChinaandisunderstoodbyforeignersaftersomeexplanation,andmostimportantly,itisconstructedonthebasisoffollowingtheidiomaticwayoftheEnglishpeople.

Thispaper,presentsanewdefinitionofChinaEnglish:

ChinaEnglish,withnormativeEnglishasitscore,isaEnglishvarietyusedbyChinesepeople;ithastheChinesefeaturesunavoidablyinfluencedbyboththeChineselanguageandthewayofChinesethinking;itpossesseslinguisticcharacteristicsshownatthelevelsofphonology,lexis,syntaxanddiscourse.ItusedbyChineseininterculturalcommunicationinaccordancewithnormativeEnglishespeciallyformeetingtheneedsofexpressingsomethingpeculiartoChina.ThoughinfluencedorinterferedwithbyChinese,itisunderstandableandacceptabletonativespeakersofEnglish.WhenChinesescholarsspeak“people’scommune”（人民公社）and“fourmodernizations”（四个现代化）,theyarenotusingChinglishorChineseEnglishbutChinaEnglish,whichcanbestexpresswhatareuniqueinChineseculture.

Chinglish,orChineseEnglish,isadeformedEnglishphenomenonmisusedbyChinesepeople,anditobviouslyviolatesthegeneralEnglishrules,cultureandcustom;itscompositionandusescopeareunstableandlimited;besides,itdoesgreatharmtointernationalcommunicationandthespreadingofChinesecivilization.Therefore,ChinglishisnotacceptedbynativeEnglishspeakers.MostsentencesofChinglishareevenarrangedinChinesestructures.ThefollowingsentencesaregoodexamplesaboutChinglish:

（1）Mystomachishungry.我的肚子饿了。

（2）Myageisveryyoung.我的年龄很小。

　　（3）Hisbrainisclever.他的脑子很聪明。

AlltheEnglishversionsaboveareorganizedinChinesestructuresandarepubliclythoughtofasnon-normativeEnglish.

1.2RelationshipbetweenChinaEnglishandChinglish

ChinaEnglishandChinglishareinterrelatedinsomeaspects:

bothofthemaretoexpressChinesethingsandhaveChinesefeatures.Yetthereisanessentialdistinctionbetweenthem:

ChinaEnglishisnormativeEnglishandamemberoftheworldEnglishes;itscompositionandusescopearemuchricherandwiderthanChinglish.ChinaEnglish,withitsincreasingpublicitytotheworld,willexertagreatinfluenceontheEnglishlanguage.However,Chinglishisadeformedlanguagewiththeunstablecompositionandnarrowusescope;itcancausebarriersinChina’sinternationalcommunicationandculturespreading.SomeChinglishsentenceshaveenteredEnglish,forinstance,thesentence“Longtimenosee.”originallyisapidginEnglish.ButnowitisutteredbymanynativeEnglishspeakers.Nevertheless,suchcasesareveryrare.

Itshouldbenotedthatthereisagreatdealofpragmaticerrorsinthematerialspublicizedtooverseascountriesandareas.AccordingtothestatisticdatamadebyDuanLiancheng,bytheendof1990,therehadbeenover2000sortsofbookletstoforeigncountriesjustinShandongProvinceofChina.ThecorretuseofChinaEnglishisagoodsolutiontothedifficulttranslationproblem.Therefore,thescientificstudyofChinaEnglishisofgreatimportancetobothlinguistictheoriesandsocialreality.

2ImpactofChineseonChinaEnglish

ChinaEnglishhasexperiencedanunusualhistory.UnliketheotherEnglishvarietieswhichcanconjureupimmediatenationalidentification,ChinaEnglishusedtobeakindofdegradingEnglish,abrutalviolationofthestandardEnglish.

2.1ObjectiveexistenceoftheimpactofChineseonChinaEnglish

Theobject