完整word版深圳牛津八年级下unit1知识点归纳和练习.docx
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完整word版深圳牛津八年级下unit1知识点归纳和练习
八年级下册
Unit1Helpingthoseinneed
一、词汇
单词
词性及词义
词汇拓展
raise
v.筹募,增加,提高,饲养
近义词:
putup举起;提高
keep饲养
permission
n.准许,批准
近义词:
agreement
permitv.允许
disabled
adj.失去能力的,残疾的
abilityn.能力
ableadj.能
beabletodosth.能做某事
teenager
n.青少年
teenageadj.青少年的
offer
v.主动提出
bewillingtodosomething
offertodosth.主动提出做某事
offersthtosb=offersbsth
向某人提供某物
suffer
v.(因疾病等)受苦,受折磨
serious
adj.严重的
seriouslyadv.认真地,严重地
illness
n.(某种)病
illadj.不好的,有病的,恶意的
beill=besick生病的
lonely
adj.孤独的,寂寞的
friendship
n.友情,友谊
friendlyadj.友好的
befriendlytosb.对某人友好
friendlinessn.友善
friendn.朋友
makefriendswith和…交朋友
difficulty
n.困难,费劲
benotabletodosomethingeasily
difficultadj.困难的
havedifficultyindoingsth.
在做某事上有困难
joy
n.愉快,喜悦
afeelingofgreathappiness
toone’sjoy令人愉快的是
joyfuladj.快乐的
peace
n.平静,宁静
peacefuladj.和平的,宁静的
hurt
n.&v.受伤,受伤的
近义词:
injured
courage
n.勇气,勇敢
encouragev.鼓励
discouragev.阻止;使气馁
spirits
n.情绪,心境
spiritualadj.精神的,心灵的
pay
v.付费
pay…for=spend…on在…花费…..
payattentiontodoingsth.注意做某事
organize
v.组织
同根词:
organization
n.组织;机构;团体
express
v.表达;表露
同根词:
expression
n.表现,表示,表达;表情
二、词组
1.inneed
需要帮助的
2.voluntarywork
义务工作
3.askpermission
报请批准
4.sufferfrom
因…受苦
5.raiseone’sspirits
使振奋
cheerup
6.inorderto
目的在于
soasto
三、句型
1.WespenttimewithagirlcalledVivien我们和一个叫维维恩的女孩在一起。
此句中,spendtimewithsb意为“和某人一起度过”。
例如:
Someyoungpeopledon'twanttospendtimewiththeold.一些年轻人不想和老人在一起。
ImetagirlcalledCindy.
called被叫做=named名为
ThegirlcalledLucyisoneofthebeststudentsinourschool.那个被叫做Lucy的女孩是我们学校最好的学生之一
2.Iwentthereandtooksomephotosofit.
takephotos/picturesof表示“给……拍照”
takepictures/photos意为“拍照”
Theytookmanyphotosofthewinner.他们拍了许多获胜者的照片。
AlthoughIloveholidays,Ihatetotakephotos.尽管我喜欢度假,但我却讨厌照相。
3.Thishelpsthemexpresstheirfeelings.
helpsb(to)dosth.意为“帮助某人做某事”,help后做宾补的不定代词可以带to,也可以不带to,本结构与helpsb.withsth.意思相同。
拓展:
helponeselftosth.随便吃某物Helpyourselftothefish.
express及物动词,意为“表露,表达”Billisnotafraidtoexpresshisopinions.
拓展:
expression名词,意为“表达,表示;表情”
Herexpressionsuggestedanger.她露出愤怒的表情。
4.Theyhavedifficultywalkingormoving.他们走路或移动有困难。
此句中,havedifficulty(in)doingsth意为“做某事有困难”。
=havetrouble(in)doingsth
Ihavedifficultyfinishingmyhomework.我完成家庭作业有困难。
若后接名词:
则常用havedifficultywithsth的结构
5.Hehurthislegsinanaccident,buthehaslotsofcourage.他的腿在事故中受伤了,但是他很勇敢。
本句中,but为并列连词,意为“但是;然而”,连接两个句子,表示转折。
Iwanttobuythebeautifulbike,butIhavenomoney.我想买那辆漂亮的自行车,但是我没有钱。
hurtvt.=injure使疼痛;受伤
搭配:
hurtoneself受伤
Haveyouhurtyourself?
你伤着自己了吗?
6.WeneedtohelpchildrenlikeTimandraisetheirspirits.我们需要帮助像蒂姆那样的孩子,并使他们鼓起勇气。
本句中,like用作介词,意为“例如;像”。
Thingslikepaperandglasscanberecycled.像纸和玻璃这样的东西可以重复利用。
四、语法
动词不定式
动词不定式是一种非谓语动词,可以在句子中作主语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语等。
动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”,但to有时可以省略。
动词不定式在句子中不做谓语,所以没有人称、数和时态的变化。
一.动词不定式作宾语:
基本结构:
动词+动词不定式
动词不定式可以在agree,choose,decide,learn,plan,hope,promise,want,seem,would,like等后面做宾语。
如:
Iwanttoplaybasketball.我想玩篮球。
IagreetomeetSusanoutsidethecinema.我同意在电影院外跟苏珊见面。
▲有些动词后面可以跟“疑问词+动词不定式”这种结构,这些动词包advise,ask,decide,
discuss,forget,know,learn,remember,show,teach,tell等
如:
Weteachhimhowtowalk.我们教他走路。
Iforgotwhattodo.我忘记要做什么了。
二.动词不定式作宾语补足语:
基本结构:
动词+宾语(名词/代词)+动词不定式
动词不定式作宾语补足语时,有带to和省略to的两种情况。
常跟带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有advise,ask,tell,order,invite,allow,wish,get,want,encourage等。
如:
Myteacheroftenencouragesustostudyhard.我的老师经常鼓励我们要努力学习。
Tomaskedmenottosleepinclass.Tom叫我不要在课堂上睡觉。
常跟省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:
使役动词let,make,have等,感官动词see,feel,notice等。
如:
Youcanletthegirlgofirst.你可以让那个女孩子先走。
Isawhimopenthedoor.我看见他开门。
三.动词不定式表目的:
动词不定式还可以用来表示某一动作或状态的目的。
动词不定式也可以位于句首。
如:
Shewenttothedepartmentstoretobuyanewbook.她去百货商店是为了买本新书。
TolearnEnglishwell,youshouldspeakEnglishasmuchaspossible.想学好英语,应该尽可能多的说英语。
Unit1Helpingthoseinneed单元测试
姓名分数
I.词汇运用(每小题1分,共15分)
i.根据句意,选择与划线部分意思最接近的选项。
(每小题1分,共8分)
()1.WhenItoldhimthenews,heexpressedhissurprise.
A.knew
B.showed
C.impressed
()2.Keepingpetscangiveusmuchjoy.
A.sadness
B.sickness
C.happiness
()3.Youcan'tgooutatnightunlessyougetyourmother’spermission.
A.agreement
B.knowledge
C.message
()4.Don'tmakeanynoiseshere.Ineedpeace.
A.luck
B.fear
C.anger
()5.Hecamehomeearlyinordertoseehissonbeforehewenttobed.
A.sothat
B.inorderthat
C.soasto
()6.Amyexplainedthatshehadtoleaveatonce.
A.secretly
B.immediately
C.happily
()7.Idon’tknowwhyhedidn’tacceptthedoctor’ssuggestions.
A.replied
B.rejected
C.raised
()8.Afterhewashedthedishes,shecontinuedtosweepthefloor.
A.wenton
B.wentup
C.compared
ii.选择恰当的词汇或短语完成句子。
(每小题1分,共7分)
()9.A_________issomeonewhoisbetweenthirteenandnineteenyearsold.
A.boss
B.daughter
C.teenager
()10.To_______fromsomethingistobebadlyaffectedbyit.
A.stop
B.pay
C.suffer
()11.Everyoneneedsa_________.Thatis,theyneedfriends.
A.friendship
B.relationship
C.news
()12.A_________isaspokenorwrittenpieceofinformation.
A.message
B.gesture
C.language
()13.–Whydoyouoften_______himofhissuccess?
--Sothathedoesn’tlosehisconfidence.
A.remind
B.hear
C.advise
()14.–Iamgreatlyinterestedinthispainting.Somethinginit_______thepainter’sdeeplovefornature.
A.express
B.discusses
C.imagines
()15.---Whowill_________theactivity?
---Somevolunteers
A.express
B.accept
C.organize
.单项选择(每小题1分,共15分)
()16.Youmaytakeahorsetotheriver,butyoucan'tmakeit________.
A.todrink
B.drank
C.drink
()17.Youcanuseatool________afire.
A.make
B.making
C.tomake
()18.--Ialwaysfeel_______whenIamathome________.
---Ithinkyoushouldgoouttocommunicatewithmorepeople.
A.lonely;lonely
B.lonely;alone
C.alone:
lonely
()19.---Doyouhavedifficulty________theworkintwodays?
---Ofcoursenot.It'seasy________metodoit.
A.finishing;for
B.finishing;of
C.tofinish;for
()20.They______20,000yuanfortheHopeProjectlastyear.
A.rose
B.raise
C.raised
()21.Thereisn’tanydifferencebetweenthetwo.Ireallydon’tknow_________.
A.wheretochoose
B.whichtochoose
C.tochoosewhich
()22.Ratherthan_______onacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers_______abicycle.
A.ride;ride
B.riding;ride
C.ride;toride
()23.--Howfarisyourcousin'shomefromhere?
--It'sabouttwo__________ride.
A.hour's
B.hours
C.hours'
()24.--Doyouknowthemanwhoisstandingatthedoor?
--Yes,Ido.He'safriendof__________.
A.I
B.mine
C.me
()25.---IsyourfriendMichaelstillinAustralia?
---Idon'tknow.Ihave_______informationabouthimbecausewehaven'tseeneach
otherfor________years.
A.alittle;afew
B.little;afew
C.afew;alittle
()26.--HowdoesJackusuallygotowork?
--He________driveacar,butnowhe________theretoloseweight.
A.usedto;isusedtowalk
B.wasusedto;isusedtowalking
C.usedto;isusedtowalking
()27.---Let'splayfootballontheplayground.
---It'ssohotoutside.Iwouldrather________athomethan_______out.
A.stay;go
B.tostay;go
C.stay;togo
()28.--Areyou________ofthedark?
---Yes,soIalwaysgotosleepwithmybedroomlights________.
A.worry;on
B.afraid;on
C.worried;off
()29.Iturnedtobookshopsandlibrarieslookingforinformationandfound_______.
A.
none
B.both
C.neither
()30.–Jim’sataxidriver,____hereallywantstobeadoctor.
A.and
B.so
C.but
.完型填空(每小题1.5分,共15分)
Once,akingshowedtwomenalargebasket(篮子)inthegarden.Hetoldthemtofillitwithwaterfromawell(井).Afterthey31._______theirwork,heleftthem,saying,“Whenthesunisdown,Iwillcomeandseeyourwork.”
Atlast,oneofthemsaid,“What’stheuseofdoingthisfoolish(愚蠢的)work?
Wecan32.________fillthebasket.”Theothermananswered,“Thatis33.________ofyourbusiness.”Thefirstmansaid.“Youmaydoasyoulike,butI’mnotgoingtoworkatsomethingso34.______”He35._______hisbucketandwentaway.Theothermansaidnoword,andkeptoncarrying36.________.Finally,thewellwasalmost37.______.
Ashepoured(倒)thelastbucket(桶)ofwaterintothebasket,hesawabrightthinginit.Hepickedit38._______.Itwasabeautifulgoldring.Justthenthekingcame.39.________hesawthering,heknewthathehadfoundthekindofmanhewanted.Hetoldhimtokeeptheringforhimself.“You40._________sowellinthislittlething,”hesaid,“thatnowIknowIcanbelieveyouwithmanythings.”
31.A.finishedB.didC.began
32.A.everB.neverC.easily
33.A.noneB.noC.not
34.A.cleverB.foolishC.easy
35.A.pickedupB.putawayC.threwaway
36.A.waterB.basketC.well
37.A.fullB.emptyC.filled
38.A.upB.downC.of
39.A.WhileB.AssoonasC.Before
40.A.didB.willdoC.wasdo
.阅读理解(每小题1.5分,共30分)
A
Teachingisoneofthemostrewarding(有回报的)jobs.Itisalsooneofthemoststressful.Ifyouwanttobeateacher,youshouldhaveapassion(激情)foryoungpeople.Ifyouarethinkingaboutgoingintoteachingforanyotherreasonthanthis,youneedtofindanotherjob.
Teachingisdifficult.Studentscanbedifficult.Paren