高考阅读理解主旨大意题.docx
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高考阅读理解主旨大意题
阅读理解主旨大意题
一、题型介绍:
主旨大意题是高考阅读理解的主要题型之一,旨在考查考生对文章大意或者文章中心思想的把握和归纳能力。
此类题数量较大,在15个题中约占3-4个。
◆主旨大意题的分类
⑴从考查对象上划分,主旨大意题可分为两种:
①篇章主旨:
针对全文的主题进行提问。
主题句出现在首段的居多,其次是末段或为几段主题的综合;
②段落主旨:
针对某一段或几段的主题提问。
主题句可能是段落的首句、末句,也可能需要从上下文中寻找或总结。
⑵从考查内容上划分,主旨大意题可分为三种:
①主题类(内容),考查文章或段落的主旨大意;
②目的类,考查文章或段落的写作目的;
③标题类,要求考生选出文章的最佳标题。
◆设问特点:
1.考查全文主旨或段落大意。
2.正确选项概况范围大小恰当,主旨判断准确。
3.错误选项的特点常常是太大、太窄或者偏离主题,主观臆断。
4.常以mainidea,bestidea,subject,mainlydiscuss等词提问。
◆常考问题:
1).中心思想类
Themainpoint/ideaofthepassageis…
Thepassageismainlyabout…
Thepassagemainlydiscusses…
Thelastbutoneparagraphischieflyconcernedwith…?
Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?
2).标题类
Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?
Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe…
3).目的类
Theauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthepassageisto…
Thepassageismeantto….
Inwritingthispassage,theauthormainlyintendsto…
其他常见考查形式:
Thetextismainlyabout____.
Themainidea/Thegeneralidea/Themainpurposeis______.
What’sthemainpointthewriteristryingtomakeinthelastparagraph?
Whatwouldbethebesttitle/headlineforthetext?
Thisarticlemainlytellsaboutthestoryof____.
Whatisthetopicofthetext?
Thesubjectdiscussedinthistextis____.
Whatdoesthesecondparagraphdiscuss?
Theparagraph(passage)dealswith_____.
Whatismainlydiscussedinthetext?
二、主旨大意题解题方法与步骤:
略读法是理解全文大意的快速而有效的方法,略读的关键是能抓住文章要点的前提下,以个人最快的速度阅读,主要目的是尽快获得足够的信息以便准确的回答问题,利用略读法去做阅读时,要特别注意首尾两段,要学会寻找文章段落的主题句,这是高效省事地抓住段落要点的捷径,同时也是准确理解文章大意的有效途径。
在做题时要注意以下步骤:
1.先看问题,看是否有和主旨相关的题目,了解题目类别和提问方式。
2.再看文章首尾和各段开头,找出主题句或通过浏览全文,抓住关键字眼,把握主旨。
3.以掌握主旨为前提,处理推断作者语气或意图等其他深层次问题。
三、考题探究:
Ateacheraskshisstudentstowriteabouttheirdreams. Oneboywritessevenpages. Hewantshisownfarmandalargehouseonit.
Buthisteachertellshim,"Youaredaydreaming.Doitagain."
Severaldayslatertheboyhandsinthesamearticle."Idon'twanttogiveupmydreamevenifyoufailme."
Yearslater,hemakeshisdreamcometrue.Oneday,thesameteachertakessomestudentstotheboy'sfarmforcamping. Seeingthebigfarm,theteacherfeelssorry:
"Ioncetoldyounottodaydream.Luckily,younevergaveup."
1. Theteacheraskshisstudentsto_____.
A. dream
B. writeaboutdreams
C. tellstoriesaboutdreams
2. Thesecondtime,theboyhandsinthesamearticlebecausehe_____.
A. wantstomakehisteacherangry
B. doesn'tknowhowtowrite
C. won'tgiveuphisdreams
3. Aftermanyyears,theboy_____.
A. isstilldaydreaming
B. ownsabigfarm
C. loseshislife
4. Wecantellfromthestorythat_____.
A. dreamingisnotgood
B. yourdreammaycometrueifyoudon'tgiveup
C. daydreamingcanmakeyourich
英语阅读理解答案解析:
从首句Ateacheraskshisstudentstowriteabouttheirdreams看出老师是要求学生写下他们的梦,选()。
从"Idon'twanttogiveupmydreamevenifyoufailme."看出男孩不想放弃他的梦想,选()。
从thesameteachertakessomestudentstotheboy'sfarmforcamping看出男孩最后实现了他的梦想,选()。
从文中可知整篇文章的主旨大意是只要你不放弃,你的梦想就有实现的一天。
选()。
该篇故事类英语阅读理解讲述了老师让学生们写下自己的梦想,男孩写的农场主被老师认为是异想天开,但男孩坚持自己的梦想,不放弃,若干年后老师带领学生去农场参观,遇到了那个曾经的小男孩,他真的实现了自己的梦想。
该篇英语阅读理解的最后一题就是主旨大意题。
专项练习:
A
作者刚领到一个月的工资,盘算用这笔钱买点什么,后来他将这笔钱送给了一位急于为女儿治病的老人。
Itwasaweekend.Itwasaperfectdaytoenjoyafterreceivingamonth’spay.AssoonasIwokeup,Ilookedthroughabuyandsellmagazine.Iwantedtobuysomanythings.PerhapsthistimeI’dgetanewaddtomyroomorsomethingnewIhadhopedforuponseeingitonTV.
Though,Iwasn’tsurewhatIreallywantedwhenthedoorbellsuddenlyrang.Ihurrieddowntoopenit.Ithoughtitmustbesomesalesmanwithgoodstooffer.Uponpullingthedoor,Iwassurprisedtoseeanoldmanindirtyclothes.Hesaid,“Goodday,sir.Ifyouwillkindlyhelpme...?
”Ibelieveditmustbesomefolkactingup.ButIcontinuedtolisten.“Pleasesir....Myyounggirl’ssickwithpneumonia(肺炎).Weneedtobringhertothehospitalfortreatment.Wedon’thaveanything.PerhapsIcouldmowyourlawn(割草坪)forsomemoney?
”
Ireasonedeverythingoutbeforegivingahelp.Ibelievedeveryoneshouldworkhardertofindthewaytochangehisownlife.Butofcourseitwasn’tmycase.MyparentsmadesureIhadgotagoodcollegedegree.Ithoughtthatlifewasjustunfairtothem.ButIcouldhelpreducetheirunhappinessifIcouldsharesomeblessingandifeveryoneelsewoulddothesame.
Withoutfurtherreasoningout,andnotlettingmymindcontrolmyheartfurther,Idashedupstairstogetmywalletandpicksomebillstogivethisman.Iwasn’tinthemoodanywaytobuysomethingIdidn’tneedandthatwillsatisfymeforjustthemoment.
1.Thatmorningontheweekendthewriterwas_________.
A.readingamagazinewithfun
B.watchingTVfors