高考英语强调句讲解及考试.docx
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高考英语强调句讲解及考试
强调句专题
强调句型的基本结构是：
Itis/was+被强调部分（主语、宾语、宾语补足语或状语等）+that/who+句子的其余部分。
一、连接词。
一般说来，如果被强调部分是人时，用连词that或who；被强调的部分是宾语，指人时也可以用whom；如果被强调部分是物，只能用连词that。
ItwasJohnandMikewho/thatsawMaryinthestreetlastnight.
ItisMarywhom/whoheoftenhelps.
ItwasinthestreetthatImethimyesterday.
二、时态。
如果原句中谓语动词使用的是现在范畴的时态（一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成/现在完成进行时、一般将来时、将来进行时、将来完成时等），用Itis...that...。
如果原句中谓语动词为过去范畴的时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等），则用Itwas...that...。
如：
Marymetanoldbeggarinthestreetyesterday.
ItwasMarywho/thatmetanoldbeggarinthestreetyesterday.（强调主语）
Itwasanoldbeggarwhom/thatMarymetinthestreetyesterday.（强调宾语）
ItwasyesterdaythatMarymetanoldbeggarinthestreet.（强调时间状语）
ItwasinthestreetthatMarymetanoldbeggaryesterday.（强调地点状语）
有时，be前可使用表示推测的情态动词。
如：
ItmustbePeterwhohasletthissecretout.一定是彼得将这个秘密泄露出去的。
Itmightbelastnightthattheydidtheirhomework.他们也许是昨晚做完作业的。
三、强调含有notuntil的句子。
在强调notuntil句型时，not位于until从句前，主句谓语动词作相应变化，即itis（was）+notuntil从句+that+其它。
Itwasnotuntilhehadfinishedtheworkthathewenthome.
Itwasnotuntil12o’clocklastnightthatmybrothercamehome.
四、强调句的疑问句。
强调结构的疑问形式：
强调一般疑问句中的某一成分时，要在主句中用一般疑问句的顺序。
例如：
Wasityouthat/whobrokethewindow?
Wasitinthewarthathelosthisson?
强调特殊疑问句中的疑问词，其结构模式是：
“疑问词+is/was+it+that...”。
它同感叹句的强调模式极其相似，首先将疑问句开头的部分作为强调部分，套入强调结构，然后再将其变为疑问句。
例如：
1.Wherewereyouborn?
→Wherewasitthatyouwereborn?
2.Whatdidyouwanttosee?
→Whatwasitthatyouwantedtosee?
3.Howmanypeoplearebeingtrainedforthespecialwork?
→Howmanypeopleisitthatarebeingtrainedforthespecialwork?
。
五、强调句型中的主谓一致。
被强调的成分为原句的主语时，that/who之后的谓语动词应与被强调的名词或代词在人称和数方面保持一致关系，从而选用恰当的动词形式。
例如：
Itisyouwho/thatarewrong.
ItisIwho/thatamansweringthequestion.
但是如果被强调的部分是人称代词，按理应用人称代词主格形式，但在口语或非正式文体中也可以用其宾格形式，此时that/who的谓语动词要用单数第三人称形式is或was。
例如：
Itismewhoisbeingaskedthefavor.
另在Itis/was...,not...that...句型中，其谓语动词应与肯定部分的词保持一致关系。
例如：
Itismybrother,notIthatstudiesinthatschool.
Itisyou,notyoursisterthatareinchargeofthecompany.
六、感叹句的强调结构，既要体现强调句型的形式特征，又要体现感叹句的自然语序。
例如：
1.Howhappyhelooks!
→Howhappyitisthathelooks!
2.Whatacleverboyheis!
→Whatacleverboyitisthatheis!
七、强调句型的鉴别方法及相似句型的辨析
强调句型极易与定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句等相关句型混淆，判断的方法是：
强调句型中去掉Itis/was…that剩下的部分在语法和意义上仍然是一个完整的句子。
如：
ItwasyesterdaythatImethim.去掉句中的Itwas…that该句为：
YesterdayImethim.句意和语法都非常正确，说明这是一个强调句。
而其他句型则不行。
[典例展示]
1.Itistheabilitytodothejob________mattersnotwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouare.（2000全国卷）
A.oneB.that C.whatD.it
2.Davidsaidthatitwasbecauseofhisstronginterestinliterature_______hechosethecourse.（2006上海春季）
A.thatB.whatC.whyD.how
3.Itisthesepoisonousproducts_______cancausethesymptomsoftheflu,suchasheadacheandachingmuscles.（2003上海卷）
A.whoB.thatC.howD.what
4.Why!
Ihavenothingtoconfess._______youwantmetosay?
（2004上海卷）
A.WhatisitthatB.WhatitisthatC.HowisitthatD.Howitisthat
5.Itwaswithgreatjoy_______hereceivedthenewsthathislostdaughterhadbeenfound.（2004福建卷）
AbecauseBwhichCsinceDthat
6.Anawfulaccident_______,however,occurtheotherday.（2000上海卷）
A.doesB.didC.hastoD.hadto
7.Itwasnotuntilshegothome_______Jenniferrealizedshehadlostherkeys.（2006全国II卷）
A.whenB.thatC.whereD.before
8.Itwas_______blackhomeaftertheexperiment.（2004湖北卷）
A.notuntilmidnightdidhegoB.untilmidnightthathedidn’tgo
C.notuntilmidnightthathewentD.untilmidnightwhenhedidn’tgo
9.—________thathemanagedtogettheinformation?
—Oh,afriendofhishelpedhim.（2005山东卷）
A.WherewasitB.WhatwasitC.HowwasitD.Whywasit
10.1）Itwas20yearsago________thetwofriendsmetinVietNam.
2）Itwillbe20years________theymeetinVietNam.
3）Itis20years________hecametolivehere.
4）Itwas20years________hespentinwritingthisnovel.
5）Itwasnotlong________thepeopleinAustriatookupguns.
6）Itwasmidnight_______hecamebackhome.
A.whenB.beforeC.sinceD.That
练习一：
1.—Whoaremakingsomuchnoiseinthegarden?
A.ItisB.TheyareC.ThatisD.Thereare
2.Itis_______heoftenfailsinexams______makeshisparentsworriedabouthim.
A.what;thatB.that;whatC.that;thatD./;that
3.Itistheprotectionforthetrees_______reallymatters,ratherthanhowmanytreesareplanted.
A.whatB.thatC.不填D.which
4.Itis_____myfatherworked_____Iworknow.
A.where,thatB.where,whenC.that,whereD.that,that
5.Was_____thatIsawlastnightattheconcert?
A.ityouB.notyouC.youD.thatyou
6.Itwasteno’clock_____hecamebackhome.
A.whenB.thatC.sinceD.after
7.Itwasnotuntilhecameback_____heknewthepolicewerelookingforhim.
A.whichB.sinceC.thatD.before
8.--Wherewas＿＿＿＿＿＿youpickedupthewallet﹖
--Justneartheschoolgate.
A.itB.itthatC.theplaceD.theplacethat
9.Imustfindoutwhy＿＿＿＿＿＿somanystudentsmadethesamemistake.
A.isitthatB.wasitwhichC.itiswhatD.itwasthat
10.Howmanyyearsisit＿＿＿＿＿＿yoursistercametoworkhere﹖
A.afterB.sinceC.beforeD.until
11.Isitinthefactory＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿youvisitedlastweek＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿thiskindofcarismade﹖
A.／thatB.wherewhenC.wherethatD.／when
12.＿＿＿＿It'salongtime＿＿＿＿＿＿＿Isawyoulast.
--Yesandwhatapitysinceitwillbealongtime＿＿＿＿＿＿weseeeachotheragain.
A.sincebeforeB.beforesinceC.untilafterD.afteruntil
13.Itwasbecauseofbadweather＿＿＿＿＿＿thefootballmatchhadtobeputoff.
A.soB.sothatC.whyD.that
14.Itwashisremarks＿＿＿＿＿leftmewonderingabouthisrealpurpose.
A.whichB.whatC.whereD.that
15.--Wasitin1969＿＿＿＿＿＿theAmericanastronautsucceeded＿＿＿＿＿＿landingonthemoon﹖
---Quiteright.
A.whenonB.thatonC.wheninD.thatin
16.Itwasnotuntil1920＿＿＿＿＿＿regularradiobroadcastsbegan.NMET95
A.whileB.whichC.thatD.since
17.＿＿＿＿＿＿isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.NMET95
A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It
18.＿＿＿＿＿wasin1979＿＿＿＿＿Igraduatedfromtheuniversity.NMET98上海
A.ThatthatB.ItthatC.ThatwhenD.Itwhen
19.Itwasforthisreason＿＿＿＿＿＿herunclemovedoutofNewYorkandsettleddowninasmallvillage.
A.whichB.whyC.thatD.how
20.Itistheprotectionforthetrees＿＿＿＿reallymattersratherthanhowmanytreesareplanted.
A.whatB.thatC.／D.which
14.--Wasthatthenewcomerwhowalkedby﹖＿＿＿＿＿.
A.ItmustbethatB.ItmusthavebeenC.HemustbeD.Thismusthavebeen
15.Ourclassroomisveryclean.Doyounowho＿＿cleanedit﹖
A.wasitthatB.itwasthatC.wasitwhoD.hewas
16.Nowthenchildren.It'shightimeyou＿＿＿＿＿＿anddressed.
A.washedB.shouldwashC.werewashedD.arewashed
17.＿＿＿＿＿thepeoplehavebecomethemasteroftheirowncountry＿＿＿＿＿＿＿sciencecanreallyservethepeople.
A.Itisonlythen；thatB.Itwasthat；when
C.Itisonlywhen；thatD.Itwaswhen；then
18.Itwas＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ImetMr.GreeninShanghai.
A.tenyearssinceB.manyyearsagothat
C.fiveyearsuntilD.Twomonthswhen
练习二：
1.____wasJanethatIsawinthelibrarythismorning.
A.ItB.HeC.SheD.That
2.whenwasityoucalledmeyesterday?
A.untilB.thatC.thenD.so
3.ItwasonOctober1st____newChinawasfounded.
A.whichB.whenC.asD.that
4.Wasitbecausehewasill____heaskedforleave?
A.andB.thatC.that’sD.so
5.Itisimaginationmakestheworldcolorful,fullofvigorandvitality.[2007上海春]
A．whereB．whatC．thatD．when
6.It_____wehadstayedtogetherforacoupleofweeks____Ifoundwehadalotincommon.[2007浙江卷]
A.wasuntil;whenB.wasuntil;that
C.wasn’tuntil;whenD.wasn’tuntil;that
7.Itisnotwhoisrightbutwhatisright______isofimportance.[2007重庆卷]
A.whichB.itC.thatD.this
8.Itwason12May,2008______theearthquakeofWenchuancounty,Sichuanprovimcehappened.
A.sinceB.whichC.thatD.when.
9.ItwasAliceandherhusbandwhosavedtheoldman,_______?
A.wasn’titB.wasitC.didn’ttheyD.didthey
10.Whenaskedtoexplain______madehislessonssoexciting,theteachekeptsilent.
A.whatitisthatB.thatwhatitisC.whatisitthatD.thatwhatisit
11.Whowasit______putsomanylargestonesontheroad?
A.thisB.that
C.heD.she
12.Whatasillymistakeitis______you’vemade!
A.itB.this
C.thatD.which
13.Itwasnotuntilmidnight______thenoiseofthestreetstopped.
A.thatB.this
C.sinceD.atwhich
14.Was______thatImetattherailwaystationtheotherday?
A.ityouB.notyou
C.youD.thatyou
15.Itwaswhenshewasabouttogotobed______thetelephonerang.
A.sinceB.as
C.thatD.then
16.ItmayhavebeenatChristmas______JohngaveMaryahandbag.
A.beforeB.who
C.thatD.when
17.Whywas______thattheoldwomanwassenttoprison?
A.heB.it
C.thatD.because
18.Itwashisnervousnessintheinterview______probablylosthimthejob.
A.whichB.since
C.thatD.what
19.Itwastheboy______hadbeeninprison______stolethemoney.
A.who,whereB.that,how
C.who,thatD.that,which
20.ItmightbeI,who______causedtheaccident,who______toanswerforit.
A.has,isB.have,are
C.has,amD.have,am
21.Itwas_____Ireachedthere_____Ibegantoknowsomethingaboutthematter.
A.until,whenB.until,that
C.notuntil,thatD.notwhen,that
22.Itwas_____myfatherworked_____Iworknow.
A.where,thatB.where,when
C.that,whereD.that,that
23.Itwasnotuntilhecameback_
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