济南大学计算机专业英语第一章答案.docx

济南大学计算机专业英语第一章答案.docx

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济南大学计算机专业英语第一章答案

HomeworkofChapterOne

1.Chapter1MultipleChoice

Selectthebestanswerforeachquestionbelow.Whenyouarefinished,checkyouranswersbyclickingthe'CheckAnswers'buttonatthebottomofthepage.

1.People,procedures,software,hardware,anddataarethefivepartsofa（n）

competencysystem

computersystem

informationsystem✔

softwaresystem

2.Proceduresaretypicallydocumentedinmanualswrittenby

computerspecialists✔

endusers

Microsoft

serviceproviders

3.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofconnectivity

data

harddisk

Internet✔

powercord

4.Windows7isanexampleofa（n）

applicationsoftware

browser

operatingsystem✔

shareware

5.Themostpowerfultypeofcomputer.

mainframecomputers

microcomputers

minicomputers

supercomputers✔

6.Thesystemcomponentthatcontrolsandmanipulatesdatainordertoproduceinformationiscalledthe

keyboard

microprocessor✔

monitor

mouse

7.Thesedevicestranslatedataandprogramsthathumanscanunderstandintoaformthatthecomputercanprocess.

display

input✔

output

pointer

8.ADVDisanexampleofa（n）

harddisk

opticaldisc✔

outputdevice

solid-statestoragedevice

9.Thistypeoffileiscreatedbywordprocessors.

worksheet

document✔

database

presentation

10.Manyexpertsarepredictingthatthisrevolutionisexpectedtodramaticallyaffectthewaywecommunicateandusecomputertechnology.

graphics

input

memory

wireless✔

2.Chapter1Matching

Matchthedefinitionswiththetermsintheboxtotherightbyenteringtheletterforeachtermnexttoitscorrectdefinitionbelow.

1. eGuidelinespeoplefollowwhenusingsoftware.

2. fConsistsofthestep-by-stepinstructionsthattellthecomputerhowtodoitswork.

3. iSoftwarethatenablestheapplicationsoftwaretointeractwiththecomputerhardware.

4. hThemostpowerfultypeofcomputer.

5. aTheleastpowerfulandmostwidelyusedtypeofcomputer.

6. cTranslatestheprocessedinformationfromthecomputerintoaformthathumanscanunderstand.

7. gHoldsdataandprogramsevenafterelectricalpowertothesystemhasbeenturnedoff.

a.microcomputer

b.opticaldiscs

c.outputdevice

d.PDA

e.procedures

f.program

g.secondarystorage

h.supercomputer

i.systemsoftware

j.theInternet

8. bUseslasertechnology.

9. dAtypeofhandheldcomputer.

10. jThelargestnetworkintheworld.

3.Chapter1Open-EndedQuestions

⑴.Explainthefivepartsofaninformationsystem.Whatpartdopeopleplayinthissystem

Aninformationsystemtypicallyconsistsof:

people,procedures,software,hardware,data,andconnectivity.Informationsystemsareusedbypeopleinordertoincreaseproductivity.Proceduresarerulesorguidelinesforpeopletofollowwhenusingsoftware,hardware,anddata.Softwareisaprogramthatcontainsthestep-by-stepinstructionsthattellthecomputerhowtodoitswork.Hardwareconsistsofthephysicalequipmentthatprocessesthedatatocreateinformation.Dataconsistsofrawunprocessedfacts,includingtext,numbers,images,andsounds.Almostalloftoday'scomputersystemsaddanadditionalparttotheinformationsystem.Thispart,calledconnectivity,typicallyusestheInternetandallowsuserstogreatlyexpandthecapabilityandusefulnessoftheirinformationsystems.

⑵.WhatissystemsoftwareWhatkindsofprogramsareincludedinsystemsoftware

Systemsoftwareis“background”softwarethatenablestheapplicationsoftwaretointeractwiththecomputer.Systemsoftwareconsistsoftheoperatingsystem,utilities,devicedrivers,andlanguagetranslators.Itworkswithapplicationsoftwaretohandlethemajorityoftechnicaldetails.

⑶.Defineandcomparebasicandspecializedapplicationsoftware.

-Describesomedifferenttypesofbasicapplications.

-Describesometypesofspecializedapplications.

Basicorgeneral-purposeapplicationsarewidelyusedinalargenumberofcareers.Oneofthesegeneral-purposeapplicationsisabrowsertonavigate,explore,andfindinformationontheInternet.Otherbasicapplicationsarewordprocessors,spreadsheets,databasemanagementsystems,andpresentationgraphics.

Specializedapplicationsareprogramsthatarenarrowlyfocusedonspecificdisciplinesandoccupations.Someofthebestknownaremultimedia,Webauthoring,graphics,virtualreality,andartificialintelligence.

⑷.Describethedifferenttypesofcomputers.

-Whatisthemostcommontype

-Whatarethetypesofmicrocomputers

Therearefourtypesofcomputers:

supercomputers,mainframecomputers,midrangeandmicrocomputers.

Microcomputersaretheleastpowerful,yetthemostwidelyusedtypeofcomputer.Therearefourtypesofmicrocomputers:

desktopcomputers,notebooks,tablets,andhandheldcomputers.

⑸.WhatisconnectivityWhatarewirelessdevicesandthewirelessrevolutionWhatisacomputernetworkWhataretheInternetandtheWebWhatiscloudcomputing

Connectivityisthecapabilityofthemicrocomputertouseinformationfromtheworldbeyondone’sdesk.Dataandinformationcanbesentovertelephoneorcablelinesandthroughtheairsothatcomputerscantalktoeachotherandshareinformation.

Wirelessdevicesarewirelessmouse,wirelessnetworkcardandwirelessmodemetc.Wirelessrevolutionisarevolutionthatisexpectedtodramaticallyaffectthewaywecommunicateandusecomputertechnology.

Computernetworkisacommunicationsystemconnectingtwoormorecomputersandtheirperipheraldevicestoexchangeinformationandshareresources.

Internetisahugecomputernetworkavailabletoeveryonewithamicrocomputerandameanstoconnecttoit.Itistheactualphysicalnetworkmadeupofwires,cables,andsatellitesasopposedtotheWeb,whichisthemultimediainterfacetoresourcesavailableontheInternet.

CloudcomputingisthatdataarestoredataserverontheInternetandavailableanywheretheInternetcanbeaccessed.

4.Chapter1True/FalseQuestions

1. Thepartsofaninformationsystemare:

people,procedures,software,hardware,data,andconnectivity. 

True    False

2. Thepurposeofsoftwareistoconvertdataintoinformation. 

True    False

3. Softwareisanothernameforaprogramorprograms. 

True    False

4. Tobeacompetentcomputeruser,youmustunderstandtheessentialsofinformationtechnology（IT）. 

True    False

5. Applicationsoftwareis"background"softwarewhichhelpsthecomputermanageitsowninternalresources. 

True    False

6. Systemsoftwareisacollectionofprograms. 

True    False

7. AntivirussoftwareisaWindowsutilitythatisunnecessaryaslongasyouarecarefulbrowsingtheInternet. 

True    False

8. Systemsoftwaremightbedescribedasendusersoftware. 

True    False

9. Abrowserisanexampleofsystemsoftware. 

True    False

10. Anothernameforamidrangecomputerisserver. 

True    False

5.Chapter1FillintheBlankQuestions

1. Computer_competency_referstoacquiringcomputer-relatedskills. 

2.

 2. Inaninformationsystem,therulesorguidelinesforpeopletofollowarecalled_procedures_. 

3. _Hardware_isthecomponentoftheinformationsystemthatisdescribedastheequipmentthatprocessesdatatocreateinformation. 

 4. Thecomponentoftheinformationsystemthatisdescribedasraw,unprocessedfacts,includingtext,numbers,images,andsounds,iscalled_data_. 

5. _Systemsoftware_isacollectionofprogramsthathelpsthecomputermanageitsownresourcesandenablesapplicationsoftwaretointeractwithcomputerhardware. 

6. _Devicedrivers_areclassifiedundersystemsoftwareandarespecializedprogramsdesignedtoallowinputoroutputdevicestocommunicatewiththerestofthecomputersystem. 

7. Applicationsoftwarecanbecategorizedaseithergeneral-purposeapplications,specializedapplicationsor_mobile_applications. 

8. Thegeneral-purposeapplicationusedtonavigate,explore,andfindinformationontheInternetiscalleda_browser_. 

9. _Mainframe_computersarenotnearlyaspowerfulassupercomputers,butarecapableofgreatprocessingspeedsanddatastorage. 

10. Thefourtypesofmicrocomputersare:

_desktop_computers,notebooks,tablets,andhandheldcomputers.