呼啸山庄 论文.docx
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呼啸山庄论文
AnalysisImagesofHeathcliffaboutMoralandArts
inWutheringHeights
Name:
ZhaoYucongNo.:
20085061066
EnglishMajorSchoolofForeignLanguages
Supervisor:
ZhaoQinTitle:
Instuctor
Abstract:
WutheringHeightsdealsmainlywiththewholelifeofHeathcliff,agipsywaifofunknownparentage,pickedupbyMr.Earnshawinthestreetandbroughtupwithhischildren.HeathcliffistreatedwellbyEarnshaw,butwhentheoldmandies,theyoungmasterHindleyalwaysbulliesandinsultshim.Hindlydriveshimfromtheircompanytotheservantandinsiststhatheshouldlabouroutofdoor,compellinghimtodosashardasanyhandonthefarm.HeathclifffallspassionatelyinlovewithCatherine,Hindley’sister,wholoveshimbutthinksitwoulddegradehertomarryhim.HeathclifffindingitimpossibleforhimtobeunitedtoCatherine,escapesfromWutheringHeights.Threeyearslater,HeathcliffreturnstoWutherineHeightswithmoneyandthetrappingofagentleman.WhenhefindsCatherinehasbeenmarriedEdgarLinton,heseekshisrevenge.HeathcliffmarriesEdgar’syoungsisterIsabellaand,notlovingher,treatshercruelly.CatherinedieswithHeathcliff’sviolentloveaftergivingbirthtoEdgar’sdaughter,Cathy.InrevengeofHindley’scrueltreatmentofhimselfinhischildhood,Heathcliffturnedhimintodrunkardandgamblerandwonallhispossessions.Atthesametime,HeathcliffmakesHindley’sson,Hareton,underhiscontrolandtreatshimbrutally.ThenheforcesEdgar’sdaughterCathytomarryhisownsonLintoinordertoseizetheestateofEdgar.Afterthat,HeathclifflivespainfullyinlongingforCatherineeveryday.AfterHeathcliffdies,CathyandHareton,thetwoyounglovers,livesinThrushcrossGrangehappily.LateralittleboydeclareshehasseentheghostsoftheHeathcliffandCatherinewalkingonthemoor.
KeyWords:
Theoppressed;Oppressor;Catherine;love;revenge;WutheringHeights;ThrushcrossGrange;
摘要:
呼啸山庄主要讲述得是关于希次克里夫的故事,他是一个不知出身得吉普赛流浪儿,在街上被老恩萧先生收养并被抚养长大。
老恩萧先生对希次克里夫很好,但是这位老人死后,山庄的新主人亨德利总是欺辱希次克里夫。
亨德利将希次克里夫降为仆人并坚持他应该出门劳作,同时强迫他在农场里从事所有艰辛的手工工作。
希次克里夫深深地爱上了亨德利的妹妹凯瑟琳,凯瑟琳虽然爱希次克里夫,却认为嫁给他有失身份。
而希次克里夫发现他不可能和凯瑟琳在一起就从呼啸山庄逃走了。
三年后,希次克里夫成为了一个有钱又体面的绅士,并回到了呼啸山庄。
当他发现凯瑟琳已经嫁给了埃德加·林顿,他便开始报复他们。
希次克里夫娶了他不爱的人——埃德加的妹妹伊莎贝拉,并且经常虐待她。
凯瑟琳在女儿凯西出生后就带着对希次克里夫的烈爱死去了。
为了报复亨德利的虐待,希次克里夫将亨德利变成了酒鬼和赌鬼,并赢了他所有的财产。
而且希次克里夫压迫并虐待亨德利的儿子哈里顿,强迫埃德加的女儿凯西嫁给他的儿子小林顿,以获取埃德加的遗产。
成功之后,希次克里夫每天都痛苦地活在对凯瑟琳的思念中。
他死后,相爱的凯西和哈里顿幸福的生活在画眉山庄。
后来,有个男孩声称他曾经见到希次克里夫和凯瑟琳的鬼魂在旷野漫步。
关键字:
压迫者;被压迫者;爱;报复;呼啸山庄;画眉山庄
⒈Introduction:
EmilyBronte(1818—1848)wasaBritishnovelistandpoet.Intheopinionofmanycritics,EmilywasthemostgiftedofthethreeBrontesisters.
EmilywasbornintheheydayinVictorianera,notonlyineconomybutalsoinculture.DuringVictorianera,capitalismexposesitsinherentcontradictions,whichcausedalotofpeoplelifedown.BronteslivedinHaworth,aYorkshirevillageinthemidstofthemoors.Emilylivedaneccentric,closelyguardedlife.Sheworshipedeternalspiritofnatureratherthanhumanreligion.Sheunderstoodthesocietyinherownuniqueway.Shesufferedpovertyinphysical,lonelinessanddisappointmentinspiritual.Heremotionworldwasfullofextremesenseofdisappointmentexpressedthroughtherich,strongtragiclove.
Strongwill,independence,personalityandpassioncanbeseeninEmily.Shewasgiftedincreateandhasherownimagination.CharlotteBrontehadsaidhighinEmily,“Strongerthanaman,simplerthanachild,hernaturestoodalone.”Emilybelieveddeeplytheindissolublenatureinearthlylove,whichwasevidencedinWutheringHeights.Emily’stookpainstakingeffortstodescripttheimageofHeathclifftoexpressherindignation,sympathyandideal.
Wutheringheights,Emil'sonlynovel,isbestknownas"oneoftennovels"inUK.thenovelwasnotacceptedbutderogatedseverelyatbeginning.Untilthe20thcentury,peoplebegantofocusonhumanitytopicliterature,sograduallyrealizetheartoriginalityofthenovel.WutheringHeights,thegreatnovelofEmilyBronte,isanamalgamationofchildhoodfantasies,friendship,romance,andrevenge.Butthisstoryisnotasimplestoryofrevenge,ithasmoreprofoundimplications.AsArnoldKettle,anEnglishcritic,said,"WutheringHeightsisanexpressionintheimaginativetermsofartofthestressesandtensionsandconflicts,personalandspiritual,ofnineteenth-centurycapitalistsociety.”
⒉AnalysisMoralImageofHeathcliff
Heathcliffwascharacterizedinevil,cruel,selfishandsoon.Hehadsufferedfromloneliness,hopelessness,coldness,mockeryandscornsincehewasborn.
First,HeathcliffwaseviltoCatherine.Asweallknow,Heathcliffwasanorphan.HehadwornoutfacesbeforebroughtupbyMr.Earnshaw.Hewaspoorbothinmaterialandspirit.ItwasCatherine,anenthusiastic,lovelygirl,thatopenedhisheart.CatherinewasHeathcliff’sonlycompanywhenhewasachild,givinghimwarmthandhappiness.WhenHindleybulliedHeathcliff,Catherineprotectedhim.Theyfellinlovewitheachother.WhenHeathcliffwasdegradedfromEarnshaws’companytoaservant,hehadnothingevendignity.What’smore,Catherinehadbetrayedhimwhenshefacedthechoicebetweenthetrueloveandreputation.HerdecisiontomarryEdgarLintonhurtHeathcliffdeeplyandinvertedhisstrongloveintointensehatred.ThebitterhatredformedHeathcliffscrewypersonality:
brutality,mercilessnessandharshness.Threeyearslater,HeathcliffbecameadevilwithwealthandpowerandreturnedtoWutheringHeights.HewantedtorevengewhathehadreceivedfromLintonandCatherine’sbetrayfortheirlove.Theirbeing-togetherwasthebeginningofthetorment.HisappearanceandmarrytoIsabellamadeCatherine’slifeneverpeaceful,madehercollapsednotonlyinphysicalbutalsoinmind,justbecauseIsabellastilllovedhimdeeply.
Second,Heathcliffwassohurtthathecouldn’tforgiveHindlyandEdgar.Hewasevillydelightinrevengingandruiningwhathebitterlyhatedinmind.HeathcliffrackedhismindtoschemetheevilplantodestroyHindlyandEdgar’shappylife.Thisplanhadcontinuedalongtimeuntilthepeoplehebornrevengedied.HindleymockedatandabusedHeathcliffinhischildhood.HindleydegradedHeathcliff’svalueandmadehimpoor.Hindley’soppressionisoneofthereasonsformHeathcliff’srevenge.InpunishmentHindley’sill-treatment,HeathcliffcontrolledentirelyHindleyandhissonHareton.HeseducedHindleyintoadrunkardandgamblerandinthiswaytowinallhispossessions.SoHindley’ssonHareton,whoshouldbethemasterintheneighborhood,wasreducedtoinastateofcompletelydependedonhisfather’sinveterateenemyandlivedinhisownhouseasaservant,wasdeprivedofallpossessionsandtreatedbrutally.HeathclifftooktheveilsoffhisadversaryanddestroyedutterlyinHindley’slife,eveninnocentpeople’slife.
EdgarhadhighsocialpositionandwealthwhichHeathcliffhadneverenjoyedbefore.HeathcliffwasgloomytorunawayfromWutheringHeights.PerhapsinHeathcliff’sopinion,Edgarwastheobstacleofhislove.HehatedEdgar’srobbinghisloverandmadehislifefullofgreathystericpain.HeathcliffmarriedEdgar’syoungsisterIsabellaandbegantoschemetoownedtheirassets.Heathcliffhadeversaid,“Iforgivewhatyou(Catherine)havedonetome,Ilovemymurderer—butyours,howcanI”([1]),thehatewasfullfilledinhisheartbecauseofCatherine’sdeath.ThenheforcedEdgar’sdaughterCathytomarryhisowndyingsonsohecanownedtheThrushcrossGrangeoftheLintons.
Third,Heathcliffwascrueltohisownfamily.Hedidn’tlovehiswife,Isabella,evenhatedher,however,hecouldpretendlovingherandshoweddeceitfuldesirebeforetheygotmarriedjustbecausehewaseagertoseeCatherine’sbeingheart-brokenbyusingthemarriageofIsabella.Assoonastheygotmarried,Heathcliffexposedhisevilnature.HepromisedthatIsabellashouldbeEdgar’sproxyandshedeservedthiskindofsuffering.Becauseoftheirmarriage,Isabella’selderbrotherEdgardroppedintercommunicationbetweenthemsoIsabellalosthersupport.Atthattime,Isabellawasseriouslyill-treatedandhadnobodytotellherbitterness.HeathcliffdestroyedIsabellawholovedhiminfullheart.Asahusband,Heathcliffdidn’ttakeresponsibilitiesforherwife,evenwhenhiswifegavebirthtohisson,hedidn’tcareforthem.Hedidn’tcareabouthissonuntilhewantedtotakeuseofhimasatooltoproceedhisrevenge.
Heathclifffailedtobeafather.HecouldonlyfindLinton’sfaultsandshowedscornathim.HecontrolledandmadeuseofLinton’slovetoachievepersonalrevenge,notconsideringLinton’sintenseanguish.Healwaysthreatenedhissontolethiminfeelingoffearandobeyhisordersunconditionally.Heathcliffjustfeedhissonandnevergavewarmthtohisson.ForHeathcliff,familydidn’tmeanwarmthandkinshipbutasatooltorealizehisevilplan.Heathcliffwasaselfishmanwhocouldproceedhisowndesirebyanymeans.ToventhisresentmenttoEarnshawsandLintons,hetookuseofhiswifeandsondoubtlessly.Hisrevengedestroyedthetwofamilieseventheirafter-generration.Heathcliffmadehiswholelifetoproceedtheavengeonthosepeoplewhohethoughtdestroyedhialife.Forallthepeople,itwasHeathcliffthatdestroyedtheirlifeinreturn.Hiscrazyrevengedestroyedeveryone,includinghimself.Fromtheprocessofrevenge,Heathcliff,fromtheoppressedbecameintooppressor.Buthedidn’tgethappinessthoughhedestroyedallpeople’slife.ItwasthelovehebornforCatherine.Onecouldnotbehappytoheartthepeoplehedeeplyloved;theprocesstoheartthebetrayalloverisalsoaprocesstohearthimself.
⒊AnalysisthefactorsthatbuildupHeathcliff’sevil
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