人教版初二上英语知识点单元最新整理.docx

人教版初二上英语知识点单元最新整理.docx

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人教版初二上英语知识点单元最新整理

初二英语上册

Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?

1.anywhereadv.否/疑问/条件状从

somewhereadv.肯形容词放其后

Eg.Youcangoanywhereinterestingyouwant.

-DidyougoBlastsummerholiday?

-Yes.IwenttoShanghaiDisney.

A.somewherespecialB.anywherespecialC.specialsomewhereD.specialanywhere

2.形容词修饰不定代词

everywhere肯“到处”nowhere不在任何地方-----反anywhere任何地方

some-，any-,every-,no-,加–one,-body,-thing

anything复合不定代词否/疑，if/whether之后形容词放其后

something肯

e.g.Doyouhaveanythingtosay?

LastnightIsawsomeonestrangelyingonthegroundnearmyhome.

Ifyouhaveanythingimportanttotellme,pleasecallme.

-Tom,pleasecomehere.IhaveCtotellyou.

-Ok.I’mcoming.

A.anythingimportantB.importantsomethingC.somethingimportantD.importantanything

3.Howdoyoulike…?

你觉得…怎么样

=Whatdoyouthinkof…?

=Howdoyoufeelabout…?

Eg.Howdoyoulikeyournewjob?

=Whatdoyouthinkofyournewjob?

=Howdoyoufeelaboutyournewjob?

4.bored人感受-ed

boring物事物的特征-ing

e.g.Sheisboredwithherjob.Thelecturewasdeadlyboring.

DoyoufindyourselfgettingimpatientorAwithpeopleover由于unimportantthings?

A.boredB.boringC.tiringD.tired5.becauseof+n.短语，代词等

Because+句子

e.g.Andbecauseofthebadweather,wecouldn’tseeanythingbelow.Andwecouldn’tseeanythingbelowbecausetheweatherwasbad.6.enough

adj.Ihaveenoughmoneytobuyanewbook.adv.Heisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.

adj.+enough+todosth.足够…做…

Sheisold_enough

_to

makeherowndecision.

7.一般过去时过去发生的动作或状态

（1）肯：

主语+was/were/V-p+其他Wewerepupilstwoyearsago.Iwenttothezoolastweek.

（2）否：

主语+was/were+not;主语+didn’t+V原+其他

Hewasn’therejustnow.

Hedidn’tgotoschoollastFriday.

（3）一般疑问句：

Was/Were+主语+其他？

Did+主语+V原+其他？

Youwereathomethismorning.

Wereyouathomethismorning?

YourbrotherplayedcomputergameslastSunday.

DidyoubrotherplaycomputergameslastSunday?

Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?

1.不得不；必须

haveto客观需要must主观愿望、看法

Wehadtowalktoschoolyesterday.It’stoolate,Ihavetogonow.

Youmustfinishtheworkbefore.

Wehavetofinishtheworkbeforelunch.

2.wanttodosth.想要做sth.Iwanttogoshopping.

wantsb.todosth.想要sb.做sth.V+宾+宾补Shewantedmetoreaditagain.

类似的动词：

ask,teach,tell,wish,invite,order…

3.begood+介词

begoodto对…很好Sheisgoodtoeveryone.

begoodfor对…有益/有好处Eatingvegetablesisgoodforyourhealth.begoodat擅长HeisgoodatspeakingEnglish.

begoodwith与…相处得好Heisverygoodwiththechildren.doharmto=bebadfor=beharmfulto对…有害

Nowadays,almosteveryoneknowsairpollutionisharmfultopeople’shealth.Itnotonlydisturbsothers,butalsodoesharmtopeople’shearing.

4.it作形式主语动词不定式做真正的主语

Itis/was+adj.+todosth.做sth….（adj.）

Itiseveryone’sdutytoobeythelaw.

ItisdifficultforaforeignertolearnChinese.

Itis/was+adj.（forsb.）+todosth.对sb.来说做sth.是…的

adj.表事物的特征，如easy,hard,difficult,interesting,impossible…

e.g.It’sveryhardforhimtolearntwoforeignlanguages.

Itis/was+adj.ofsb.+todosth.sb.做sth.，真…（adj.）

adj.表人物的性格、品德，常表示主观感情或态度，如：

good,kind,nice,clever,foolish…

e.g.It’sveryniceofyoutohelpme.

5.频率副词

always总是；永远；始终100%usually通常；经常75%

often时常；常常50%sometimes有时20%

hardly几乎不5%never从不0%

6.howoften/soon/long/far

howoften“多久一次”频率

e.g.-Howoftendoyouvisityourmother?

-Onceaweek.

howsoon“多久之后”多久能完成对（从即时起）到将来某个时刻间的时间长短提问，回答通常为in+一段时间

e.g.–Howsoonwillhebeback？

-Inanhour.

howfar“多远”路程

e.g.-Howfarisitfromheretothezoo?

-It’s6kilometers.

howlong“时间多久；物体多长”一段时间/长度一般对过去发生的时间提问

e.g.–Howlongdidhestayhere?

-Abouttwoweeks.

对物体长度提问

e.g.-Howlongistheboard?

-Aboutonemeter.

7.through,across介词穿过

through内部/中间如人群中，阳光中，物体中间等等；可用于抽象

e.g.Thesunlightcomesthroughtheglass.

Idon'tknowhowtheygetthroughthesecoldwinters.

across表面goacross与cross（v./n.）同义across是介词，有“横跨，横穿，穿越”

之意。

e.g.Goacross（Cross）theroad,andyouwillfindthepostofficeonyour

right.

北

TheGreatGreenWallisacrossthenorthwestofChina.绿色长城横跨中国西

Unit3I’mmoreoutgoingthanmysister

1.Both

做主语常与介词of连用，构成both…of…

e.g.Bothofuslikewatchingthetalentshow.

both…and…“两者都”链接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数

e.g.BothmyfatherandmymotherareEnglishteachers.

Practice:

-Pleaseturndownthemusic.CDadMomaresleeping.

-Sorry,I’lldoitrightaway.

A.Neither;norB.Either;orC.Both;andD.Notonly;butalso

2.★反意疑问句的用法规则：

“前肯后方，前否后肯”陈述部分+反义部分希望证实所叙述的内容

两种结构：

①肯定陈述+否定疑问

e.g.Thestudentsenjoyplayingfootball,don’tthey?

②否定陈述+肯定反意疑问

e.g.Youdidn’tgo,didyou?

情态动词/be/have（has）done/do

IcanspeakEnglish,_can’tI?

Ican’tspeakJapanese,_canI?

Shehasn’tbeentoJapan,_hasshe?

Ididn’tgotoschool,_didI?

Practice:

Hehasfewfriendsinhisnewschool,B?

A.hasn’theB.doesheC.isheD.doesn’theSheisanurse,_isn’tshe?

Shehaseatendinner,_hasn’tshe?

Ihaveahouse,_don’t_I?

Ihaveboughtacar,_haven’tI?

Ihaveacold,don’t_I_?

Shelikesme,doesn’t_she?

Heplayedcards,_didn’the?

如何回答，根据事实回答yes/no,是否符合陈述部分

“前否后肯”的回答yes或no与汉语正好相反。

这种省略回答的yes要译成“不”，no

要译成“是”。

Theyworkhard,don’tthey?

他们努力工作，不是吗？

Yes,theydo.对,他们工作努力。

/No,theydon't.不，他们工作不努力。

Theydon’tworkhard,dothey?

他们不太努力工作，是吗？

Yes,theydo.不，他们工作努力。

/No,theydon't.是的，他们工作不努力。

以Let’s开头的祈使句，附加问句用shallwe；以Letus开头的，则用willyou

e.g.Let’sgohome，shallwe？

咱们回家吧，好吗？

Letusgohome，willyou？

让我们回家吧，好吗？

2.★let’s和letuslet’s中us包括对方

e.g.Let’stryagain.咱们再试一下吧Letus不包括对方

e.g.Letusknowthetimeofyourarrival.告诉我们你到达的时间practice:

Mom,let’sgoshopping.妈妈，我们一起去购物吧

Mom,letusgoshopping.妈妈，请允许我们去购物

3.as…as…的用法“像……一样……”用于同级比较

①“as+形容词/副词的原级+as…”表示两者在某一方面相同或相等

e.g.MaryworksascarefullyasLinda.

②“notas/so…as…”不像…一样…

e.g.Springisn’tas/socoldaswinter.

③“asmuch/many+U/N+as…”可用于表示数量

e.g.Ihaven’tgotasmuchmoneyasIthought.我不像原来想象的有那么多钱。

Practice:

MyfatherthinkwritingisasAasreading.

A.InterestingB.interestedC.moreinterestingD.moreinterested

4.havefun的用法“玩得高兴，过得快乐”havefun（in）doingsth.做sth.有乐趣haveagoodtimeenjoyoneself

e.g.Wehavefun（in）readingEnglishnovels.Practice:

-DidyouhaveAgoodtimeyesterday?

-Yeah,Ireallyhadfunattheparty.

A.a;/B.a;theC./;theD.the;a

5.make

makesb.dosth.让/使sb.做sth.

e.g.Hiswordsmadeusfeelsoexcited.

Thebossmadetheworkersworkdayandnight.

★see,watch,lookat三看

hear,listento两听

feel一感以及let,have,make三个使役动词后跟省略to的不定式做宾补

e.g.Didyouhearhimgoout?

Ioftenseehimplaybasketballintheplayground.

Practice:

Thechildiscrying.PleasedosomethingtomakehimB.

A.stoptocryB.stopcryingC.tostopcrying

6.aslongas“只要”条件状从

e.g.Youmaytakethisbookawayaslongasyoureturnitontime.

Practice:

-What’syouropiniononfriends?

你对于朋友的观点是什么

-Theyarelikebooks.Wedon’tneedalotofthemAtheyaregood.

A.aslongasB.assoonasC.sothatD.asif

7.thesameas和…一样

e.g.Youropinionisthesameasmine.

Practice:

It’snotnecessarytofindafriendwhoisthesameByou.

A.inB.asC.toD.from

8.besimilartosb./sth.与sb./sth.相似

e.g.Myproblemsaresimilartoyours.

Practice:

NanaisDtoherfatherinmanyways.Forexample,theyarebothtall.

A.differentB.kindC.friendlyD.similar

9.bedifferentfrom和…不同反义词thesameas

e.g.Myjobisdifferentfromhis.

Practice：

-Areyoudifferentyourfriend?

-No,wearesimilareachother.

A.from,toB.to,fromC.from,fromD.in,from

※differentadj.differencen.不同点importantadj.importancen.重要性

10.

变化规则

例词

单音节

和部分双音节词

一般在词尾加-er/-est

smaller,taller,higher

以不发音的e结尾加-r/-st

finer,nicer,later

★形容词、副词比较级、最高级比较级/最高级变化规则：

以辅音字母加y结尾，y

变i加-er/-est

easier,earlier,heavier,happier

重度闭音节词尾只有一

个辅音字母，双写加-er/-est

bigger,fatter,thinner,

多音节和部分双音节

词前加more/most

moreoutgoing/interesting

常见不规则

many/much变more,mostgood/well变better,bestbad/ill变worse,worstlittle/few变less,least

far变farther/further,farthest/furthest

old变older/elder,oldest/eldest

10.1比较级特别用法和句型

（1）同级比较

①倍数比较：

Yourroomistwiceasbigasmine.

Thisbridgeisthreetimesaslongasthatone.Myhandwritingisnothalfasgoodasyours.

②as…aspossible表示尽可能…

Heiscominghereasfastaspossible.=Heiscominghereasfastashecan.

（2）可用于修饰比较级的词主要包括：

much,abit,alittle,alot,rather,far,even,still,agreatdeal,twice,manytimes,onethird,any等

Tomismuchshorterthanhisbrother.

Don'tgobyplane.It'salotmoreexpensive.

Inmyeyes,SusanisprettywhileLucyisevenprettier.Mysisteristwoyearsyoungerthanme.

Itisone-fourthcheaperthanthemarketprice.

比较级……比较级……,表示“越……,就越…

Themoremoneyyoumake,themoreyouspend.Theyoungeryouare,theeasieritistolearn.

ThefasterItype,themoremistakesImake.

（3）the+比较级+ofthetwo,“两个中比较……的”Ofthetwogirls,Lynnisthemorebeautifulgirl.

Heisthebetterofthetwo.Maryisthetallerofthetwins.

（4）表示倍数

Ourclassroomistwicebiggerthantheirs.Thisruleisthreetimeslongerthanthatone.

10.2最高级其他用法

（1）“主语+be+oneoftheadj.最高级+名词复数+范围”表示“…是…中最…之一”

Computerisoneofthemostimportantinventionsintheworld.ThisisoneofthemostinterestingstoriesIhaveeverheard.

（2）adj.最高级前可加序数词，表示“第几最…”TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.

11.both,all,neither,none,either的用法

both:

两者都…

both两者都

neither两者都不

all三者都

none三者都不

Bothofmyfriendsarefriends.

Bothheandhisbrotherarestudents.

Allofusliketoeatapples.=Weallliketoeatapples.Alloftheoilisusedup.

Neitherofmyparents（v