人教版初二上英语知识点单元最新整理.docx

1、人教版初二上英语知识点单元最新整理初二英语上册Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation ?1.anywhere adv. 否/疑问/条件状从somewhere adv.肯形容词放其后Eg. You can go anywhere interesting you want.-Did you go B last summer holiday?-Yes. I went to Shanghai Disney.A. somewhere special B. anywhere special C. special somewhere D. special anywhere2.

2、形容词修饰不定代词everywhere 肯“到处” nowhere 不在任何地方-反 anywhere 任何地方some-， any-, every-, no-, 加 one, -body, -thinganything 复合不定代词 否/疑， if/whether 之后 形容词放其后something 肯e.g. Do you have anything to say ?Last night I saw someone strange lying on the ground near my home.If you have anything important to tell me, ple

3、ase call me.-Tom, please come here. I have C to tell you.-Ok. Im coming.A. anything important B. important something C. something important D. important anything3.How do you like? 你觉得怎么样=What do you think of? = How do you feel about?Eg. How do you like your new job?=What do you think of your new job

4、?=How do you feel about your new job?4.bored 人 感受 -edboring 物 事物的特征 -inge.g. She is bored with her job. The lecture was deadly boring.Do you find yourself getting impatient or A with people over 由于unimportant things?A. bored B. boring C. tiring D. tired 5.because of +n. 短语，代词等Because +句子e.g. And bec

5、ause of the bad weather, we couldnt see anything below. And we couldnt see anything below because the weather was bad. 6.enoughadj. I have enough money to buy a new book. adv. He is not old enough to go to school.adj. + enough + to do sth. 足够做She is old _enough _to make her own decision.7. 一般过去时 过去发

6、生的动作或状态（1）肯：主语+was/were/V-p +其他 We were pupils two years ago. I went to the zoo last week.（2）否：主语+was/were + not ; 主语+ didnt + V 原 + 其他He wasnt here just now.He didnt go to school last Friday.（3）一般疑问句： Was/Were + 主语 + 其他 ？Did + 主语 + V 原 + 其他 ？You were at home this morning.Were you at home this morni

7、ng?Your brother played computer games last Sunday.Did you brother play computer games last Sunday?Unit 2 How often do you exercise ?1.不得不；必须have to 客观需要 must 主观愿望、看法We had to walk to school yesterday. Its too late, I have to go now.You must finish the work before.We have to finish the work before lu

8、nch.2.want to do sth. 想要做 sth. I want to go shopping.want sb. to do sth. 想要 sb.做 sth. V +宾+宾补She wanted me to read it again.类似的动词：ask, teach, tell, wish, invite, order3.be good +介词be good to 对很好 She is good to everyone.be good for 对有益/有好处 Eating vegetables is good for your health. be good at 擅长 He i

9、s good at speaking English.be good with 与相处得好 He is very good with the children. do harm to=be bad for=be harmful to 对有害Nowadays, almost everyone knows air pollution is harmful to peoples health. It not only disturbs others, but also does harm to peoples hearing.4.it 作形式主语 动词不定式做真正的主语It is/was + adj

10、. + to do sth. 做 sth.(adj.)It is everyones duty to obey the law.It is difficult for a foreigner to learn Chinese.It is/was + adj. (for sb.) + to do sth. 对 sb.来说做 sth.是的adj. 表事物的特征，如 easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossiblee.g. Its very hard for him to learn two foreign languages.It is/was +adj

11、. of sb. + to do sth. sb. 做 sth.，真(adj.)adj. 表人物的性格、品德，常表示主观感情或态度，如：good, kind, nice, clever, foolishe.g. Its very nice of you to help me.5.频率副词always 总是；永远；始终 100% usually 通常；经常 75%often 时常；常常 50% sometimes 有时 20%hardly 几乎不 5% never 从不 0%6.how often/soon/long/farhow often“多久一次”频率e.g.-How often do y

12、ou visit your mother?-Once a week.how soon “多久之后”多久能完成 对（从即时起）到将来某个时刻间的时间长短提问，回答通常为 in+一段时间e.g. How soon will he be back？-In an hour.how far “多远” 路程e.g.-How far is it from here to the zoo?-Its 6 kilometers.how long “时间多久；物体多长”一段时间/长度一般对过去发生的时间提问e.g. How long did he stay here?-About two weeks.对物体长度提问

13、e.g.-How long is the board?-About one meter.7.through,across 介词 穿过through 内部/中间 如人群中，阳光中，物体中间等等；可用于抽象e.g. The sunlight comes through the glass.I dont know how they get through these cold winters.across 表面 go across 与 cross（v./n.） 同义 across 是介词，有“横跨，横穿，穿越”之意。e.g. Go across (Cross) the road, and you w

14、ill find the post office on yourright.北The Great Green Wall is across the northwest of China.绿色长城横跨中国西Unit 3 Im more outgoing than my sister1.Both做主语常与介词 of 连用，构成 bothofe.g. Both of us like watching the talent show.both and “两者都”链接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数e.g. Both my father and my mother are English teachers.P

15、ractice: -Please turn down the music. C Dad Mom are sleeping.-Sorry, Ill do it right away.A.Neither; nor B. Either; or C. Both; and D. Not only; but also2.反意疑问句的用法 规则：“前肯后方，前否后肯” 陈述部分+反义部分 希望证实所叙述的内容两种结构：肯定陈述+否定疑问e.g. The students enjoy playing football, dont they?否定陈述+肯定反意疑问e.g. You didnt go, did y

16、ou?情态动词/be/have(has)done/doI can speak English, _cant I ?I cant speak Japanese, _can I ?She hasnt been to Japan, _has she ? I didnt go to school, _did I ?Practice: He has few friends in his new school, B ?A.hasnt he B. does he C. is he D. doesnt he She is a nurse, _isnt she ?She has eaten dinner, _h

17、asnt she ? I have a house, _dont _I ?I have bought a car, _havent I ? I have a cold, dont _I_?She likes me, doesnt _she ? He played cards, _didnt he ?如何回答，根据事实回答 yes/no, 是否符合陈述部分“前否后肯” 的回答yes 或no 与汉语正好相反。这种省略回答的yes 要译成“不”，no要译成“是”。They work hard, dont they?他们努力工作，不是吗？Yes, they do.对,他们工作努力。/No, they

18、dont.不，他们工作不努力。They dont work hard, do they? 他们不太努力工作，是吗？Yes, they do. 不，他们工作努力。/No, they dont. 是的， 他们工作不努力。以 Lets 开头的祈使句，附加问句用 shall we；以 Let us 开头的，则用 will youe.g. Lets go home， shall we？ 咱们回家吧，好吗？Let us go home， will you？ 让我们回家吧，好吗？2.lets 和 let us lets 中 us 包括对方e.g. Lets try again.咱们再试一下吧Let us 不

19、包括对方e.g. Let us know the time of your arrival.告诉我们你到达的时间practice: Mom, lets go shopping.妈妈，我们一起去购物吧Mom, let us go shopping. 妈妈，请允许我们去购物3.asas 的 用法 “像一样”用于同级比较 “as + 形容词/副词的原级+as” 表示两者在某一方面相同或相等e.g. Mary works as carefully as Linda. “not as/soas” 不像一样e.g. Spring isnt as/so cold as winter. “as much/ma

20、ny+U/N+as” 可用于表示数量e.g. I havent got as much money as I thought. 我不像原来想象的有那么多钱。Practice: My father think writing is as A as reading.A. Interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. more interested4.have fun 的用法 “玩得高兴，过得快乐” have fun (in) doing sth. 做 sth.有乐趣have a good time enjoy oneselfe.g. We hav

21、e fun (in) reading English novels. Practice: -Did you have A good time yesterday?-Yeah, I really had fun at the party.A. a; / B. a; the C. /; the D. the; a5.makemake sb. do sth. 让/使 sb. 做 sth.e.g. His words made us feel so excited.The boss made the workers work day and night.see, watch, look at 三 看h

22、ear, listen to 两 听feel 一感 以及 let, have, make 三个使役动词后跟省略 to 的不定式做宾补e.g. Did you hear him go out?I often see him play basketball in the playground.Practice: The child is crying. Please do something to make him B .A. stop to cry B. stop crying C. to stop crying6.as long as “只要”条件状从e.g. You may take thi

23、s book away as long as you return it on time.Practice: -Whats your opinion on friends? 你对于朋友的观点是什么-They are like books. We dont need a lot of them A they are good.A.as long as B. as soon as C. so that D. as if7.the same as 和一样e.g. Your opinion is the same as mine.Practice: Its not necessary to find

24、a friend who is the same B you.A. in B. as C. to D. from8.be similar to sb./sth. 与 sb./sth.相似e.g. My problems are similar to yours.Practice: Nana is D to her father in many ways. For example, they are both tall.A. different B. kind C. friendly D. similar9.be different from 和不同 反义词 the same ase.g. My

25、 job is different from his.Practice：-Are you different your friend?-No, we are similar each other.A.from, to B. to, from C. from, from D. in, from different adj. difference n.不同点important adj. importance n. 重要性10.变化规则例词单音节和部分双音节词一般在词尾加-er/ -estsmaller, taller, higher以不发音的 e 结尾加-r/-stfiner, nicer, la

26、ter 形容词、副词比较级、最高级比较级/最高级变化规则：以辅音字母加 y 结尾，y变 i 加 -er/-esteasier, earlier, heavier, happier重度闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母，双写加-er/- estbigger, fatter, thinner,多音节和部分双音节词前加 more/mostmore outgoing/interesting常见不规则many/much 变 more, most good/well 变 better, best bad/ill 变 worse, worst little/few 变 less, leastfar 变 farthe

27、r/further, farthest/furthestold 变 older/elder, oldest/eldest10.1比较级特别用法和句型（1）同级比较倍数比较：Your room is twice as big as mine.This bridge is three times as long as that one. My handwriting is not half as good as yours.asas possible 表示尽可能He is coming here as fast as possible.= He is coming here as fast as

28、he can.（2）可用于修饰比较级的词主要包括：much, a bit, a little, a lot, rather, far, even, still, a great deal, twice, many times, one third, any 等Tom is much shorter than his brother.Dont go by plane. Its a lot more expensive.In my eyes, Susan is pretty while Lucy is even prettier. My sister is two years younger th

29、an me.It is one-fourth cheaper than the market price.比较级比较级,表示“越,就越The more money you make, the more you spend. The younger you are, the easier it is to learn.The faster I type, the more mistakes I make.（3）the+比较级+ of the two, “两个中比较的” Of the two girls, Lynn is the more beautiful girl.He is the bett

30、er of the two. Mary is the taller of the twins.（4）表示倍数Our classroom is twice bigger than theirs. This rule is three times longer than that one.10.2最高级其他用法（1）“主语+ be + one of the adj.最高级 + 名词复数 + 范围”表示“是中最之一”Computer is one of the most important inventions in the world. This is one of the most intere

31、sting stories I have ever heard.（2）adj. 最高级前可加序数词，表示“第几最” The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.11.both, all, neither, none, either 的用法both: 两者都both 两者都neither 两者都不all 三者都none 三者都不Both of my friends are friends.Both he and his brother are students.All of us like to eat apples. =We all like to eat apples. All of the oil is used up.Neither of my parents （v