英语初三词汇专题.docx
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英语初三词汇专题
精锐教育1对1辅导讲义
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主题
词汇
学习目标
1.熟练掌握常考的词组及含义；
2.熟练掌握常考形近词的区别；
3.熟练掌握常考的句型结构之间的区别。
教学内容
【近义词短语辨析】
【知识梳理1】
turn短语
turnin①归还
turnup①出现，到达②开大音量
turnon①打开
turnoff关掉（煤气、水、电、收音机、电视机等）
turnout①证明是，结果是②生产
turndown①关掉②拒绝
turninto把……变成……；译成
turnover①翻身，翻转②移交，交付
inturn依次，轮流
2.有关look的短语
look after = take care of 照顾，照看
have a look = take a look 看一看 have a look at +n = take a look at+ n 看一看某物
look up 查阅资料，字典 look down on/ upon 看不起，轻视
look for 寻找（着重寻找的过程）look out of…从…向外看
look out at sth 向外看某物 look into 调查
look over 检查 look up and down 上下打量
look up 向上看 look down 向下看
【例题精讲】
1.Thoughitlookedlikerainthismorning,ithas______tobeafineday.
A）turnedup
B）turnedover
C）turnedon
D）turnedout
2.Please________thewordintheEnglish-Chinesedictionaryifyoudon'tknowit.
A）lookup
B）takeup
C）putup
D）giveup
Keys:
DA
【巩固提升】
1.Don’tforgetto______thelightsandtheTVinthesittingroombeforegoingtobed.
A）turnover
B）turnon
C）turnoff
D）turnup
2.Couldyouturntheradio___________abit,please?
Thebabyissleepingatthemoment.
A）down
B）up
C）on
D）off
3.Acar_______onthehighwaythismorningbecauseoftheheavysnow.
A）turnedout
B）turnedover
C）wentout
D）wentover
Keys:
CAB
【知识梳理2】
3. thank
thank you / thanks for + n / v-ing 因…而感谢，
thanks to...由于，多亏
thanks to one's help=because of one's help 由于某人的帮忙
thanks for one's help 谢谢某人的帮助
4.alone，lonely
alone adj 独自一人（无感情色彩，只是陈述事实）在句中只做表语
lonely adj 孤独的，寂寞的（形容人感到孤独寂寞，带有感情色彩）
5. pleasant, pleased, pleasing
pleasant常用作定语，a pleasant trip
pleased和 pleasing常用作表语，pleased主语常为人，pleasing主语常为物
pleasure n 愉快，快乐，高兴
be pleased with sb /sth 对某人、事感到欣喜的，满意的
be pleased to do sth 乐意做某事 it’s one’s pleasure to do sth 做某事是某人的荣幸
【例题精讲】
1.Hisgrandparentslive_______inasmallhouse,buttheydidn’tfeel_______.
A）lonely,alone
B）alone,lonely
C）lonely,lonely
D）alone,alone
2.Helenisa______girl.Everyonelikesher.
A）pleased
B）please
C）pleasure
D）pleasant
Keys:
BD
【巩固提升】
1.Wewerevery________thephotocompetition.
A）pleasedwith
B）pleaseabout
C）pleasantwith
D）pleasedof
2.Mr.Greenwasout.HislittlesonDavidstayedathome______,buthedidn’tfeel______.
A）lonely,alone
B）alone,lonely
C）lonely,lonely
D）alone,alone
Keys:
AB
【知识梳理3】
6.stop，forget，remember
stop to do sth 意为“停下（正在做的事情）去做其他的事”
stop doing sth 意为 “停止（正在）做的事情”
forget to do sth 忘记要去做某事
forget doing sth 忘记已经做过的事
remember to do sth 记得要去做某事
remember doing sth 记得已经做过的事
go on doing sth = keep on doing sth = carry on doing sth 继续做某事（同一件事）
go on to do sth 接着干别的事
7.make
make A out of B 用B制造A
make sth for sb 为某人制造某物
do sth for sb为某人做某事
be made of sth 由…制造（看得出原材料）
be made from sth由…制造（看不出原材料）
be made by sb 由某人制造
8.say，speak，talk，tell
say 强调说的具体内容 eg .Can you say the story in English?
speak 指说话的能力，后经常跟语言的种类 eg. Can you speak English?
tell 告诉，讲诉
tell sb about sth 告诉某人有关有事 tell sb to do sth 叫某人做某事 tell sb not to do sth 叫某人不要做某事
talk 交谈，谈话
talk with sb 与某人交谈 talk to sb 给某人说（侧重于一方说，别一方在听）talk about sth 谈论某事
【例题精讲】
1.I’msorryIdidn’thearwhatyou______.Couldyourepeatit?
A）talked
B）told
C）said
D）spoke
2.Bobisnotgoodatsports,sohisparentsoftenmakehim____lotsofexercises.
A）do
B）todo
C）doing
D）did
3.A:
Ididn’tsleepwelllastnightandfeelquitesleepynow.
B:
Whynotstop__________?
A）towork
B）tohavearest
C）havingarest
D）togoonwithyourwork
Keys:
CAB
【巩固提升】
1.Shedidtheexerciseagain.Sheforgot_____it.
A）todo
B）doing
C）do
D）did
2.SallycanFrenchverywell,andshewantstoworkinFrancesomeday.
A）say
B）talk
C）tell
D）speak
3.Whocan__________methemeaningofthatsign?
A）speak
B）say
C）talk
D）tell
Keys:
BDD
【知识梳理4】
9.pay，spend，cost，take
.sb pay + 金钱 + for sth 某人为…付…钱
Sb spend + 时间/ 金钱 + on sth Sb spend + 时间 / 金钱 + （in） doing sth
Sthcostsb金钱 主语是物
It takes sb + 时间 + to do sth
10.instead，insteadof
instead adv 代替 单独使用，放于句首或句末
instead of + n/ pron/v-ing 介词短语 意为“代替…而不是…”放于句中
10..would like to do sth = want to do sth=feellikedoing 想要做某事
Would like sb to do sth = want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事
【例题精讲】
1．It______Mr.Blackfiveyearstocyclearoundthewholecountry.
A）cost
B）paid
C）spent
D）took
2．ThoughthePSP________himabout￥1200,hedoesn’tthinkitisexpensive.
A）took
B）spent
C）paid
D）cost
KEYS:
DD
【巩固提升】
1．QianXuesen______manyyearsdoingresearchworkatuniversitiesintheUSA.
A）cost
B）spent
C）paid
D）took
2．YangLiwei______about21hourstravellingaroundtheearth14timesinthespaceship.
A）took
B）spent
C）paid
D）cost
3．TheTVsetisreallyexpensive.Ithim$900.
A）spent
B）took
C）cost
D）paid
Keys:
BBC
【知识梳理5】
11..hope，wish
hope to do sth 希望做某事 hope + 从句 希望…
wish to do sth 希望做某事 wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事
12.get
get on/off（the bus） 上/下车
get up 起床
get ready for 为...做准备
get oneself dressed 自己穿衣服
get well （better） 身体好
get in 进入，收集
get sb.sth.=get sth.for sb. 为某人买某物
get on well with sb/sth. 与某人相处很好，...进展顺利
13.send
send sb. away 开除、解雇某人
send for sb. 派人去请某人
send up 发射
send sth to sb = send sb sth 把某物寄给某人
14.hear
hear from sb= receive a letter from sb 收到...的来信
hear of 听说
【例题精讲】
1.TheChinesePing-Pongplayerswilljoininthematch.Let's_____themsuccess.
A）wish
B）towish
C）hope
D）tohope
2.Lotsofdoctorsandnurses__________totheearthquakeareasaftertheearthquakehappened.
A）weresent
B）sent
C）aresent
D）hadsent
Keys:
AA
【巩固练习】
1.SinceTencentreleasedWechat,it______oneofthemostpopularappsintheworld.
A）become
B）becomes
C）hasbecome
D）became
2.TheArtFestivalofourschool_______successfullyattheendoflastmonth.
A）willbehold
B）hasbeenheld
C）washeld
D）isheld
3.Thetrafficpolicealwayswarndrivers_____afterdrinkingbecauseitisdangerous.
A）notdriving
B）don’tdrive
C）notdrive
D）nottodrive
4.Inordertotakepartintheperformance,Ipractice______thepianoeveryday.
A）play
B）toplay
C）playing
D）plays
Keys:
CCDC
【知识梳理6】
15.到达某地的几种表达法
get to +名词 get +副词（不用to）
reach+名词/副词 reach后不接宾语不能单独使用
e.g. Do you know when he will reach?
（错误）
arrive in/at +大/小地点 （后接副词，不用at/in）
e.g. get to Shanghai、reach Shanghai 、arrive in Shanghai到达上海
e.g. reach home、get home、arrive home 到家
【例题精讲】
1.Whenthey______,theyfoundtwoburglarswerekeptinaliftwithaheavyboxofmoney.
A）reached
B）gotto
C）arrived
D）were
2.Lastnightthey________homeat_______12:
00.
A）got;behind
B）got;around
C）gotto;about
D）arrivedat,nearly
3.Whenhearrived_________thestation,thetrainhadleft.
A）at
B）to
C）./
D）in
Keys:
CBA
【巩固练习】
4.Pleasetellmewhenthebus_________.
A）arrives
B）arrivesat
C）reaches
D）reachesin
5.JimandKateare__________attheirhometowntomorrow.
A）gettingto
B）getting
C）reachingto
D）arriving
6.Whydoyou__________homesolate?
A）get
B）getto
C）arrivein
D）reachto
Keys:
ADA
【知识梳理7】
16. end
by the end of +过去时间 （用于过去完成时）到...末为止
by the end of +将来时间 （用于一般将来时）到...末为止
at the end of+地点 在...尽头
in the end= at last 最后，终于
at the beginning of 在…的开端，开始
in the beginning 开始= at first
17. much too+形容词／副词原级 实在太...
too much+不可数名词 相当多的... too many+可数名词的复数
【知识梳理7】
18. sell
sell out 售完 卖完
on sell 打折
in sell 当季
【例题精讲】
1.Thisbookis______foraseven-year-oldchildtoread.
A）toomuchdifficult
B）toomoredifficult
C）muchtoodifficult
D）quitmoredifficult
2.Aftertheclasswas______,someofthestudentswereaskedtoremain.
A）attheend
B）intheend
C）bytheend
D）atanend
Keys:
CA
【巩固练习】
1._____theday,theteacherandstudentswereveryhappy.
A）Intheendof
B）Withtheendof
C）Attheendof
D）Bytheendof
2.We’llhaveanEnglishexam______January.
A）bytheendof
B）attheend
C）intheend
D）attheendof
3.______theendoftheday,wewereverytired.
A）In
B）At
C）To
D）By
keys:
CCB
【知识梳理8】
19. finish doing sth. 做完某事
complete to do sth 完成某事
be always doing 老是干某事
20.look for 寻找（着重指过程）
find 寻找（着重指结果）
find out （经过查询，研究）找到结果，发现秘密
search sb 搜身 search sp for sb/sth 为了搜查某人、物而搜寻某地
21.up短语
takeup1）开始从事2）占用;化去
pickup1）拾起2）收拾3）学到;获得
lookup1）查阅，查考；寻找（某人）2）向上看
setup建立giveup放弃makeup组成；
stayup熬夜putup张贴，举起
【例题精讲】
1．Myfather______Englishinhisthirties.NowheisreadytobeavolunteerforthecomingExpo.
A）pickedup
B）gotup
C）tookup
D）lookedup
2．Manystudentshaveto_____theirhobbiesbecauseoftheirbusyschoolwork.
A）stayup
B）putup
C）giveup
D）lookup
Keys:
CC
【巩固练习】
I.Choosethebestanswer.
1．Janetookupthepianowhenshewasfive.Theunderlinedwordmeans"____".
A）pickedup
B）lookedup
C）satup
D）begantolearn
2．ThesuccessfulspacewalkofZhaiZhigangishelpfulto__________aspacestation.
A）lookup
B）takeup
C）setup
D）pickup
3．Pleasehangthema
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