英语阅读理解题型分类及解题技巧高考阅读理解题技巧读座对照讲义例析.docx

英语阅读理解题型分类及解题技巧高考阅读理解题技巧读座对照讲义例析.docx

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英语阅读理解题型分类及解题技巧高考阅读理解题技巧读座对照讲义例析

英语阅读理解题型分类及解题技巧

闽侯二中英语教研组

一．注意NMET阅读理解的重点

1．注意每段文章的主题句及结论句，通常是每段的首句或尾句（也有在中间的）

2．注意文章的细节

（1）数字与日期。

（2）同位语，破折号（――），括号（　）。

（3）表示附带说明的词如：

bytheway,furthermore,besides,inadditionto等。

（4）倒装句及加强语气的词如：

aboveall,mainly,chiefly等。

（5）注意全文谈何人（who）、何处（where）、何物（what）及特殊之处。

3．注意比较或对照

除全文的原级、比较级与最高级外，还应注意下列表示比较对照的词。

如：

（1）对照：

though,although,but,despite,inspiteof,yet,however,still,otherwise,differ,unlike,ontheotherhand

（2）比较：

same,like,compare,similar,similarly

（3）例外：

except,instead,ratherthan,onthecontrary,oddlyenough,regardless

4．注意所举之例及解释处

（1）举例：

forexample,forinstance,suchas,examples

（2）解释：

inotherwords,justas,namely,thatistosay,inthesamemanner

5．注意否定句及包含全部的词

never,on,none,neither,not,seldom,hardly,only,always,atalltimes,entirely,every,forever,all

6．注意全文中表示因果关系的词

（1）原因：

because,since,reasonfor,cause,resultfrom

（2）结果：

thus,so,asaresult,therefore,hence,resultin,inshort,inconclusion

二．NMET阅读理解的问题类型及例析

（一）主题思想型：

其题干类型有如下几种：

（1）Thetitlethatbestexpressestheideaofthepassageis------（Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?

）

（2）Themainideaofthepassageisabout-------（Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

）

（3）Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthepassage?

（4）Thispassagetellsus…

（5）Thewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassageisto…（Themainpurposeofthepassageisto…）

（6）Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?

（7）Thesubjectoftheparagraph（passage）is_______.

（8）Theparagraph（passage）dealswith______.

（9）Whattopicistreatedintheparagraph（passage）?

（10）Themainideaoftheparagraph（passage）is______.

（11）Thebestheadlineforthearticlewouldbe_____.

（12）Fromtheparagraph（passage）weknowthat_______.

（13）Theparagraph（passage）couldbetitled________.

[例1]（NEMT2001E篇）

例：

71.WhatoldHaroldcannotunderstandorexplainisthefactthat_________.

A.heistreatedasanoutsiderratherthanahusband

B.womenhavesomuchtoshare

C.womenshowlittleinterestinballgames

D.hefindshiswifedifficulttotalkto

例：

72.Rubin’sstudyshowsthatforemotionalsupportamarriedwomanismorelikelytoturnto_______.

A.amalefriendB.afemalefriendC.herparentsD.herhusband

例：

73.Accordingtothetext,whichtypeofbehaviorisNOTexpectedofamanbysociety?

A.Endinghismarriagewithoutgoodreason.B.Spendingtoomuchtimewithhisfriends.

C.Complainingabouthismarriagetrouble.D.Goingouttoballgamestoooften.

例：

74.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisbestsupportedbythelastparagraph?

A.Menkeeptheirinnermostfeelingtothemselves.

B.Womenaremoreseriousthanmenaboutmarriage.

C.Menoftentakesuddenactiontoendtheirmarriage.

D.Womendependonothersinmakingdecisions.

例：

75.TheresearchdonebypsychologistRubincentersaround________.

A.happyandsuccessfulmarriage.B.friendshipsofmenandwomen

C.emotionalproblemsinmarriageD.interactionsbetweenmenandwomen

［例2］ＮMEＴ　１９９６

　“Iwouldalmostratherseeyoudead,”RobertS.Cassatt,aleadingbanker（银行家）ofPhiladelphia,shoutedwhenhistwenty-year-oldeldestdaughterannouncedthatshewantedtobecomeanartist.Inthe19thcentury,playingatdrawingorpaintingondisheswasallrightforayounglady,butseriousworkinartwasnot.Andwhentheyounglady’sfamilyrankedamong（跻身于）thebestofPhiladelphia’ssocial（社交界的）families,suchanideacouldnotevenbeconsidered.

ThatwashowMaryCassatt,born1844,beganherstruggleasanartist.Shedidnottremblebeforeherfather’sanger.Instead,sheopposed（抗拒）himwithcourageandatlastmadehimchangehismind.Marycassattgaveuphersocialposition（社会地位）andallthoughtofahusbandandafamily,whichinthosetimeswasunthinkableforayounglady.Intheend,afterlongyearsofhardworkandperseverance（坚持），shebecameAmerica’smostimportantwomanartistandtheinternationallyrecognizedleadingwomanpainterofthetime.

9.HowdidMr.Cassattreact（反应）whenhisdaughtermadeherannouncement?

A.HefearedforherlifeB.Hewasveryangry.

C.Henearlykilledher.D.Hewarnedher.

10.WhatinfactwasMr.Cassatt’smainreasoninopposinghisdaughter’swish?

A.Drawingandpaintingwassimplyunthinkableamongladiesinthosedays.

B.Hedidnotbelievehisdaughterwantedtoworkseriouslyinart.

C.Hebelievedanartist’slifewouldbetoohardforhisdaughter.

D.Ladiesofgoodfamiliessimplydidnotbecomeartistsinthosetimes.

11.WhatmadeMaryCassatt’s“struggle”tobecomearecognizedartistespeciallyhard?

A.Shewasawoman.B.Herfatheropposedher.

C.Shehadnosocialposition.D.Shedidnotcomefromanartist’sfamily.

12.WhatdoweknowaboutMaryCassatt’smarriage（婚姻）?

A.Hermarriagefailedbecauseshenevergaveathoughttoherhusbandandfamily.

B.Shenevermarriedbecauseshedidnotwanttobejustawifeandmother.

C.Aftermarriageshedecidedtogiveupherhusbandratherthanhercareer（事业）.

D.Shedidnotmarrybecauseforaladyofhersocialpositiontomarrybelowherwasunthinkable.

13.WhatdoweknowaboutMaryCassatt’scharacter?

A.Shewasbraveingoingagainstoldideas.

B.Shegottiredofalwaysobeyingherfather.

C.Shehatedplayingatdrawingandpainting.

D.Shedidnotmindbeingpooratall.

14.Aswecanlearnfromthetext,whichofthefollowingwasgenerallyconsideredthemostimportantinthelifeofawomanintheU.S.inMaryCassatt’stimes?

[例３]　ＮＥＭＴ　２０００　（Ｂ篇）

1.Thewriter’spurposeinwritingthisstoryis________.

A.totellaninterestingexperience

B.toshowtheeasiestwayoutofadifficulty

C.todescribethetroublefacinganewlymarriedwoman

D.toexplainthedifficultyoflearningtocookfrombooks

（二）细节对照题型：

1.题干类型有如下几种：

（１）Ｔheauthorstatesthat_________.

（2）Thewritermentionsallofthefollowingexcept_______.

（3）Accordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect?

（4）Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue?

（5）Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue（false）,accordingtotheparagraph（passage）?

（6）Inthepassage,whichofthefollowingismentioned（notmentioned）?

（7）Allthefollowingstatementsarenottrue（true）except______.

（8）Choosetherightorderoftheeventsgiveninthepassage?

另外：

题干中会出现：

exceptthat,withtheexceptionof,havenothingtodowith,differfrom,leastmatch等须特别留意。

2．细节对照题分类：

A．对等词（英文释义）

B．排列顺序题（如历史事件、人物生平事迹、故事情节发展）

C．依照题干条件限制做题

E．推算、演算题

F．知识运用分析题

G．长句，难句理解题

H．图表演示理解型

例析：

题型：

A、对等词细节题：

[例1]NMET2000A篇

1.Howlongdidthepowerfailurelast?

A.Nearly12hoursB.Morethan12hours

C.Nearly24hoursD.Morethan24hours

（原文对照）NewYork,10November—5:

27pm,yesterday,Biggestpowerfailureinthecity’shistory,

*Thebigelectricclockinthelobby（大厅）oftheWaldorf-AstoriaHotelindowntownManhattanstartedticking（滴答）againat5:

25thismorning.Itwasalmostontime.

[例2]NEMT2001A篇

57．（D）项：

Somefirmsrentoutalltheircarsduringholidayseasons.对照原文：

ThisfigureshootsupduringholidayseasonslikeNationalDay.LaborDay…,withsomerecording100percenttotal.

58.Shanghai’scarrentalindustryisgrowingsofastmainlydueto_______.C项：

Theincreasingnumberofwhite-collaremployees（白领雇员）.

对照原文：

Themajormarketforcerestsinthegrowingpopulationofwhite-collaremployees，whocanaffordthenewservice.

[例3]NEMTB篇

59．Thepeoplewhoshouldberesponsibleforwhathappened_______.

A.hadwantedtocatchthefishB.hadbeendrinkingtoomuch

C.weredoinganexperimentD.didn’tmeantoharmthefish

对照原文：

Expertssaidthatafactorymakingalcoholhadaccidentallypouredsomewineintotheriver,causingmanyfishtofloatonthesurfacewithstrangelooksontheirfaces.

[例4]周报42期:

Wehadhardlygotabovethecloudsovertheairportwhenacalmvoicesaidovertheloudspeaker:

56.Whendidtheemergencyoccur?

C项：

Shortlyaftertheplanetookoff.

题型B[例1]排序式就题找文法

有些考查动顺序细节题原文有几句细节描写，此时应先将原文动作进行排序，方可得出正确结论。

例：

WhichofthefollowingdescribesRoberts’logicinsearchingforthehare?

a.HenryVIII’ssixwives

b.Katherine’sburialplaceatKimbolton

c.Williams’childhoodinAmpthil

d.KatherineofAragon

e.StonecrossesisAmpthillPark

A.a—b—c—e—dB.d—b—c—e—aC.a—d—b—c—eD.b—a—c—e—d

（NEMT’2002阅读理解D篇第70小题）

[例2]NMET1999B篇

54．Whichofthefollowingshowstherightorderofwhathappenedtothediary?

a.----TomBrennanfoundthebookinanofficebuilding.

b.----ThebookwasshowntoJamesGreen.

c.----CoryLuxmorearrivedfromEngland.

d.---Thebookwasleftbehindinataxi.

A.a.b.c.dB.c.b.d.aC.a.c.d.bD.c.a.b.d

题型C、依照题干条件限制做题：

[例1]成都试题：

58.Accordingtotheboy’sbill,hismomowedhimCforhishelpingwiththehousework.

A.$7.50B.$10.50C.$12.00D.$17.00

原文对照：

…,Forgettingagoodreportcard$5.00.Totalowed:

$17.00.

[例2]A、看清题干条件：

如

Ofthesevenwonders,howmanyaretallbuildingsandbuiltonlandawayfromthesea?

OnWednesdaythefitnessclassat6:

30pmisBodyBurn.

题型D

判断正误题，选项若为绝对词。

如：

never,all,only等多为错项。

题目中选项查出文中句子应认真对照核实。

如：

周报42E篇75.C.Somememberswillleavethemeeting.而原文中：

thememberswillmentallyleavethemeeting.

题E:

推算，演算类细节对照题：

[例1]NEMT1999C篇61题：

61.Amanboughthimselfaticketof£15andthreeticketsforhisfamilywithafamilyrailcard.Howmuchdidhepay?

A.£44B.£29C.£24D.£15

原文对照：

For£20thisrailcardallowsyoutotakeasecondadult（成人）andupto4childrenforonly£3eachwhenyoubuysingleorreturntickets.

[例2]南昌卷29期B篇60题：

HowmanymiddleschoolstudentswilltherebeinChinain2005?

A.20millionB.25millionC.30millionD.35million

原文对照：

Thenumberofstudentswhowillfinishjuniormiddlesch