配套K12高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解训练3.docx
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配套K12高考英语二轮复习阅读理解训练3
江苏常州市2016高考英语阅读理解二轮训练（3）
2009年以来，高考英语（福建卷）第二卷第四部分“写作”的第一节为“短文填词”，共设10小题，每小题1分，满分10分，要求考生阅读一篇短文并根据汉语提示、首字母提示或语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，并将该词完整地写在右边相对应的横线上，所填单词要求意义准确、拼写正确。
尽管考生在备考的过程中做了大量的短文填词练习，然而从近五年的高考实践看，考生这一部分的得分率偏低。
那么在复习过程中，如何备考才能提高得分呢？
笔者愿以近五年引导学生备考的做法及感悟，与大家分享。
一、再现真题，感悟考点。
（一）请完成以下三篇短文填词。
（1）2013（福建卷）短文填词
Everyindividualisamemberofagroupcalledthecommunity,andit
isthedutyofeverycitizenaskwhathecandoforhiscommunity.76.
Agoodcitizen（相信）thatheshouldservethe77.
communityandnotthecommunityserveh.Asstudents,78.
therearemanywaysinyoucanservethecommunity.79.
Aboveall,however,youhavetoacquireacertainamountof
skillandexperiencebyoucanbeofservicetoothers.80.
Yourschoolhaslotsof（活动）whichprepareyou81.
goodcitizenship.Manyschoolsocietiestrainstudents82.
tobecomegoodcitizenswholaterpinvolunteerwork83.
andservethepublicintofneed.Ifyouserveyourcommunity,84.
youwillgrowtobeagoodcitizenwithastrongsenseof85.
responsibility.
（2）2012（福建卷）短文填词
Peopleoftendon’tdowhattheyreallywanttoforfearof
failure.Youdon’tapplyforajobcaseyoudon’tgetit.76.
Youdon’tperformattheschoolconcertbothersmight77.
laughatyou.Alackofconfidencecanltoalotof78.
suffering.Thekeytoothisproblemistobelievein79.
yourself.Thismightbe（容易）saidthandone,butthere80.
aremanywtohelpyoudothis.Talkaboutyourproblem81.
withafriendorlookadviceontheInternet.Imagine82.
yourselfbeing（成功）andpracticebreathingtechniques83.
tokeepyoucalmwhenyougetnervous.Andtheimportant84.
thingis:
believeyoucandoit.Whenyou’ve（学会）todo85.
that,youarewellonyourway.
（3）2011（福建卷）短文填词
Sportisnecessaryforeveryone.Ithelpsyoukeepfit.Fitnessis
iifyouwanttobehealthythroughoutyourlife.Thebest76.
waytokeepfitistogetplentyexercisebydoingsport.77.
Accordingto（科学家）,doingsportcanbenefit78.
peoplealotmentallyaswellasphysically.Thesport79.
theydo,thehappiertheywillf.Besides,sportcanhelp80.
peopledevelopwillanddetermination.Thesequalitieshelppeople
achievetheirgoalsbtheywillnotgiveupsoeasilywhen81.
（面对）difficulties.What’smore,sportbuildsteamspirit,82.
whichisgoodforthewholesociety.Ithelpspeoplework（密切）83.
andsmoothlyandthinkabout,notjustthemselves.84.
Inc,sportisgoodforyourhealthandhappiness,and85.
forsociety.
（二）请核对答案并将自己的答案与正确答案备注。
题号
2013
2012
2011
参考答案
错误备注
参考答案
错误备注
参考答案
错误备注
76
to
in
important
77
believes
because
of
78
him
lead
scientists
79
which
overcoming
more
80
before
easier
feel
81
activities
ways
because
82
for
for
facing
83
participate
successful
closely
84
time
most
others
85
up
learnt/learned
conclusion
从备注的错误中可以看出，常见的错误有：
（1）词形未变化。
如：
。
（2）拼写错误。
如：
。
（3）其他。
如：
。
（三）2009年至2013年高考（福建卷）短文填词考点一览表及简析。
考点
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
动词
believes,
participate
lead,overcoming,
learned/learnt
feel,
facing
need,give
compared,
includes,
given,benefit
名词
activities,
time
ways
scientists,
conclusion
toys,
peace
grammar,
beginning
代词
him,which
others
their
ourselves,which
形容词
successful,
easier
important
possible
副词
up
most
more,closely
more
carefully
连词
before
because
because
when
介词
to,for
for,in
of
besides,on
in
短文填词是写作的一部分，文章的篇幅在120-130个单词之间，约12行，共设10小题，每小题的答案一般都具有唯一性的特点。
短文填词与书面表达文章难度设定大体一致。
从以上表格可以看出，短文填词重点考查单词拼写，语言基础知识，语篇理解能力和语言表达能力；在考查词汇的同时也考查学生读与写的能力。
考生必须在理解短文内容的基础上，把握短文主旨大意，运用所学语言知识填空，使短文语篇完整。
具体的考点是以实词（动词、名词、代词、形容词、副词）为主，兼顾虚词（介词、连词）。
（1）难点在于词形变化，主要是动词、名词及代词的变化。
如，2013年81题的activities。
（2）连词与三大从句有关，而介词与习惯搭配有关，均是常考点。
如，2013年82题考查了preparesb.forsth.的习惯搭配。
（3）应特别注意尽管没有词形变化，但平时容易拼错的词。
如，2011年78题的scientists及85题的conclusion等。
（4）复习备考时多注意常用词句、固定句型或搭配，甚至谚语的积累。
2013年短文填词中itisthedutyofeverycitizentoaskwhathecandoforhiscommunity这一句是itisthedutyofsb.todosth.的固定搭配。
2012年短文填词中Thismightbeeasiersaidthandone这一句是由谚语Itiseasiersaidthandone改写的，因此要引起对于谚语的重视。
2011年Themoresporttheydo,thehappier…与2010年whenitcomestopracticingourmusicalinstruments属于固定句型。
2009年Ifpossible，是固定搭配。
（5）要熟练掌握篇章连接词。
如，2009年Firstly…Then…Afterthat…Lastly…；2010年Firstofall…Besidesthat…Inaddition…Worstofall…及2011年Besides…What’smore,…等。
（6）注意篇章与语境。
2012年84题填most是由于之前已经谈了几条建议。
（7）从基础词法与句法做出判断。
如，2009年84题填which，因为这是一个非限制性定语从句。
2010年77题填need，因为助动词don’t后面必为动词原形。
2011年80题填feel，因为thehappier是形容词，属于主系表结构。
2012年85题填learnt/learned，因为they’ve=theyhave,这里的have是完成时结构中的助动词，后面必为过去分词。
2013年79题填which,因为这是一个定语从句.
二、2014年短文填词备考技巧各个击破。
（一）词形变化。
（1）动词
1.Scientistsdiscoveredthewaterbyh____abitofthesoilto835degreesinthechemistrylab.
2.Allthecatsinthecaféwere____（遭遗弃的）catsthatwereadoptedfromrescuecenters.
3.Heremovedapieceofbreadfromhispocketand____abite.
4.Theresearchp____intheJournalNeuronlastmonthalsoprovedthepoint.
5.Hundredsofangrypeopleb____thewindows,setfiretotheofficesanddrewgraffiti（乱画）onthewalls.
6.Thegovernment____（派遣）hundredsofpoliceofficerstoguardthelocalbuildingslastSaturday.
7.Ateacherwarnedthatchildrent____tolooklikesuperstarsonTVwouldendupwithunhappiness.
8.Ifa____tolookafterluggageforsomeoneelse,informthepoliceatonce.
9.Ashecoughedandchoked,hejumpedupanddown,____（喊叫）loudly.
10.Hesaidheneverunderstoodwhypeople____（关注）somuchonwhathedid.
11.Shebeganmakingmodelplanesand____（收集）booksandmagazinesaboutplaneswhenshewasalittlegirl.
12.____（选择）asubjectisnotgoingtobeeasy.
13.Withsuchunhealthyairquality,somesimplewaysare____（推荐）foryoutoreducehigherriskofhealthproblems.
14.Theykepttheclothesthattheyalreadyhad,andstoppedb____anymore.
15.Problems____（出现）whenourcomputerandtelevisionbrokedown.
Key:
1.heating2.abandoned3.took/had4.published5.broke6.sent7.trying8.asked9.shouting10.focused
11.collecting12.Choosing13.recommended14.buying15.arose
（2）名词、形容词与副词
1.Thenexttimeyoufeel____（无聊的）,playagameorcards.
2.Iwasenjoyingthebusytrafficwithpeoplerushingineverypossible____（方向）whenwegotstuckataverybusycrossroads.
3.Aredolphinsmorei____thanotheranimals?
4.Thegovernmentwantstomakesurethatalllocalschoolshave____（相似的）standards.
5.AllthroughtheMiddleAges,chickensonlylaideggsforpartoftheyear,m____inthespring.
6.Withthei____ofpottery（陶器）about5,000BC,boilingfoodgraduallybecamemorecommon.
7.Ifyouhaveanysuggestions,pleasespeaktomed____.
8.Aweekwithoutwatercane____killtheaverageperson.
9.JustasNewYorkTimessays,thisisabookwiththe____（有魔力的）powertoinspireandcomfortitsreaders.
10.Ihadan____（预约）withDr.GreenlastFriday.
11.Myexperimentwassoonfinished,anditmadeadeep____（印象）onme.
12.Worryandanxietycanturnintophysicalandemotionalsymptomsquickly,e____foryoungeragegroups.
Key:
1.bored2.direction3.intelligent4.similar5.mainly6.invention7.directly8.easily9.magic10.appointment
11.impression12.especially
（3）代词
1.Micewhoatenutsmadeimprovementsinlearningandmemory,comparedwith____whodidn’tatenuts.
2.Thispoorlittleboywhohadonlyonepieceofbreadshared____immediatelywiththedog.
3.Ithankedhimforhisgoodwishesandwished____luckinhisfuturelife.
4.Sincenobodygaveheranyhelp,shemusthavedonetheresearchon____own.
5.Weappreciatehowimportant____isforparentsandkidstospendqualitytimetogether.
Key:
1.those2.it3.him4.her5.it
（二）常见拼写错误词汇。
1.Thecaptainwasvisitingtheislandandwantedtoknowifthesoldiershadany____（抱怨）.
2.Asurveyfoundthatoverhalfofschoolchildrenlacked____（信心）becauseoftheirbodyshape.
3.Dweckandhercolleaguesasked87collegestudentstodescribetheir____（信仰）.
4.Turkey____（宣布）thatithaddecidedtotalkwithAgustaWestlandtoproducethehelicopter.
5.WheneverImademistakes,theteacherpointedthemoutwithp____.
6.Hespenttherestofhislifetryingtopaylittleattentiontohis____（成就）.
7.Asateenager,hegothisdriving____attheageof16.
8.Itseemsthattheoldtraditionofchildrengettingabedtimestorybeforesleepingis____（消失）inBritain.
9.Parentscameupwithav____ofreasonswhytheydidnotspendmoretimewiththeirlittleones.
10.Theyhaveheldasingingc____forchildrenundertenanda7-year-oldgirlwonfirstplaceatlast.
Key:
1.complaint（s）2.confidence3.beliefs4.announced5.patience
6.achievement（s）7.license8.disappearing9.variety10.competition
（三）简单句、并列句与复合句。
1.Hundredsofstudents____areinterestedintheprogramjoinedtheathletesinthestreets.
2.Readthisstory,____youwillrealizethatnoteverythingcanbeboughtwithmoney.
3.Theteacherwasangrybecausewehadthesameanswersinthetest.Wewerewarnednottocheatagain,____shewouldseeourparents.
4.It’snoteasytochangehabits,____withawarenessandself-control,itispossible.
5.Shesaysthatshe’llhavetoclosetheshop____thebusinessimproves.
6.____yousaidatthemeetingdescribesabrightfutureforthecompany.
7.Nowadayspeoplearemoreconcernedabouttheenvironment____theylive.
8.Wehavelaunchedanotherman-madesatellite,____isannouncedintoday’snews
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