目的论视角下英语商标的翻译.docx
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目的论视角下英语商标的翻译
毕业设计(论文)说明书
TheTranslationofEnglishBrand
NameonthePerspectiveofSkopostheorie
目的论视角下英语商标的翻译
TheTranslationofEnglishBrandNameonthePerspectiveofSkopostheorie
DaiWei
UndertheSupervisionof
ZhangRuisi
SubmittedinPartialFulfillmentofthe
RequirementsfortheDegreeofBachelorofArts
SchoolofInternationalStudies
HunanInstituteofTechnology
June2015
Contents
TheTranslationofEnglishBrandNameonthePerspectiveofSkopostheorie
DaiWei
Abstract:
Brandisaspeciallanguagesymbol;alsoitisafavorableinstrumentwhenenterprisesparticipateininternationalcompetitions.Asuccessfulpropagandaofbrandforenterpriseshasinestimableeffectsonmarchingintotheinternationalmarketandachievingsalestargets.OntheperspectiveofSkopostheoriewhichisoneofthecoretheoriesofGermanfunctionalism,combiningparticulartranslationsofEnglishbrandnameswhichusedforprobingintotheprinciplesandmethodsofthetranslationofEnglishbrandnames,thisarticleindicatesthepracticalsignificantandsomethingshouldbenoticedinthestudyofthetranslationofEnglishbrandnames.
Keywords:
brand;Skopostheorie;translation;principleandmethod
摘要:
商标是一种特殊的语言符号,是企业参与国际竞争的有力武器,商标的成功宣传对企业开拓国际市场,实现企业销售目标有着无法估量的作用。
本文从德国功能派翻译理论核心理论之一的翻译目的论视角下,结合具体商标的翻译来探讨商标翻译的原则和方法,并阐释商标翻译研究的巨大现实意义和一些需要注意的地方。
关键词:
商标;目的论;翻译;原则和方法
注:
Introduction
ThecoreconceptofSkopostheoriehighlightsthefunctionalityofthetargettextinthetargetculture.Translationstrategiesandmethodsmustbedeterminedbytheintendedpurposeandthefunctionofthetargettext.Skopostheorieisfunction-orientedandfocusesonthepracticality.SkoposruleistheprimaryoneamongSkoposrule,coherenceruleandfidelityrule.WiththerapideconomicgrowthinChinaandasaresultoftheworldglobalization,theeconomicactivitiesofenterprisesfromabroadbecomemoreandmorefrequent.ThetranslationofEnglishbrandnamesbecomesparticularlyimportantforenterprisestoopenupoverseasmarketsandbuildtheirownbrandsintheinternationalmarkets.Asplendidbrandnameissoimportantforanenterprisetooccupyadominantpositioninglobalmarketcompetition.Therefore,howtotranslatethebrandnamessuitablyisoneofthemostimportantproblemsinfrontoftheenterprises.Todoso,theprimarypurposeofthispaperistofindoutthetranslatedstrategiesandmethodsonthebasisofthefeatureofEnglishbrandnamesandthetheoryfoundationofSkopostheory.
SkopostheorieisanapproachtotranslationwhichwasdevelopedinGermanyinthelate1970s.EmphasesofSkopostheoriemainlyshowedupinthreeaspects:
1)toexplainthenatureoftranslation;2)toanalyzethecharacterswhoparticipateintheprocessoftranslation;3)toputforwardtheprinciplesoffunctionaltranslation.TheforminganddevelopingprocessofSkopostheorieexperiencedthreephases.Phasesone,KatharinaReissbroughtthefunctioncategoryintothetranslationcriticismforthefirsttimeandhemadethelanguagefunction,texttypeandtranslationstrategyassociatedwitheachother,whichdevelopedtheschemesoftranslationcriticismbasedontherelationbetweensourcetextandtargettext,thuspresentinguswithanembryooffunctionalistapproach.TheidealtranslationkeepinginReiss’smindistheconceptualcontent,linguisticformandcommunicationfunctionareequaltothesourcetext.However,inpractice,hefoundthatanumberofequivalencewillnevercometrue,andtheseexceptionsarecausedbyspecifictranslationbrief.So,thetranslationcriticismcan’tonlyrelyontheanalysisofthesourcetext,butconsiderwhetherthetargettexthasitsintendedeffectornot.Phasetwo,Hans.Vermeerbrokethroughthesource-orientedequivalence,onthebasisofbehavioraltheoryandregardingSkoposasthefirstruleintheprocessoftranslation,Skopostheoriewascreated.
Chapter1AnIntroductiontotheSkopostheorie
SkopostheorieisanapproachtotranslationwhichwasdevelopedinGermanyinthelate1970s.
1.1TheDevelopmentProcessofSkopostheorie
SkopostheorieisanapproachtotranslationwhichwasdevelopedinGermanyinthelate1970s[1].EmphasesofSkopostheoriemainlyshowedupinthreeaspects:
1)toexplainthenatureoftranslation;2)toanalyzethecharacterswhoparticipateintheprocessoftranslation;3)toputforwardtheprinciplesoffunctionaltranslation.TheforminganddevelopingprocessofSkopostheorieexperiencedthreephases.Phasesone,KatharinaReissbroughtthefunctioncategoryintothetranslationcriticismforthefirsttimeandhemadethelanguagefunction,texttypeandtranslationstrategyassociatedwitheachother,whichdevelopedtheschemesoftranslationcriticismbasedontherelationbetweensourcetextandtargettext,thuspresentinguswithanembryooffunctionalistapproach.TheidealtranslationkeepinginReiss’smindistheconceptualcontent,linguisticformandcommunicationfunctionareequaltothesourcetext.However,inpractice,hefoundthatanumberofequivalencewillnevercometrue,andtheseexceptionsarecausedbyspecifictranslationbrief.So,thetranslationcriticismcan’tonlyrelyontheanalysisofthesourcetext,butconsiderwhetherthetargettexthasitsintendedeffectornot.Phasetwo,Hans.Vermeerbrokethroughthesource-orientedequivalence,onthebasisofbehavioraltheoryandregardingSkoposasthefirstruleintheprocessoftranslation,Skopostheoriewascreated.Hisbook“FrameworkforaGeneralTranslationTheory”becomesthebasisofSkopostheorie.
Thetheoryisthattheoriginaltranslationisbasedonapurposeofwhichdominatesthemostimportantposition.The Skopos rule thus can be regarded as:
the perfect target text should be translated in a way that enables the text to functions in the specific situation and with the people who want to use it and precisely in the way they want it to function.(Fraser,1996:
20)
Therefore,therealizationoftranslationbriefdependsontheconditionsoftargetcultureratherthansourceculture.Phasethreecameupwiththetheoryoftranslationactionreferencetothetheoryofcommunicationandaction,andhefurtherdevelopedthefunctionaltranslationtheorythatisaninterpersonalinteraction.Thistheoryisresult-orientedandregardstranslationasthetheoryimpelledbytranslationbrief.Nordmadeacomprehensivesummaryaboutthetheoryoffunctionaltranslationtheoryandcontinuedtoimproveit.Intheprocessoftranslation,hesystematicallyexplainedwhatoutsideandinsidefactorsshouldbenoticedwhenanalyzethetextandhowtoworkoutapracticabletranslationstrategyfitinwiththetranslationbriefbasedonthefunctionsoftheoriginaltext.Andheplacesthepurposeoftranslationinanimportantposition,“Supposingthepurposeoftranslationistofulfillsomecertainfunctions,anyobstaclethatpreventthetranslationtogetthereisatranslatedmistake.”(Robertson,2003:
28)
1.2RulesofSkopostheorie
TheSkopostheoriehasthreerules.“Skoposrule”asthetop-rankingruleforanytranslation,meansthatatranslationalactionisdeterminedbyitsSkopos,or“theendjustifiesthemeans”.Vermeerbelievesthateachtextisproducedforagivenpurposeandshouldservethispurpose[2].Coherenceruleandfidelityrule,theformermeansthetargettextsmustbecomprehensibletoreceiversintargetlanguagecultureandthecommunicativesituationinwhichthetargettextsaretobeused,andthetargettextmustbereadableandacceptable.Thelattermeanstheremustbeaninter-textualcoherencebetweenthesourcetextandthetargettext.However,thedegreeandformofthefidelitydependontheaimofthetargettextsandthetranslators’comprehensionofthesourcetexts.Loyaltyrulemainlyreflectedintwoaspects.Thetranslatorhasmoralobligationstothetargettextreceiversandmustexplainthereasonforwhattheyhavedone.Theotheristhetranslatormustbeloyaltotheoriginalauthor.Ofthethreerules,Skoposruleisthepredominatingrule.FidelityisconsideredlessimportantthancoherenceandbotharesubordinatetoSkoposrules.
SkopostheorieisanapproachtotranslationwhichwasdevelopedinGermanyinthelate1970s.EmphasesofSkopostheoriemainlyshowedupinthreeaspects:
1)toexplainthenatureoftranslation;2)toanalyzethecharacterswhoparticipateintheprocessoftranslation;3)toputforwardtheprinciplesoffunctionaltranslation.TheforminganddevelopingprocessofSkopostheorieexperiencedthreephases.Phasesone,KatharinaReissbroughtthefunctioncategoryintothetranslationcriticismforthefirsttimeandhemadethelanguagefunction,texttypeandtranslationstrategyassociatedwitheachother,whichdevelopedtheschemesoftranslationcriticismbasedontherelationbetweensourcetextandtargettext,thuspresentinguswithanembryooffunctionalistapproach.TheidealtranslationkeepinginReiss’smindistheconceptualcontent;linguisticformandcommunicationfunctionareequaltothesourcetext.However,inpractice,hefoundthatanumberofequivalencewillnevercometrue,andtheseexceptionsarecausedbyspecifictranslationbrief.So,thetranslationcriticismcan’tonlyrelyontheanalysisofthesourcetext,butconsiderwhetherthetargettexthasitsintendedeffectornot.Phasetwo,Hans.Vermeerbrokethroughthesource-orientedequivalence,onthebasisofbehavioraltheoryandregardingSkoposasthefirstruleintheprocessoftranslation,Skopostheoriewascreated.
Chapter2TheTranslationofEnglishBrandNames
Brandisthename,graph,design,symbol,oranyotherfeaturethatidentifiesoneseller’sgoodsorser