高级英语视听说2参考答案 1.docx
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高级英语视听说2参考答案1
Chapter1ThePopulation
I2populous3race4origin5geographicaldistPrelistening
B1censusribution
6madeupof7comprises8relativelyprogressively
9Metropolitandensely10decreaseddeathrate
11birthrateincreasing12lifeexpectancy
D1a18.5millb80%c1/2d13.4mille2:
10
f4%g1990h40%i3/4j33.1%
2a3b1c2d5e4
IIFirstListening
ST1populationbyraceandorigin
ST2geographicaldistribution
ST3ageandsex
IIIPostlistening
A1.People’sRepublicofChina,India
2.281mill
3.Hispanics（12.5%）
4.Texas
5.theSouthandtheWest
6.20%
7.bymorethan5million
8.about6years
9.2.2years
10.adecreasingbirthrateandanincreasinglifeexpectancy
Chapter2:
Immigration:
PastandPresent
PRELISTENING
B.VocabularyandKeyConcepts
immigrated
naturaldisasters/droughts/famines
persecution
settlers/colonists
stages
widespreadunemployment
scarcity
expanding/citizens
failure
decrease
limited
quotas
steadily
trend
skills/unskilled
DNotetakingPreparation
Dates:
TeensandTens
1850
1951
The1840s
From1890to1930
Between1750and1850
1776
1882
1329
1860
Fromapproximately1830to1930
LanguageConventions:
CountriesandNationalities
Country
People
France
French
Germany
Germans
Scotland;Ireland
Scotch-Irish
GreatBritain
Britons:
theBritish
Denmark
Danes
Norway
Norwegians
Sweden
Swedes
Greece
Greeks
Italy
Italian
Spain
Spanish
Portugal
Portuguese
China
Chinese
Philippines
Filipinos
Mexico
Mexicans
India
Indians
Russia
Russians
Poland
Poles
TheScandinaviancountriesareSweden,Norway,andDenmark.TheSouthernEuropeancountriesareItaly,Greece,Spain,andPortugal.TheEasternEuropeancountriesareRussiaandPoland.
LISTENING
FirstListening
MajorSubtopics
ST1theGreatImmigration
ST2reasonsfortheGreatImmigrationandwhyitended
ST3immigrationsituationintheUnitedStatestoday
POSTLISTENING
A.AccuracyCheck
colonistsorsettlers
Dutch,French,German,Scotch-Irish,Blacks
Thethird,1890-1930
SouthernEuropeandEasternEurope
Thepopulationdoubled,therewaswidespreadunemployment,andtherewasascarcityoffarmland
freeland,plentifuljobs,andfreedomfromreligiousandpoliticalpersecution
thefailureofthepotatocropinIreland
lawslimitingimmigrationfromcertainarea,theGreatDepression,andWorldWarⅡ
Theyarelargelynon-European.
Industrydoesn’tneedalargenumberofunskilledworkers。
Chapter3AmericanTrademarks
IB1statistics
2goodsproducing/service
3stricter/illegal
4percapita
5benefits/healthinsurance
6wages/workweek
7romanticize
8study/productive
9rising/opposite
10outproduce
11stressed
12matched
13stagnated
14CEOs/profits
15unions/favor
Da2b1c3d4
ⅡAST1ahistoricallookatworkinAmerica
ST2howU.S.workersaredoingtoday
ⅢA138%
23%
3serviceindustries
419%in1900;60%in1999
5＄4,200in1900;＄33,700in1999
6healthinsurance
7U.S.workers
8Theyarelessstressed（morevacationweeks）
9No
10toCEOs,thestockmarket,andcorporateprofits
Chapter4FamilyintheUnitedStates
Ⅰ.PRELISTENING
B.VocabularyandKeyConcepts
1.disintegrating
2.domesticrole
3.nature/drastically
4.sensitivebarometer
5.predominantconfiguration
mitment/reverence
7.conformity/gender
8.lack/liberation
9.self-fulfillment
10.cohabitingcouples
11.tripled/quadruppled
12.decline/initial
13.balance/individualism
14.flexible/on-site
15.mandate/allowances
D.NotetakingPreparation
2.RhetoricalCues
a.2
b.5
c.3
d.1
e.4
Ⅱ.LISTENING
MajorSubtopics
ST1traditionalfamilism:
mid-1940stomid-1960s
ST2periodofindividualism:
mid-1960stomid-1980s
ST3thenewfamilism:
mid-1980stopresent
Ⅲ.POSTLISTENING
AccuracyCheck
No,theyaren’t.
decliningbirthrates,risingdivorcerates,discontentofwomenwithdomesticrole
amarriedcouplewithchildren
It’sclosertoself-reliance.
sexualrevolution,women’sliberation.,andthemovementagainsttheVietnamWar
theidealizationofcareerandthedriveforself-expressionandself-fulfillment
Single-parentfamiliestripled;cohabitingcouplesquadrupled.
inthesecondperiod
commitmenttofamily,equalityofmenandwomen,fulfillment
qualitydaycare,parentalleave,familyallowances
Chapter5Religion
Ⅰ.PRELISTENING
B.VocabularyandKeyConcepts
1.mandatory
2.surve/Protestant
3.modernized
4.values
5.guaranteed
6.establishes
7.underestimated
8.role/played
9.decline/revival
10.conservative
11.controversial/politicized
12.phenomenon
13.secular/authoritarian
D.NotetakingPreparation
1.CommonlyUsedSymbolsandAbbreviations
1.pop.ofChina＞India＞U.S.
2.deathrt.＋birthrt.→binpop.
3.pop.inU.S.c.281mill.
4.somepeopleimm.toU.S.∵nat.disaster,e.g.,droughts,famines
5.situationdifftoday∴peoplefromLatinAm.+AsiaimmtoU.S.>fromEurope
6.AfterWWⅡ,mostAm.Familiesstilltrad.,i.e.,w/workingfather,housewife,&children
7.Todaymanychild.Raisedw/ofatherinhome
RhetoricalCues
2
4
1
3
5
Ⅱ.LISTENING
FirstListening
MajorSubtopics
ST1factsandfigures
ST2UnitedStatescomparedtoothermodernizednations
ST3increasingroleofreligioninU.S.politicsparticularlyinrecentyears
Ⅲ.POSTLISTENING
AccuracyCheck
Themedia,e.g.,televisionandmovies,usuallyignorethispartofAmericanculture
Protestants,52%,Catholics,24%
ImmigrantstoAmericacamefrommanydifferentcountriesandreligiousbackgrounds.
theUnitedStates,60%;Italy,7%;France,4%
freedomofworship（religion）
thatchurchandstatemustbekeptseparate
conservative
the“riseofthereligiousright”
abortionandprayerinpublicschools
moresecular
Chapter6Passages:
BirthMarriageandDeath
Ⅰ.PRELISTENING
B.VocabularyandKeyConcepts
1.bewildering/ingrained
2.shower/expectant
3.mother-to–be/pretext
4.expressionsofenvy/reassured
5.unheardof
6.banished/delivery
7.baptism
8.observed/fiancées
9.empowered/civil
10.bride/groom/superstitious
11.banned/hazardous
12.cremated
13.memorial/wake
14.eulogy/deceased
15.condolences/bereaved
Ⅲ.POSTLISTENING
A.AccuracyCheck
1.shortlybeforethebabyisdue
2.
（1）babyshowersnotalwaysasurprise,and
（2）mensometimesattend
3.baptism
4.thebride’sfamily
5.areligiousceremony
6.somethingold,somethingnew,somethingborrowed,andsomethingblue
7.thegroom
8.incaseofcremation
9.asympathycardandflowers
10.white
Unit7Multiculturalism
Prelistening
B.
1.skeptically/homogeneous
2.deny/impact
3.melting/metaphor
4.alloy/myth
5.excluded/discrimination
6.viewed/prejudice
7.mosaic/autonomous
8.Intermarriage/adoption
9.implied/exception
10.inherit/absorb
11.assimilation/generation
12.fragmentation/proponents
13.dominant/reflects
14.Opponents/Latinos
D.
2.a.however;ontheotherhand
b.Infact;
c.Forinstance
d.however;nevertheless
e.Rather;Instead
f.Ontheotherhand;However;Nevertheless
g.furthermore;also
Listening
A
Majorsubtopics
ST1themonoculturalistview
ST2themulticultualistview
ST3thepluralisticview
Accuracycheck
No
harder
themonoculturalistview
African,Asian,andNativeAmericansaswellaseachnewlyarrivedgroup
thepatchworkquilt
No
17%
Weinherit,absorb,andchooseit
fragmentationordestructionofU.S.culture
opentochange
Chapter8CrimeandViolenceintheUnitedStates
1Prelistening
BVocabularyandkeyconcepts
1.violent/aggravated
2.enforcement/stringent
3.white-collar/embezzlement
4.aggressive/predisposedto
5.toblame/shortcomings
6.root/proliferation
7.deprivedof/strikeout
8.underclass/disproportionatedly
9.curbs/socializing
10.values/compassion
11.conscience/bringup
12.punishment/deterrent
13.financiers/lacking
14.takesover/leadsto
15.benefits/takeforgranted
DNotetakingPreparation
1Structuring
aCrimestatisticsmatchpublic’sperceptionoflesscrime
bThreesecondarysupportideas
11994-2001:
violentcrimedecreased52%
2possiblereasonsfordecrease
3statisticsonwhite-collarcrime（embezzlement,bribery,etc.）notasclear
cTwodetailsforeachpoint
1.1994:
51victimsper1000/in2001,24victimsper1000
2.stricterlawenforcementincities/stringentpenaltiesonrepeatoffenders
3statisticshardtogetand/Itdoesn’tscarepeople
2Rhetoricalcues
A2b5c1d6e3f4
@Listening
Afirstlistening
Majorsubtopics
ST1liberaltheoryofcrime
ST2conservativetheoryofcrime
ST3somesolutionstothecrimeproblemintheU.S
@Postlistening
AAccuracyCheck
152%
2embezzlement,bribery,politicalcorruption,and/ordangerouscorporatepolicies
3racism,poverty,andinjustice
4No
5theliberaltheory
6bygivingthemvalues,aconscience
7socializationbythefamilyandfearofpunishment
8They’veenjoyedthebenefitsofsociety
9goodeducation,healthcare,andemployment
10conservative
Unit9PublicEducation:
PhilosophyandFunding
IPRELISTENING
BVovabularyandKeyConcepts
1compulsory
2secular
3curriculum/standdardized
4funds/handicapped
5exercisedlocally
6elected
7fluctuates
8agreatdegree
9controversial
10nonsectarian/compete
11contract/accountable
12supporters
13opponents/violates
14bill/“adequateyearlyprogress”
DNotetakingPreparation
1Structuring:
Outlining
ST1Threelevelsofcontrol
AStatedepartmentofeducation
1setsbasiccurriculum
2setsnumberofcredits
BSchooldistrict
1Numbersdependonsizeofpopulationandstate
2Responsibilities
aSpecificcontentofcourses
BDecideselectives
COperationofschools
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