对于土木专业的认识英语版.docx

对于土木专业的认识英语版.docx

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对于土木专业的认识英语版

Civilengineering

【Abstract】:

Civil,fromliteralmeaningcanberelatedtowood,bricksoilandsoonconstructionprojects.BecausemostofancientChinesearchitectureistimberstructure,sothenameontheancientwillbetter.Nowcivilhavetodistinguishbetweenthesizeofthatbroadsenseandnarrowsense.Theso-calledlargecivil,itisthefoundationofallrelatedtowater,soil,culturalconstructionandtheplanning,constructionandmaintenance.Nowthegeneralcivilworkprojectsinclude:

roads,water,drainage,floodcontrolengineeringandtransportation,etc.Peopleusedtoputallnon-militaryuseofcivilianprojectsincivil,butwiththeincreasinglywideengineeringscience,manyoriginallybelongstothescopeofcivilengineeringhaveindependentcontentintoaparticularsubject.Atpresent,inanarrowdefinition,civilengineeringistoconstruction（orstructuralengineering）thissmallscope.

【Keyword】:

Civilengineering、development、materials

Civilengineeringistobuildallkindsofengineeringfacilitiesofthefloorboardofthescience,technologyandengineering.Itisbothrelatedtohumanlifeandproductionofallkindsofengineeringfacilities,suchasconstructionengineering,roadengineering,railwayengineering,bridgeengineering,portengineering,etc.,alsoreferstotheapplicationofmaterials,equipmentonthelandsurvey,design,constructionandotherengineeringactivities.Civilengineeringisoneofthepioneersneededbysocietyandthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology"food,clothing,shelter,line";Heinanycountryhasbeenimportantinthenationaleconomystatus.Hehasbeenimportantinthenationaleconomystatusinanycountry.

Civilengineeringistheoldestengineeringdisciplines;itiscloselyrelatedtohumansurvivalanddevelopment.Civilengineeringhasfourcharacteristics:

（1）comprehensive:

mostofthenaturalscienceshaveconnectedwithcivilengineering,mathematics,mechanicsisthetheoreticalkernel.Inrecentyearstherapiddevelopmentofcomputerscience,agreatofchangeshavetakenplaceincivilengineering;

（2）social:

civilengineeringfacingobjectistheearth.Civilengineering'sultimatepurposeistobettertheearth,inordertomeettheneedsofhumanlifeandproduction.（3）Practical:

civilengineeringwasdevelopedinthepracticeofthediscipline,therearestillmanytheorycan'tsolvetheproblemdependsonthepracticalexperiencetosolve;（4）isatechnology,economy,architecture:

theunityofthecivilengineeringisareasonableuseoftechnologyandcapitaltobuildbuildingsartisticappreciationandactualusingvalue.

"Materials,construction,theory"isthethreeelementsofcivilengineering,

isoneofthemostcriticalmaterial.Itisthethreeelementsofinfluenceandpromoteseachother,civilengineeringdevelopment.

Ancientcivilengineering

Ancientcivilengineeringhasaverylongtimespan,itroughlyfrom5000BCinthenewStoneAgetothemiddleofthe17thcentury,beforeandafterabout7000years.Inbuildings,Bridges,waterconservancyengineering,towerengineering,etchavemadebrilliantachievements.Someoftheworksofancientcivilizationstillstandtall.SuchastheGreatWallofourcountry,suchasthepyramidsinEgypt.ZhaozhouBridgewhichhasabuiltinthe6thcenturyistheearliestopenshouldertypearchbridgeintheworldandin1991bythenationalinstituteofcivilengineeringselected12civilengineeringmilestonesfortheworld.

Theearlyuseofcivilengineeringmaterialsmainlyhasbrick,tile,sand,stone,wood,ashandetc.Theyarestilloccupiesanimportantpositioninthecivilengineeringmaterials.

Peoplecanonlyrelyontheearlyearth,woodandothernaturalmaterialsinconstructionactivities,thenthetwocategories,brickandtilebuildingmaterials,makethehumanfirstbrokethroughtheshacklesofnaturalbuildingmaterials.WattsproducedearlywesternZhoudynastyinChinainthe11thcenturyBC.Brickandtilehasbettermechanicalpropertiesthansoil,canuselocalmaterials,andiseasytobeprocessed.

Stonehasgooddurability;naturalstoneisoneoftheoldestcivil

engineeringmaterials.Naturalstonematerialhastheveryhighcompressivestrength;Goodabrasionresistancedurability;Afterprocessing,thesurfaceisbeautifulandrichinornamental;Stoneandstoneresourceswidelydistributed,abundantreserves,istheancientandmoderncivilengineeringbuildingwalls,Bridges,houses,roadsandwaterconservancyprojectofthemainmaterials.Asaresultofthestonestructurehasthepossibilityofpermanent,somanyimportantbuildingsandmonumentalstructuresarebuiltusingstone,suchasFrance'sVersailles,constructionareaof110000squaremeters,thegroundofthepalacebuildingwallsandexternalallusebuiltinstone.

Inthemoderncivilengineering