中考动词时态教师讲义.docx
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中考动词时态教师讲义
动词的时态
一、Direction
考纲:
熟练掌握动词一般现在时态的第三人称单数、过去式、过去分词和现在分词的形式;熟练掌握一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时、现在进行时的构成和基本用法;理解过去将来时、过去完成时的构成和基本用法。
考点:
一般现在时态,一般过去时态,一般将来时态,现在进行时态,现在完成时态,过去进行时态,共六种时态。
(1)一般现在时
①经常性的或习惯性的动作或存在的状态
②表示客观事实或普遍真理
③在时间、条件等状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来。
(2)一般过去时
①过去某时间发生的动作或存在的状态
②表示过去的习惯或经常发生的动作
③用于since引导的从句。
主句的位于动词如果用现在完成时,since引导的从句一般要用一般过去时。
(3)一般将来时
①表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态
②当主语是I或me时,问句中一般会使用shall表示征求对方意见
③begoingto表示计划、打算做某事,常指已经决定的、很有可能发生的事或有某种迹象表明要发生的事
④bedoing有时表示即将发生或安排好要做的事情。
常用这种结构的动词有:
go,come,leave,arrive,start,begin.
(4)现在进行时
①表示此时此刻正在进行的动作
②表示现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态
③go,leave,arrive,start等动词用现在进行时表示将来
④在由while引导的状语从句中,动词通常要用进行时
⑤一般不能用该时态的有以下动词:
See,hear,like,love,want,wouldlike,be,have,belong,know,think,forget等
(5)现在完成时
①表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,常用的时间状语有:
already,yet,ever,never,just等
②表示动作或状态在过去已经开始,持续到现在,也许还要持续下去。
(6)过去进行时
①表示在过去的某个时刻或某个时间内正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
②表示一个过去的动作发生时或发生之后,另一个过去的动作正在进行。
也可表示过去一段时间内持续发生的动作
③表示两个过去的动作同时进行,可用连接词while连接。
二、Keypoints
1、一般现在时态
一般现在时的标志词语:
often,always,usually,sometimes,onceaweek,everyday
构成公式:
主语+动词原形(三单加s/es)
eg:
Iamagoodstudentandyouareagoodstudent.
Heworksveryhardandeveryonelikeshim.
考点
主将从现:
在以when,after,assoonas等引导的时间状从;if,unless等引导的条件状从主句用将来时,从句用一般现在时.
Examples
1.-Isyourfatheradoctor?
-Yes,heis.He______inTownHospital(2006武汉课改区,C)
A.hasworkedB.hadworkedC.worksD.worked
2.-Whatwillyoudoifit______tomorrow?
(2006苏州,B)
-I‘llstayathomeandwatchthematchonTV
A.rainB.rainsC.willrainD.israining
3.Jerry,withhisparents,______hisgrandparentsonSundays(2006陕西,A)
A.visitsB.isvisitingC.havevisited
4.Ifhe______harder,hewillcatcherupwithussoon.(2009年武汉,B)
A.studyB.studiesC.willstudyD.studied
5.-CouldyoupleasetellPeterthatIwanttotalktohim?
(2010年山东,A)
-Sure.I‘lllethimknowassoonashe______back.
A.comesB.cameC.hascomeD.willcome
Exercises
6.Tomwillcallmeassoonashe______home.(2010北京,A)
A.getsB.hasgotC.gotD.willget
7.Ifhe______hardernexttime,hewillcatchupwithus.(2002北京西城,C)
A.workB.workedC.worksD.willwork
8.You_____worried.What’swrongwithyou?
(2002北京通州,C)
A.lookB.lookingC.looksD.willlook
9.We’reinclass.You’dbetternot________(2002北京朝阳,A)
A.talkB.talkingC.talkedD.totalk
10.-WhatisMumcookinginthekitchen?
-Fish,Iguess.Howniceit______!
(2009扬州,D)
A.looksB.soundsC.tastesD.smells
11.He’llsendusamessageassoonashe____inSichuan.(2008北京,D)
A.isarrivingB.willarriveC.arrivedD.arrives
12.Ifhe ___ harder,hewillcatchupwithussoon.(2004北京,A)
A.studyB.studiesC.willstudyD.studied
13.Wewon'tgototheparkifittomorrow.(2002北京崇文,D)
A.israiningB.willrainC.rainD.rains
14.Mid-AutumnDayusually________inSeptemberorOctobereveryyear.(2002北京朝阳,B)
A.comeB.comesC.iscomingD.willcome
2、一般过去时态
一般过去时态标志词语:
Yesterday,lastweek,…ago,in1998,justnow
构成公式:
主语+动词过去式did
eg:
IcouldreadwhenIwasfive.
Hetoldmethenewsyesterday.
Examples:
1.Heturnedoffthelightsandthen______theclassroom.(2007吉林,D)
A.leavesB.willleaveC.isleavingD.left
2.I______inthissmallmountainvillagewhenIwasachild.(2007青岛,C)
A.usetoliveB.usedtolivingC.usedtoliveD.usedtolife
3.-When______you______youroldfriends?
-Thedaybeforeyesterday(2007盐城,B)
A.will;visitB.did;visitC.have;visitedD.do;visit
4.I______tobeduntilmygrannycamebackhome.(2008厦门,A)
A.didn‘tgoB.wentC.hadgoneD.havegone
5.Hehasstudiedatthisschoolsincehe______tothiscity.(2010龙岩,C)
A.comesB.comeC.cameD.hascome
Exercises:
6.They_____hertotheparty,soshewasveryhappy.(2009北京,B)
A.inviteB.invitedC.willinviteD.areinviting
7.WewereinQingdaolastweekand____greatfunthere.(2008北京,C)
A.willhaveB.havehadC.hadD.have
8.-Whatdidyoudoafterschoolyesterday?
(2007北京,B)
-I____basketballwithmyfriends.
A.playB.playedC.willplayD.amplaying
9.–Howwasyourweekend?
(2006北京,C)
-Great!
We____apicnicbythelake.
A.haveB.arehavingC.hadD.willhave
10.-Howwasyourtriptotheancientvillage?
(2009·湖北宜昌,B)
-Fantastic!
We______toamuseumofstrangestones.
A.goB.wentC.aregoingD.willgo
12.Ihitthetreeand______badlyhurt.(2009四川成都,C)
A.hadB.hasC.wasD.is
18.-What‘shername?
(2008河南,A)
-I______.
A.forgetB.forgotC.hadforgottenD.amforgetting
3、一般将来时态
一般将来时态标志词语:
tomorrow,this(afternoon),next(year),oneday,now,soon,someday,sometime,inthefuture,when引导的从句等
构成公式:
ⅰ)主语+am/is/aregoingtoⅱ)主语+will+do
Examples
1.Frank______toseehisgrandmaifhe______freetomorrow.(2008山东,C)
A.willcome;willbeB.comes;is
C.willcome;isD.comes;willbe
2.There______anEnglishfilmheretomorrow.(2009湖北,B)
A.hasB.isgoingtobeC.willhaveD.have
3.Wewon‘tgosightseeingif______tomorrow.(2009天津,A)
A.itrainsB.itwillrainC.itwouldrainD.itrained
4.IfIfindhisphonenumber,I______you.(2009北京,C)
A.tellB.toldC.willtellD.havetold
5.I_____theCDstoyouifIhavetimetomorrow.(2007北京,A)
A.willreturnB.returnedC.havereturnedD.return
Exercises
四、现在进行时态
现在进行时态标志词语:
Look,listen,now,atthemoment
构成公式:
主语+is/am/are+ing
难点汇总:
1.表示位置移动的动词如:
come,go,arrive,leave等的进行时表示将来
2.用look,listen等动词开头,常用于进行时;用while引导的时间状语从句、动词通常要用进行时,指在某段时间内持续发生的动作.
3.由while引导的时间状语从句,动词用进行时
4.表示频繁发生或反复进行的动作,常与always等频度副词连用,以表示赞扬、不满或讨厌等感情色彩
Examples
1.-WhatareMr.andMr.Blackdoing?
(2008年泰安,A)
-They______teainthegarden.
A.aredrinkingB.drankC.havedrunkD.drink
2.I‘m______Helen.Haveyouseenher?
(2009年盐城,D)
A.lookingupB.lookingafter
C.lookingatD.lookingfor
3.-Isthisyourcoat,sir?
(2009年湖北黄冈,B)
-No,Mine______overtherenearthewindow.
A.hangsB.ishangingC.hangD.hashang
4.NevertroublemewhileI______inmyroom.(2009年山东,C)
A.willsleepB.asleepC.amsleepingD.slept
5.-Doyouhaveanyplansforyoursummervacation?
(2009年河北,B)
-Iam______forLondonnextSunday.
A.goingtoB.leavingC.willgo
Exercises
1.They______supperwhenwe______intotheroom.(C)
A.arehaving…wentB.werehaving…go
C.werehaving…wentD.arehaving…go
2.We‘llgoclimbingifit______tomorrow.(D)
A.won‘trainB.didrainC.isn‘trainD.doesn‘train
3.Father______hiscapandwentout.(A)
A.putonB.putsonC.hadputD.willputon
4.Peter______theworkinaweek.(D)
A.havefinishedB.finishesC.isfinishingD.willfinish
5.______she______herlessonsatsevenyesterdayevening?
(A)
A.Was…goingoverB.Is…goover
C.Has…goneoverD.Will…goover
6.Nobody______theanswer.(B)
A.haveknownB.knewC.didn‘tknowD.areknowing
7.Bothofthetwodictionaries______veryuseful.(A)
A.areB.isC.wasD.am
8.OnedaywhileI______alongthestreet,I______someonecalling.(D)
A.walked…washearingB.waswalking…hasheard
C.waswalking…hadheardD.waswalking…heard
9.Betty______morningexercisesyesterday.(C)
A.notdidB.don'tdoC.didn‘tdoD.won‘tdo
10.Anotherrailwaybridge______therenow.(B)
A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.isbuiltD.hasbeenbuilt
11.______theplay______againnextweek?
(D)
A.Will;putonB.Is;puton
C.Willbe;putonD.Will;beputon
13.Longlongago,there______afarmerinasmallvillage.(D)
A.areB.wereC.isD.lived
14.We______ameetingthesedays.(C)
A.haveB.hadC.arehavingD.werehaving
15.I‘lltellhimallaboutitassoonashe______.(B)
A.comebackB.comesback
C.willcomebackD.isgoingcomeback
16.Mylittlesister______sixnextmonth.(A)
A.willbeB.shallbeC.canbeD.isgoingto
17.Hissister______cakes.That‘swhyherhandsareallcoveredwithflour(面粉).(D)
A.makesB.madeC.willmakeD.ismaking
18.WhenIgotthere,theBrowns______atthelunchtable.(D)
A.issittingB.aresittingC.wassittingD.weresitting
19.TheworkerssaidthattheywouldallleaveifJohn______.(C)
A.stayB.stayedC.staysD.wasgoingtostay
五、过去进行时态
标志词语:
atthistimeyesterday,justthen,at6:
00lastSunday,when+一般过去时
构成公式:
主语+was/were+ing
Examples
1.-Didyounoticehimcomein?
(2009天津,D)
-No,I______afootballgame.
A.havewatchedB.hadwatched
C.amwatchingD.waswatching
2.I______ahorsewhentheteachercamein.(2009河北,D)
A.drawB.drewC.amdrawingD.wasdrawing
3.WhenIcamein,they______gamesintheroom.(2009武汉,A)
A.wereplayingB.areplayingC.playedD.plays
4.Yesterdaymorning,whileIwasdoingmyhomework,mybrother______tohisradio.(2009山东,C)
A.listenedB.listensC.waslisteningD.islistening
六、现在完成时态
现在完成时态标志性词:
already,yet,ever,never,just,for+一段时间,since+过去时间点或状语从句,sofar
构成公式:
主语+have/hasdone
Eg:
Examples
1.Theworldwithoutthievesisaverymovingfilm.I______ittwicealready.(2009年湖南,D)
A.willseeB.seeC.sawD.haveseen
2.TheSmithsmovedtoChinatenyearsagoand______theresincethen.(2009年河北,D)
A.haslivedB.waslivingC.liveD.havelived
3.I______aletterfromhimsinceheleft.(2009年天津,B)
A.haven‘tgotB.didn‘treceiveC.didn‘thaveD.haven‘tfeel
4.PremierZhou___