英语最基本的语序是主语在前谓语动词在后但有时由于句.docx
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英语最基本的语序是主语在前谓语动词在后但有时由于句
英语最基本的语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。
但有时由于句子结构的需要或表示强调，就要采用倒装形式。
将谓语动词完全移到主语之前称为完全倒装，只将助动词或情态动词放到主语之前称为部分倒装。
强调性倒装和以so，neither，nor开头的句子是高考例题的热点。
（一）倒装句的意义
1、适应一定的语法结构的需要，主要是指疑问句句型结构的需要。
e.g.MayIcomein？
WasthePeople'sLiberationArmyfoundedin1927？
2、为了强调某一部分，而把这部分放到句首，构成倒装。
e.g.NeverhaveIbeenlateforschoolthisterm.
Soearlydidhecometoschoolthatnootherstudentscame.
（二）倒装的使用情况
1、在"therebe"结构里，there是引导词，主语在be后。
e.g.Thereisaboxonthetable.
2、在疑问句中。
e.g.Isshesingingintheclassroom？
Whatdoesyourmotherdo？
3、在here，there等副词开头的某些句子里（要用一般现在时态）。
如果主语是人称代词，主语和主要动词的词序不变。
（完全倒装）
e.g.Theregoesthebell.
Hereisanappleforyou.
Thereshecomes.
4、重复倒装句型，用在以so，nor，neither开头，表示谓语所述的情况也适用于另一个人或一事物的肯定或否定句中。
so用于肯定句，表示"也一样"、"也这样"；nor，neither用于否定句，表示"同样也不，也不这样"。
e.g.IamwatchingTV.Soisshe.
Myparentsdidn'twatchTVlastnight.Neither（Nor）didI.
5、直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时，主句中的主谓也常直接倒装。
（完全倒装）
e.g."Verywell，"saidtheFrenchstudent.
"Bringmetwoeggsandacupoftea，please."saidhe.
6、在以never，little，hardly，notonly，few，not，seldom等否定副词开头的句子中，采用部分倒装。
如不放在句首就不要倒装。
e.g.Littledidhesayatthemeeting.
NevershallIforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheArmy.
比较：
IshallneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheArmy.
7、用于以only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句的句子中。
e.g.Onlywhenthewarwasoverin1918washeabletogethappilybacktowrk.
OnlyinthiswaycanwelearnEnglishwell.
注意：
如果only后的词组不是状语，不需倒装。
e.g.OnlyWangLiliknowsthis.
8、为了表达生动，有时把表地点、方位的副词，如up，down，out，away，in等放在句首，同时把谓语动词放在主语之前。
若主语为人称代词，主语和谓语动词的位置不变，只将副词放在句首。
（完全倒装）
e.g.Awayhurriedtheboy.
Outrushedthegirl.
9、在虚拟结构中，条件从句的谓语含有were，had和should这三个词是，可省去if，将这些词移至主语之前。
e.g.HadItime（=IfIhadtime），Iwouldgoandhelpyou.
WereIyou（=IfIwereyou），Iwouldgoabroad.
Shouldhecome（=Ifheshouldcome），tellhimtoringmeup.
10、as引导让步状语从句时要倒装（形容词/副词/名词/动词+as+主语+谓语）。
e.g.Proudastheyare，theyareafraidtoseeme.
Childasheis，heseemstoknoweverything.（child前不加冠词）
Hardasheworded，hemadelittleprogress.
11、用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。
e.g.Mayyousucceed！
LonglivethePeople'sRepublicofChina！
12、So+形容词、副词及such置于句首时要倒装。
Sohappydidhefeel. Suchwasme.
练习：
倒装句
1.NotuntilIbegantowork____howmuchtimeIhadwasted.
A.didn'tIrealize B.didIrealize C.Ididn'trealize D.Irealized
2.Onlybypractisingafewhourseveryday____beabletomasterthelanguage.
A.youcan B.canyou C.youwill D.willyou
3.Ifyoudon'tgo，neither____.
A.shallI B.doI C.Ido D.Ishall
4.Nosooner____tothestation____thetrainleft.
A.hadIgot，when B.Ihadgot，than C.hadIgot，than D.didIget，when
5.----Yourfatherisverystrictwithyou. ----____.Heneverletsoffasinglemistakeofours
A.Soheis B.Soishe C.Heisso D.Sodoeshe
6.____today，hewouldgettherebySunday.
A.Wouldheleave B.Washeleaving C.Werehetoleave D.Ifheleave
7.Neverinmylife____suchathing. A.Ihaveheardorhaveseen
B.haveIheardorseen C.Ihaveheardorseen D.didIhearorsee
8.----Here____！
WhereisXiaoLiu？
----There____.
A.comesthebus，ishe B.comesthebus，heisC.thebuscomes，isheD.thebuscomes，heis
9.____，Iwillnotbuyit.
A.MuchasdoIlikeitB.AsmuchIlikeit C.MuchasIlikeit D.AsIlikeitmuch
10.----Ilikefootball.Idon'tlikevolleyball. ----____.
A.SodoI B.NeitherdoI C.Soitiswithme D.Soisitwithme
11._____theexpense，I_____toItaly.
A.Ifitwerenot，go B.Wereitnotfor，wouldgo
C.Weren'titfor，willgo D.Ifithadntbeen，wouldhavegone
12.So_____inthedarknessthathedidn'tdaretomoveaninch.
A.hewasfrightened B.washefrightenedC.frightenedhewas D.frightenedwashe
13.-Inmodemtimes，girlslikebeautifulclothes.
-Yes，_____andboys.Afterall，ourlifehasgreatlyimproved.
A.sodothey；sodoyou B.sotheydo；soyoudo
C.sodothey；soyoudo D.sotheydo；sodoyou
14.-YouhaveanEnglishclasseverydayexceptSunday. ---_____.
A.Sowehave B.Sowedo C.Sohavewe D.Sodowe
15.1wonderifyourwifewillgototheball.Ifyourwife_____，so_____mine.
A.does；will B.will；does C.will；would D.does；do
16.OnlyafterIreadthetextoveragain_____itsmainidea.
A.thatIknew B.didIknew C.1couldknow D.Ididknow
17.-YouseemtohavelearnedalltheEnglishwordsbyheart.
A.Soldo B.Sodol C.SoIhave D.Sohave1
18.-IseldomwatchTV，butlistentotheradioalot.
A.SodoI B.NeitherdoI C.Imthesame D.Soitiswithme
19.Soexcited_____thathecouldn'tsayaword.
A.heseemed B.didheseem C.washeseeming D.hedidlook
20.Jimmywassonervousnotasingleword_____downinthedictation.
A.hewrote B.hewaswritten C.didhewrite D.washewritten
21.Little______when1tookthetripwhereitwouldleadme.
A.haveIknown B.hadIknown C.do1know D.didIknow
22.-Haveyoueverseenanythinglikethatbefore？
-____.
A.No，Ineverhaveseenanythinglikethatbefore
B.No，neverIhaveseenanythinglikethatbefore
C.No，neverhave1seenanythinglikethatbefore
D.No，Ihaveseenanythinglikethatbeforenever
23._____，1wouldaccepttheinvitationandgototheparty.
A.WereIyou B.WasIyou C.HadIbeenyou D.Would1beyou
24.Youshouldworkless_____.
A.andneithershouldI B.andsoshouldI C.andnorshouldI D.andsoIshould
25._____andcaughtthemouse.
A.Upthecatjumped B.ThecatupjumpedC.Upjumpedthecat D.Jumpedupthecat
26.Notonly_____apromise，butalsohekeptit.
A.didhemake B.hemade C.doeshemake D.hashemade
27.Hisuncleisaworkerandhasbeenworkinginthefactoryformorethantenyears._____.
A.SoishisauntB.Sohashisaunt C.Sohisauntdoes D.Soitiswithhisaunt
28.Notonce_____theirplan.
A.didtheychange B.theychangedC.changedthey D.theydidchange
29.-DoyouknowJimquarreledwithhisbrother？
-Idon'tknow，and______.
A.nordon'tIcare B.nordoIcareC.Idon'tcareneither D.Idon'tcarealso
30.Notuntilhearrivedhome_____hefindthatthiswallethadbeenstolen.
A.did B.would C.when D.that
31.-Thisisoneoftheoldesttreesintheworld. -_____suchabigtree.
A.NeverIhaveseenB.Ihaven'tneverseenC.NeverhaveIseenD.Ihaveseennever
32.Nowhereelseintheworld_____cheapertailoring（裁缝业，成衣业）thaninHongKong.
A.atouristcanfind B.canatouristfind C.atouristwillfind D.atouristhasfound
33._____succeedindoinganything.
A.Onlybyworkinghardwecan B.Byonlyworkinghardwecan
C.Onlywecanbyworkinghard D.Onlybyworkinghardcanwe
34._____thatweallwentout，lyinginthesun.
A.Sofinewastheweather B.Sowasthefineweather
C.Theweatherwassofinewas D.Sotheweatherwastine
35.____aniceman____thatweallbelievehim.
A.So；didheseem B.So；heseemedC.Such；heseemed D.Such；didheseem
36.-Youseemtobeanactor. -_____.Ihaveplayedmanypartsinalotoffilms.
A.SodoI B.SoamI C.SoIdo D.SoIam
37.Notonly____workinghard，butalso____verypolite.
A.theboyis；heis B.istheboy；heis C.theboyis；ishe D.istheboy；ishe
38._____，heneverseemsabletodotheworkbeautifully.
A.Tryashedoes B.Ashetries C.Tryasdoeshe D.Astryhedoes
39.-Icannotseethepicturewellfromhere.-_____.
A.NeithercantI B.NeitherIcan C.Ican'tneither D.NeithercanI
40.-Yououghttohavegiventhemsomeadvice -_____，butwhocaredwhatIasked？
A.Sooughtyou B.So1ought C.Soitwas D.SoIdid
41.Socarelessly_____thathealmostkilledhimself.
A.hedrives B.doeshedriveC.didhedrive D.hedrove
42.Little_____abouthisownhealththoughhewasveryill.
A.hecared B.didhecare C.hecares D.doeshecare
43.Well____knowhimandwell____knowme.
A.Idid；hedid B.didI；hedid C.didI；didheD.Idid；didhe
44.Nosooner____theyrushedoutintothestreet.
A.didtheyhearthenewsthan B.didtheyhearthenewswhen
C.hadtheyheardthenewsthan D.hadtheyheardthenewswhen
45.Littlewonder_____uptheirhandsindismay.
A.havesomethrown B.somehavethrownC.thrownsomehave D.havethrownsome
46._____，hewouldhavepassedtheexam.
A.IfheweretostudyB.Ifhestudiedhard C.Hadhestudiedhard D.Shouldhestudyhard
47.Wewereluckyenough，fornosooner_____home_____itrained.
A.wereturned；and B.wehadreturned；when
C.didwereturn；when D.hadwereturned；than
48.Solittle_____agreeontheplanthattheycouldnotsettletheirdifference.
A.didthey B.dothey C.theydid D.theydidnot
49._____herealizeditwastoolatetoreturnhome.
A.Nosooneritgrewdarkthan B.Hardlydiditgrowdarkwhen
C.Itwasnotuntildarkthat D.Itwasuntildarkthat
参考答案
1~5BDACA 6~10CBBCC 11~15BDDBA 16~20BADBC 21~25DCABC
26~30ADABA 31~35CBDAD 36~40DBADD 41~45CBCCB 46~49CDAC
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