职称英语考试题及答案.docx
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职称英语考试题及答案
2009年度全国职称英语等级考试理工类（A级）真题及答案
第1部分：
词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）
下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1 Whycan'tyoustopyoureternalcomplaining？
A everlasting Blong C temporary Dboring
2 Hundredsofbuildingswerewreckedbytheearthquake.
A shaken Bdamaged C fallen Djumped
3 Thesepaintingsareconsideredbymanytobeauthentic.
A faithful Broyal C genuine Dsincere
4 Manyeconomistshavegivenintothefatallureofmathematics.
A attraction Bsimplicity C power Drigor
5 Tenyearsaftertheevent，herdeathstillremainsapuzzle.
A mist Bfog C mystery Dsecret
6 Johnwasirritatedbythenecessityforpoliteconversation，
A annoyed Btroubled C angered Daroused
7 Academicrecordscannotbeduplicated.
A borrowed Bpurchased C rewritten Dcopied
8 Theemphasisontheimportanceofeducationhasspurredscientificresearch
A fastened Bencouraged C raised Dinitiated
9 Wehaveamplemoneyforthejourney
A some Blittle C extra Denough
10Thedoctor'spillsworkedmarvelsforme.
A patients Bmiracles C illness Drecovery
11Mary'sperpetualmoaningnearlydrovememad.
A monotonous Bendless C serious Dbitter
12Itwashardtosaywhythemandeservedsuchshabbytreatment
A old Bunforgettable C funny Dunfair
13Youdidn'tadheretotheseprinciples.
A follow Border C prove Dhandle
14Thefarmersalsowanttousethewatertoirrigatethebarrenland.
A empty Bhairless C bare Dsmooth
15Anyonewhowantstoapplyforaloanneedreadthefollowingspecifications.
A expressions Bwarnings Cinstructions Dadvertisements
第2部分：
阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：
如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C.
Water-theIssueofThisCentury
Theworldisrunningshortoffreshwater.Populationsaregrowingbiggerand
Thirstier（渴的），withtheresultthatfreshwaterisbecomingincreasinglyscarce（缺乏）。
Halftheworld'swetlandshavedisappearedduringthelastcentury，whileestimatessuggestthatwaterusewillriseby50%inthenext30years.
TheWorldBankreportestimatesthatasmuchashalfoftheworld'spopulation，concentratedinAfrica，theMiddleEastandsouthAsia，willface'severewatershortages'by2025.Localwaterconflictsandthelossoffreshwaterecosystemsappearlargeinsomeregions.
Asimilarpictureemergesfromtheglobe'ssaltwaterregions.Three-quartersoftheworld'speoplemaylivewithin100kmoftheseain2025，puttingevenmorepressureonstretchedcoastalecosystems.Twothirdsoffisheries（渔业）areexploitedatorbeyondtheirsustainablelimits，andhalftheworld'scoralreefs（珊瑚礁）mayperishin100years.Almost60%ofcoralreefsand34%offishspeciesareatriskfromhumanactivities，theBanksays.
Thereportconcludesthatthereisampleevidencetojustifyimmediateandcoordinatedactiontosafeguardsuppliesandusewatermoreefficiently.
Freshwaterconsumptionisrisingquickly，andtheavailabilityofwaterinsomeregionsislikelytobecomeoneofthemostpressingissuesofthe21stcentury.
Athirdoftheworld'spopulation-aroundtwobillionpeople-liveincountriesthatareexperiencingmoderatetohighwatershortages.Thatproportioncouldrisetohalformoreinthenext30yearsunlessinstitutions（制度）changetoensurebetterconservationandallocationofwater.
Chinaisonecountrywheretheportents（征兆）aregloomy.Themostwater-stressedcountryinEastAsia，Chinaisexploiting44%ofitsusablewater，afigureprojectedtoriseto60%by2020.Primarywithdrawalofwaterofmorethan60%iswidelyconsideredbywaterexpertstoexceedtheenvironmentalcarryingcapacityofariverbasinsystem.AlthoughChina'stotaluseappearsstilltobereasonable，ithasseveralbasinsthatareseverelystressedenvironmentally.WithdrawalsexceedenvironmentallimitsinAfghanistanandPakistan，andwillexceedtheminIndiaby2020.IntheMiddleEastandNorthAfrica，onlyMoroccohasunexploitedwaterresources.Theresthaveexceededenvironmentallimitsandmanyareminingaquifers（蓄水层）-bodiesofwater-bearingrock-thereportsays.
16 Itisestimatedthatwaterusewillriseby50%inthenext30years.
A Right B Wrong CNotmentioned
17 Mostdevelopedcountrieswillfacewatershortagesin20years.
A Right B Wrong CNotmentioned
18 Mostoftheworld'spopulationmaylivewithin100kmoftheseain2025.
A Right B Wrong CNotmentioned
19 Almostallcoralreefsmaydisappearin100years.
A Right B Wrong CNotmentioned
20 SomespeciesoffishintheAtlanticareatdangerouslylowlevels.
A Right B Wrong CNotmentioned
21 TheWorldBankreportimpliesthaturgentactionshouldbetakentoprotectwatersupplies.
A Right B Wrong CNotmentioned
22 Indiaexceedsenvironmentallimitsforwateruse.
A Right B Wrong CNotmentioned
第3部分：
概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）
下面的短文后有2项测试任务：
（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段1选择个最佳标题；
（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。
Chimpanzees
1 Chimpanzees（黑猩猩）willsoonbeextinct（灭绝）。
Ifthepresentrateofhuntingandhabitat（栖息地）destructioncontinues，thenwithin20years，therewillbenochimpanzeeslivinginthewild.Butthisismorethananenvironmentalormoraltragedy（悲剧）。
Chimpanzeeextinctionmayalsohaveprofoundimplications（含意）forthesurvivaloftheirdistantrelatives-humanbeings.
2 In1975thebiologistMarie-ClaireKingandAllanWilsondiscoveredthatthehumanandchimpanzeegenomes（基因组）matchbyover98%.Comparethistothemouse，
usedasmodelforhumandiseaseinlabtests，whichsharesonly60%ofitsDNAwithus.Infact，chimpanzeesarefarmoresimilartohumansthantheyaretoanyotherspeciesofmonkey.Aswellasresemblingusgenetically，chimpsarehighlyintelligentandabletousetools.Thesefactsaloneshouldbeenoughtomakeprotectionofchimpsanurgentpriority（优先）。
Butthereisanother，moreselfishreasontopreservethechimp.
3 Thechimpanzees'trumpcard（王牌）comesinthefieldofmedicalresearch.Chimpanzeesaresosimilartohumansthatveterinarians（兽医）oftenrefertohumanmedicaltextbookswhentreatingthem.Yetchimpanzeesdoshowdifferencesinseveralkeyareas.Inparticular，chimpsaremuchmoreresistanttoanumberofmajordiseases.Itisthisabilitythatissointeresting.
4 Forexample，chimpsseemtoshowamuchhigherresistancethanhumanstoHIV，thevirusthatcausesAIDS.Indeed，theiruseasexperimentalanimalsinAIDSresearchhasdeclinedbecausetheyaresoresistant.
5 Bysequencingthechimpgenomeandpinpointing（找到）theplacewherethechimpanzeeDNAsequencediffersfromthatofhumans，scientistshopetobeabletodiscoverwhichpartofthegeneticcodegiveschimpstheirincreasedresistancetosomediseases.This，theyhope，willallowthemtodevelopnewandmoreeffectivetreatmentsforthehumanformsofthesediseases.Suchtreatmentscouldincludetheproductionofnewdrugsoreventhealteration（改变）ofthehumangeneticsequence.Therecentlycompletedhumangenomesequencingprojecthasshownthatsuchaneffortisnowwellwithinourreach.
23 Paragraph1 。
24 Paragraph2 。
25 Paragraph3 。
26 Paragraph4 。
A ReasonsforHIVresistance
B Implicationsofchimpanzeeextinctionforhumans
C EffectiveAIDStreatment
D Geneticsimilaritiesbetweenchimpsandhumans
E Chimps'resistancetoHIV
F Geneticdifferencesbetweenchimpsand“humans
27 Chimpanzeeextinctionmayaffect 。
28 Thereisadifferenceoflessthan2%betweenthechimpand 。
29 Scientistssuspectthatgenesplayasignificantroleinprotectingchimpsfromgetting 。
30 Thediscoveryofthegeneticcodeofchimpswillbehelpfulto 。
A somehumandiseasetreatmentsB somediseases
C humansurvival D humangenomes E keyareas
F healthierlifestyle
第4部分：
阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。
请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
31 The“YouthEmancipation”programaimsathelpingyoungpeople
A fightforfreedom. B liveinanindependentway.
C fightagainstsocialinjustice. D getridoffamilyresponsibilities.
32 Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph5thatfamilytiesarestrongerinPortugalthanin
A Finland. B Greece. C Spain. D Italy.
33 Youngpeople'sfamilydependencecanbeattributedtoallthefollowingfactorsEXCEPT
A parents'tolerance. B housingproblems.
C culturaltraditions. D unwillingnesstogetmarried.
34 Whichofthefollowingstatementsis，NOTtrueofDionisioMasso？
ASheis60yearsold. BShehasaboyfriend.
CShehasthreechildren. DShelivesinMadrid.
35 Thephrase“waryof”inparagraph8couldbebestreplacedby
A tiredof. B afraidof. C cautiousabout. D worriedabout.
第二篇
36 Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutbirdsongs？
A Femalezebrafinchesaretooshytosingbeforemales.
B Malezebrafinchessinglouderthanfemales.
C Femalezebrafinchesliketolistentounknownmalessing.
D Malezebrafincheschangetheirsongstoattractfemales.
37 Whatdidtheresearchersfindintheirstudyoffemalezebrafinches？
A Femalefinchesonlylikedsongsmalefinchessangfortheirmates
B Femalefincheslikedsongsmalefinchessangforthem.
C Femalefincheslikedtolistentosongsfrombothspeakers，
D Femalefincheschosethebestmalesingersastheirmates.
38 Whatismeantby“concertsongs”inparagraph？
A Songssungbyzebrafinchesataconcert. B Songssungbyfemalefinchesformalefinches.
C Songssungbymalefinchesforfemalefinches. D Songssungbymalefinchestootherfinches.
39 Theexpression“directedcommunication”inthelastparagraphmeanscommunicatio
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