关于大学英语4复习.docx

关于大学英语4复习.docx

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关于大学英语4复习

2013春《大学英语4》综合复习资料

I.ReadingComprehension

Passage1

Forages,sailorshavesaidthatitisgoodlucktoseedolphinsswimmingalongsideboats.Theirpresencemeantthatlandwasnear,whichwouldbevitalinformationifaboatandhercrewwereindanger.Somedolphinshaveevenprotectedshipwreckedsailorsfromsharks.Itisnowonderthattheseuniqueandfascinatingcreatureshavelongbeenknownasourfriends.

Youmaythinkdolphinsarefish,buttheyareactuallymammals.Theyarerelatedtowhalesandporpoises,andtheyevolvedaround10millionyearsago.Dolphinsbreatheair,givebirthtoliveyoung,andfeedthemmilk.Theyaresocialanimals,livingtogetheringroupsranginginsizeofupto12.Inplacesrichinfood,manyschoolscancombinetogethertoformschoolsofupto1,000dolphins.

Dolphinsarethoughttobeintelligentanimalsbecauseoftheirplayfulness,curiosity,andquickabilitytolearn.Theyseemtocommunicatewitheachotherthroughacombinationofsqueaks,whistles,andclicks.Whilescientistsdon'tknowwhattheyaregoingonabout,itisthoughtthatdolphinsaretellingeachotherthatfoodisnearby,orwarningeachotherofapproachingdanger.Dolphinsusesonartodiscoveranobject'ssize,shape,andlocation.Bysendingoutaseriesofclicksandreceivingtheechothatbouncesofftheobject,theycandifferentiatebetweenasharkandaboat.

Unfortunately,dolphinshavefacedincreasingdangerinrecentyears.Fishermeninpursuitofprofitabletunamayaccidentallytrapdolphinsintheirnets,killingthemintheprocess.Theseintelligentmammalsoftheseadeserveourprotectionandrespect.

1.Dolphinshavebeenhuman'sfriendsbecauseof_______D_____.

A.sailorsmayknowthatthelandisnotfaraway

B.somedolphinsprotectsailorsfromsharkattacks

C.sailorscancommunicatewiththem

D.bothAandB

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementaboutdolphinisnottrue?

A

A.Dolphinslayeggsunderthesea.

B.Dolphinscancommunicatewitheachotherbysendingoutsounds.

C.Dolphinshaveabilitiestolearn.

D.Dolphinsprefertoliveingroupsuptohundreds.

3.Howdodolphinscommunicatewithoneanother?

D

A.Throughradiowaves.B.Bysendingoutgases.

C.Byclappingtheirfinstogether.D.Throughvariousnoises.

4.Accordingtothearticle,whatmakesathreattodolphins?

D

A.Whales.B.Tuna.C.Sailors.D.Fishermen.

5.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?

B

A.Fishermenaccidentallytrapdolphins.

B.Weshouldtakesomeactionstostopkillingdolphins.

C.Dolphinsoftenlivewithtunas.

D.Moreandmoredolphinsareindangerintherecentyears.

Passage2

Thecityhasalwaysbeenanengineofintellectuallife,fromthe18th-centurycafesofLondon,wherecitizensgatheredtodiscusschemistryandpolitics,totheLeftBankbarsofmodernParis,wherePicassotalkedaboutmodemart.Withoutthemetropolis,wemightnothavehadthegreatartofShakespeare.

Andyet,citylifeisn’teasy.Nowscientistshavebeguntoexaminehowthecityaffectsthebrain,andtheresultsaredepressing.Justbeinginanurbanenvironment,theyhavefound,impairs（损害）ourbasicmentalprocesses.Afterspendingafewminutesonacrowdedcitystreet,thebrainislessabletoholdthingsinmemory,andsuffersfromreducedself-control.Whileit’slongbeenrecognizedthatcitylifeisexhausting,thisnewresearchsuggeststhatcitiesactuallydullourthinking,sometimesdramaticallyso.

Oneofthemainforcesatworkisacompletelackofnature,whichissurprisinglybeneficialforthebrain.Studieshavedemonstrated,forinstance,thathospitalpatientsrecovermorequicklywhentheycanseetreesfromtheirwindows,andthatwomenlivinginpublichousingarebetterabletofocuswhentheirapartmentsoverlookalawn.Eventheseglimpsesofnatureimprovebrainperformance,itseems,becausetheyprovideamentalbreakfromtheurbanlife.

Thisresearcharrivesjustashumanscrossanimportantmilestone（里程碑）.Forthefirsttimeinhistory,themajorityofpeopleliveincities.Insteadofinhabitingwide-openspaces,we’recrowdedintoconcretejungles,surroundedbytrafficandmillionsofstrangers.Inrecentyears,it’sbecomeclearthatsuchunnaturalsurroundingshaveimportantimplicationsforourmentalandphysicalhealth,andcanpowerfullyalterhowwethink.

6.Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthispassage?

B

A.Thecityinspirestalentedpeople.B.Thecityhurtsyourbrain.

C.Thecityhasmanypleasuresandbenefits.D.Thecityseriouslyaffectsthenaturalbalance.

7.Theword“metropolis”inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto___C____.

A.citizenB.natureC.cityD.stress

8.Peoplehavejustcometorealizethat____D___.

A.humanattentionisascarceresource

B.citylifecanmakepeopleverytired

C.thecityisanengineofintellectuallife

D.anurbanenvironmentisdamagingtothebrain

9.Whatisthefactormentionedinthethirdparagraphthathelpsthehospitalpatientsrecovermorequickly?

A

A.Nature.B.Bettertreatment.

C.Experienceddoctors.D.Goodmedicine.

10.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

C

A.Differentaspects（方面）ofanurbanenvironment,suchasthecrowdedstreets,canleadtoanincreaseinself-control.

B.Smallchangesinurbandesigncannotreducethenegativesideeffectsofcitylife.

C.Forthefirsttimeinhistory,theearth’spopulationismoreurbanthanrural.

D.Awalkdownabusycitystreetwillimprovebrainperformance.

Passage3

　　Yoursuccessinyourstudieswillalsodependuponyourmotivation（动机）.Thisneedordesiretoachieveacertaingoalcanmakethedifferencebetweensuccessandfailure.Motivationcancomefromtwosources:

frominsideofyouorfromoutsideofyou.Inthefirstcase,motivationcomesfromyourhopesandexpectations,fromyourdesiretodosomethingortobesomeone.Studypurposesthatresultfrompersonalinnerdesiresareindividual,andvarious.Ifyouhavenotalreadydoneso,youshouldthinkcarefullyaboutwhatyouhopetogainfromyourstudies,andwhy.Youshouldsetagoalanddirectallyourstudyeffortstowardreachingit.Agoalofthiskindisimportantbecauseitwilldeterminethedirectionanddegreeofyourmotivationforstudy.

　　Noteveryoneishighlymotivatedfromwithinandnooneiscontinuouslymotivatedfromwithin.Fortunatelythereisanothersourceofmotivation：

fromoutside.Ineducationthemostobviouskindofoutsidemotivationisgrades.Formanystudents,coursegradesareanimmediate,short-rangemotivationforstudy.Thisisoneofthereasonsforexaminationsandgrades,buttheymustnotbecomeagoalinthemselves.Gradeshelptomotivateyoufromdaytoday,buttheyareonlysmall,artificialstepstoyourultimategoal.Itwouldbewrongtosetgradesasyouronlyambition.

　　Atextbooklikethiscannotprovideyouwithmotivation；thatmustcomefromyourself.Butasanencouragement,itisusefultoknowthatgoodstudyhabitsdependupongoodmotivation.Andgoodstudyhabitsareimportantbecausetheyhelpyougetmoredoneinlesstime.Itisnotamatterofhowmuchyoustudy；moreimportantishowwellyoustudy.

11.Insidemotivationcomesfrom______D______.

A.yourneedanddesireB.yourhopesandexpectations

C.yourdesiretodosomethingortobesomeoneD.bothBandC

12.Studypurposes_____A_______.

A.aredifferentfrompersontopersonB.arepersonalinnerdesires

C.sharesomecommonpointsD.shouldbecarefullymade

13.Ifyouhaven'tsetagoalinyourstudies,______C______.

A.youwillmostprobablybecomeafailureB.youwillneverbeagoodstudent

C.youmaylosedirectionandlackmotivationD.youwon'thavegoodstudyhabits

14.Accordingtothepassage,whyareexaminationsandgradesnecessaryineducation?

B

A.Becausetheycanmakethedifferencebetweensuccessandfailure.

B.Becausetheycanmotivatemanystudentstostudyharder.

C.Becausetheycancheckwhatyouhavegainedfromyourstudies.

D.Becausetheyaresmall,artificialstepstoanultimategoal.

15.Ifyouwanttobeanefficientlearner,youmust_____D_______.

A.haveclearstudypurposes

B.bealwaysmotivatedfrombothinsideandoutside

C.setgradesasyourambition

D.havegoodstudyhabits

Passage4

　　Askthreepeopletolookoutthesamewindowatabusystreetcornerandtellyouwhattheysee.Chancesarethatyouwillreceivethreedifferentanswers.Eachpersonseesthesamescene,buteachperceivessomethingdifferentaboutit.

　　Perceivinggoesoninourminds.Ofthethreepeoplewholookoutthewindow,onemaysaythatheseesapolicemangivingamotoristaticket.Anothermaysaythatheseesarush-hourtrafficjamattheintersection.Thethirdmaysaythatheseesawomantryingtocrossthestreetwithfourchildrenintow.Forperceptionisthemind’sinterpretationofwhatthesenses—inthiscaseoureyes—tellus.

　　Manypsychologiststodayareworkingtotrytodeterminejusthowapersonexperiencesorperceivestheworldaroundhim.Usingascientificapproach,thesepsychologistssetupexperimentsinwhichtheycancontrolallofthefactors.Bymeasuringandchartingtheresultsofmanyexperiments,theyaretryingtofindoutwhatmakesdifferentpeopleperceivetotallydifferentthingsaboutthesamescene.

16.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?

B

A.Perceivinghasnothingtodowithseeing.B.Perceivingdiffersfromseeing.

C.Seeingiscloselyconnectedtoperceiving.D.Seeinghasmuchtodowithperceiving.

17.Thephrase"withfourchildre