关于大学英语4复习.docx

1、关于大学英语4复习2013春大学英语4综合复习资料I. Reading Comprehension Passage 1 For ages, sailors have said that it is good luck to see dolphins swimming alongside boats. Their presence meant that land was near, which would be vital information if a boat and her crew were in danger. Some dolphins have even protected sh

2、ipwrecked sailors from sharks. It is no wonder that these unique and fascinating creatures have long been known as our friends. You may think dolphins are fish, but they are actually mammals. They are related to whales and porpoises, and they evolved around 10 million years ago. Dolphins breathe air

3、, give birth to live young, and feed them milk. They are social animals, living together in groups ranging in size of up to 12.In places rich in food, many schools can combine together to form schools of up to 1,000 dolphins. Dolphins are thought to be intelligent animals because of their playfulnes

4、s, curiosity, and quick ability to learn. They seem to communicate with each other through a combination of squeaks, whistles, and clicks. While scientists dont know what they are going on about, it is thought that dolphins are telling each other that food is nearby, or warning each other of approac

5、hing danger. Dolphins use sonar to discover an objects size, shape, and location. By sending out a series of clicks and receiving the echo that bounces off the object, they can differentiate between a shark and a boat. Unfortunately, dolphins have faced increasing danger in recent years. Fishermen i

6、n pursuit of profitable tuna may accidentally trap dolphins in their nets, killing them in the process. These intelligent mammals of the sea deserve our protection and respect. 1. Dolphins have been humans friends because of _D_. A. sailors may know that the land is not far away B. some dolphins pro

7、tect sailors from shark attacks C. sailors can communicate with them D. both A and B 2. Which of the following statement about dolphin is not true? A A. Dolphins lay eggs under the sea. B. Dolphins can communicate with each other by sending out sounds. C. Dolphins have abilities to learn. D. Dolphin

8、s prefer to live in groups up to hundreds. 3. How do dolphins communicate with one another? D A. Through radio waves. B. By sending out gases. C. By clapping their fins together. D. Through various noises. 4. According to the article, what makes a threat to dolphins? D A. Whales. B. Tuna. C. Sailors

9、. D. Fishermen. 5. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? B A. Fishermen accidentally trap dolphins. B. We should take some actions to stop killing dolphins. C. Dolphins often live with tunas. D. More and more dolphins are in danger in the recent years. Passage 2 The city has always been an en

10、gine of intellectual life, from the 18th-century cafes of London, where citizens gathered to discuss chemistry and politics, to the Left Bank bars of modern Paris, where Picasso talked about modem art. Without the metropolis, we might not have had the great art of Shakespeare.And yet, city life isnt

11、 easy. Now scientists have begun to examine how the city affects the brain, and the results are depressing. Just being in an urban environment, they have found, impairs (损害) our basic mental processes. After spending a few minutes on a crowded city street, the brain is less able to hold things in me

12、mory, and suffers from reduced self-control. While its long been recognized that city life is exhausting, this new research suggests that cities actually dull our thinking, sometimes dramatically so.One of the main forces at work is a complete lack of nature, which is surprisingly beneficial for the

13、 brain. Studies have demonstrated, for instance, that hospital patients recover more quickly when they can see trees from their windows, and that women living in public housing are better able to focus when their apartments overlook a lawn. Even these glimpses of nature improve brain performance, it

14、 seems, because they provide a mental break from the urban life.This research arrives just as humans cross an important milestone (里程碑). For the first time in history, the majority of people live in cities. Instead of inhabiting wide-open spaces, were crowded into concrete jungles, surrounded by tra

15、ffic and millions of strangers. In recent years, its become clear that such unnatural surroundings have important implications for our mental and physical health, and can powerfully alter how we think.6. Which of the following is the main idea of this passage? B A. The city inspires talented people.

16、 B. The city hurts your brain.C. The city has many pleasures and benefits. D. The city seriously affects the natural balance.7. The word “metropolis” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to_C_.A. citizen B. nature C. city D. stress8. People have just come to realize that_D_.A. human attentio

17、n is a scarce resource B. city life can make people very tiredC. the city is an engine of intellectual life D. an urban environment is damaging to the brain9. What is the factor mentioned in the third paragraph that helps the hospital patients recover more quickly? A A. Nature. B. Better treatment.

18、C. Experienced doctors. D. Good medicine.10. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE? C A. Different aspects (方面) of an urban environment, such as the crowded streets, can lead to an increase in self-control.B. Small changes in urban design cannot reduce the negative side

19、 effects of city life.C. For the first time in history, the earths population is more urban than rural.D. A walk down a busy city street will improve brain performance.Passage 3 Your success in your studies will also depend upon your motivation（动机）. This need or desire to achieve a certain goal can

20、make the difference between success and failure. Motivation can come from two sources: from inside of you or from outside of you. In the first case, motivation comes from your hopes and expectations, from your desire to do something or to be someone. Study purposes that result from personal inner de

21、sires are individual, and various. If you have not already done so, you should think carefully about what you hope to gain from your studies, and why. You should set a goal and direct all your study efforts toward reaching it. A goal of this kind is important because it will determine the direction

22、and degree of your motivation for study. Not everyone is highly motivated from within and no one is continuously motivated from within. Fortunately there is another source of motivation：from outside. In education the most obvious kind of outside motivation is grades. For many students, course grades

23、 are an immediate, short-range motivation for study. This is one of the reasons for examinations and grades, but they must not become a goal in themselves. Grades help to motivate you from day to day, but they are only small, artificial steps to your ultimate goal. It would be wrong to set grades as

24、 your only ambition.A textbook like this cannot provide you with motivation；that must come from yourself. But as an encouragement, it is useful to know that good study habits depend upon good motivation. And good study habits are important because they help you get more done in less time. It is not

25、a matter of how much you study；more important is how well you study. 11. Inside motivation comes from_D_. A. your need and desire B. your hopes and expectationsC. your desire to do something or to be someone D. both B and C 12. Study purposes_A_. A. are different from person to person B. are persona

26、l inner desires C. share some common points D. should be carefully made 13. If you havent set a goal in your studies,_C_. A. you will most probably become a failure B. you will never be a good student C. you may lose direction and lack motivation D. you wont have good study habits 14. According to t

27、he passage, why are examinations and grades necessary in education? B A. Because they can make the difference between success and failure. B. Because they can motivate many students to study harder. C. Because they can check what you have gained from your studies. D. Because they are small, artifici

28、al steps to an ultimate goal. 15. If you want to be an efficient learner, you must_D_. A. have clear study purposes B. be always motivated from both inside and outside C. set grades as your ambition D. have good study habits Passage 4 Ask three people to look out the same window at a busy street cor

29、ner and tell you what they see. Chances are that you will receive three different answers. Each person sees the same scene, but each perceives something different about it.Perceiving goes on in our minds. Of the three people who look out the window, one may say that he sees a policeman giving a moto

30、rist a ticket. Another may say that he sees a rush-hour traffic jam at the intersection. The third may say that he sees a woman trying to cross the street with four children in tow. For perception is the minds interpretation of what the senses in this case our eyes tell us.Many psychologists today a

31、re working to try to determine just how a person experiences or perceives the world around him. Using a scientific approach, these psychologists set up experiments in which they can control all of the factors. By measuring and charting the results of many experiments, they are trying to find out wha

32、t makes different people perceive totally different things about the same scene. 16. What does the passage mainly tell us? B A. Perceiving has nothing to do with seeing. B. Perceiving differs from seeing. C. Seeing is closely connected to perceiving. D. Seeing has much to do with perceiving. 17. The phrase with four childre